Biotechnology for fuels and chemicals : proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, held May 4-7, 2003, in Breckenridge, CO

In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: The Twenty-Fifth Symposium, leading American and international researchers from academia, industry, and government present the latest research and breakthroughs on how biotechnology is being used to produce economically competitive fuels and chemicals in a sustainable and environmentally responsible manner. The contributors discuss both fundamental science discoveries and the progress that has been made in commercialization efforts. Special attention is given to biofeedstock (plant genomics, production, and pretreatment), bioprocessing, direct production in plants, and the use of molecular biology and genomics to create new biocatalysts. The field continues to expand, and the ideas and techniques described here will play important roles in developing new biological processes for producing fuels and chemicals on a large scale, as well as for reducing pollution and waste disposal problems and their adverse impacts on global climate change. Cutting-edge and authoritative, Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals: The Twenty-Fifth Symposium provides an excellent overview of current research and development in the production of commodity fuels and chemicals via biological transformation. Front Matter....Pages i-xix Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Feedstock Supply, Logistics, Processing, and Composition....Pages 3-4 Designing an Effective Federal Biomass Program....Pages 5-12 Methodology for Estimating Removable Quantities of Agricultural Residues for Bioenergy and Bioproduct Use....Pages 13-26 Pipeline Transport of Biomass....Pages 27-39 Hydrodynamic Separation of Grain and Stover Components in Corn Silage....Pages 41-54 A New Class of Plants for a Biofuel Feedstock Energy Crop....Pages 55-70 Fungal Upgrading of Wheat Straw for Straw-Thermoplastics Production....Pages 71-93 Economic Analysis of Ethanol Production in California Using Traditional and Innovative Feedstock Supplies....Pages 95-110 Enzyme Catalysis and Engineering....Pages 113-113 Dynamics of Cellulase Production by Glucose Grown Cultures of Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 as a Response to Addition of Cellulose....Pages 115-124 Development and Application of an Integrated System for Monitoring Ethanol Content of Fuels....Pages 125-136 Model Based Soft-Sensor for On-Line Determination of Substrate....Pages 137-144 Screening of Dowex® Anion-Exchange Resins for Invertase Immobilization....Pages 145-159 Effects of Carbon Source on Expression of Alcohol Oxidase Activity and on Morphologic Pattern of YR-1 Strain, a Filamentous Fungus Isolated from Petroleum-Contaminated Soils....Pages 161-171 Effect of Temperature, Moisture, and Carbon Supplementation on Lipase Production by Solid-State Fermentation of Soy Cake by Penicillium simplicissimum ....Pages 173-180 The Effect of Temperature, Pressure, Exposure Time, and Depressurization Rate on Lipase Activity in SCCO 2 ....Pages 181-187 Ester Synthesis Catalyzed by Mucor miehei Lipase Immobilized on Magnetic Polysiloxane-Polyvinyl Alcohol Particles....Pages 189-199 Effect of pH on Cellulase Production of Trichoderma reesei RUT C30....Pages 201-211 Quantitative Analysis of Cellulose-Reducing Ends....Pages 213-231 Properties of a Recombinant β-Glucosidase from Polycentric Anaerobic Fungus Orpinomyces PC-2 and Its Application for Cellulose Hydrolysis....Pages 233-250 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Characterization and Performance of Immobilized Amylase and Cellulase....Pages 251-259 Immobilized Enzyme Studies in a Microscale Bioreactor....Pages 261-272 Performance of Chloroperoxidase Stabilization in Mesoporous Sol-Gel Glass Using In Situ Glucose Oxidase Peroxide Generation....Pages 273-285 Integration of Computer Modeling and Initial Studies of Site-Directed Mutagenesis to Improve Cellulase Activity on Cel9A from Thermobifida fusca ....Pages 287-297 Kinetics of Asparaginase II Fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ure2dal80 Mutant....Pages 299-305 Studies on Immobilized Lipase in Hydrophobic Sol-Gel....Pages 307-319 Front Matter....Pages 321-321 Introduction to Microbial Catalysis and Engineering....Pages 323-324 Polykaryon Formation Using a Swollen Conidium of Trichoderma reesei ....Pages 325-334 Biosynthesis of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyalkanoates) by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli Strains....Pages 335-346 Effect of Corn Stover Concentration on Rheological Characteristics....Pages 347-360 Construction of Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains for Production of Poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyvalerate)....Pages 361-372 Biosynthesis of ( R )-3-Hydroxyalkanoic Acids by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli....Pages 373-379 Gibberellic Acid Production by Free and Immobilized Cells in Different Culture Systems....Pages 381-388 Screening Genus Penicillium for Producers of Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic Enzymes....Pages 389-401 Production of Ethanol from Cellulosic Biomass Hydrolysates Using Genetically Engineered Saccharomyces Yeast Capable of Cofermenting Glucose and Xylose....Pages 403-416 Secondary Membranes for Flux Optimization in Membrane Filtration of Biologic Suspensions....Pages 417-432 Enzymatic Synthesis of Monolaurin....Pages 433-445 Bioprocessing, Including Separations....Pages 449-451 Evaluation of Recombinant Green Fluorescent Protein, Under Various Culture Conditions and Purification with HiTrap Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography Resins....Pages 453-468 Thermal Stability of Recombinant Green Fluorescent Protein (GFPuv) at Various pH Values....Pages 469-483 Front Matter....Pages 321-321 Evaluation of Optimization Techniques for an Extractive Alcoholic Fermentation Process....Pages 485-496 Yields from Glucose, Xylose, and Paper Sludge Hydrolysate During Hydrogen Production by the Extreme Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus ....Pages 497-508 Optimization of Steam Pretreatment of Corn Stover to Enhance Enzymatic Digestibility....Pages 509-523 Selection of Anion Exchangers for Detoxification of Dilute-Acid Hydrolysates from Spruce....Pages 525-538 Ethanol Production in Immobilized-Cell Bioreactors from Mixed Sugar Syrups and Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Steam-Exploded Biomass....Pages 539-557 Silymarin Extraction from Milk Thistle Using Hot Water....Pages 559-568 Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Energy Crops....Pages 569-583 Cellulase Retention and Sugar Removal by Membrane Ultrafiltration During Lignocellulosic Biomass Hydrolysis....Pages 585-599 Controlled Fed-Batch Fermentations of Dilute-Acid Hydrolysate in Pilot Development Unit Scale....Pages 601-617 Degeneration of β-Glucosidase Activity in a Foam Fractionation Process....Pages 619-625 Simultaneous Production of Nisin and Lactic Acid from Cheese Whey....Pages 627-638 Effect of Process Parameters on Production of a Biopolymer by Rhizobium sp....Pages 639-652 Succinic Acid Adsorption from Fermentation Broth and Regeneration....Pages 653-669 A Hollow-Fiber Membrane Extraction Process for Recovery and Separation of Lactic Acid from Aqueous Solution....Pages 671-688 Evaluation of Tocopherol Recovery Through Simulation of Molecular Distillation Process....Pages 689-711 High-Productivity Continuous Biofilm Reactor for Butanol Production....Pages 713-721 Measurement of Rheology of Distiller’s Grain Slurries Using a Helical Impeller Viscometer....Pages 723-732 Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation and Redesign of a Screw Conveyor Reactor....Pages 733-745 Production of Biodiesel Fuel by Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil....Pages 747-758 Front Matter....Pages 759-759 Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals— Past, Present, and Future....Pages 761-763 Front Matter....Pages 759-759 Origins of and Changes in the Symposium Series on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals....Pages 765-769 Optimization of Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel from Castor Oil in Organic Solvent Medium....Pages 771-780 Two-Step Preparation for Catalyst-Free Biodiesel Fuel Production....Pages 781-791 Biodiesel Fuel from Vegetable Oil by Various Supercritical Alcohols....Pages 793-801 Biobased Industrial Chemicals....Pages 805-806 Effects of Trace Contaminants on Catalytic Processing of Biomass-Derived Feedstocks....Pages 807-825 Characterization of Surfactin from Bacillus subtilis for Application as an Agent for Enhanced Oil Recovery....Pages 827-836 Effect of Germ and Fiber Removal on Production of Ethanol from Corn....Pages 837-842 Production of Fumaric Acid Using Rice Bran and Subsequent Conversion to Succinic Acid Through a Two-Step Process....Pages 843-855 Catalytic Hydrogenation of Glutamic Acid....Pages 857-869 Opportunities in the Industrial Biobased Products Industry....Pages 871-885 Continuous Production of Butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum Immobilized in a Fibrous Bed Bioreactor....Pages 887-898 Lipopeptide Surfactant Production by Bacillus subtilis Grown on Low-Cost Raw Materials....Pages 899-912 Higher-Alcohols Biorefinery....Pages 913-932 Biomass Pretreatment and Hydrolysis....Pages 935-936 Fermentation of “Quick Fiber” Produced from a Modified Corn-Milling Process into Ethanol and Recovery of Corn Fiber Oil....Pages 937-949 Ammonia Fiber Explosion Treatment of Corn Stover....Pages 951-963 Initial Evaluation of Simple Mass Transfer Models to Describe Hemicellulose Hydrolysis in Corn Stover....Pages 965-976 Impact of Fluid Velocity on Hot Water Only Pretreatment of Corn Stover in a Flowthrough Reactor....Pages 977-987 Combined Steam Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Starch-Free Wheat Fibers....Pages 989-1002 Front Matter....Pages 759-759 Application of Xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus IOC-4145 for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corncob and Sugarcane Bagasse....Pages 1003-1012 Predicted Effects of Mineral Neutralization and Bisulfate Formation on Hydrogen Ion Concentration for Dilute Sulfuric Acid Pretreatment....Pages 1013-1022 Enhancement of Enzymatic Digestibility of Recycled Newspaper by Addition of Surfactant in Ammonia-Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment....Pages 1023-1031 Study on Methane Fermentation and Production of Vitamin B 12 from Alcohol Waste Slurry....Pages 1033-1039 Comparison of Two Posthydrolysis Processes of Brewery’s Spent Grain Autohydrolysis Liquor to Produce a Pentose-Containing Culture Medium....Pages 1041-1058 Optimization of Brewery’s Spent Grain Dilute-Acid Hydrolysis for the Production of Pentose-Rich Culture Media....Pages 1059-1072 Comparison of Microbial Inhibition and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Rates of Liquid and Solid Fractions Produced from Pretreatment of Biomass with Carbonic Acid and Liquid Hot Water....Pages 1073-1086 Modeling of Carbonic Acid Pretreatment Process Using ASPEN-Plus®....Pages 1087-1102 Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Steam-Exploded Douglas Fir Wood by Alkali-Oxygen Post-treatment....Pages 1103-1114 Effects of Sugar Inhibition on Cellulases and β-Glucosidase During Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Softwood Substrates....Pages 1115-1126 Kinetics of Glucose Decomposition During Dilute-Acid Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass....Pages 1127-1138 Conversion of Distiller’s Grain into Fuel Alcohol and a Higher-Value Animal Feed by Dilute-Acid Pretreatment....Pages 1139-1159 Plant Biotechnology and Feedstock Genomics....Pages 1163-1165 Expression of UDP—Glucose Dehydrogenase Reduces Cell-Wall Polysaccharide Concentration and Increases Xylose Content in Alfalfa Stems....Pages 1167-1182 Effects of Ammonia Fiber Explosion Treatment on Activity of Endoglucanase from Acidothermus cellulolyticus in Transgenic Plant....Pages 1183-1191 Effects of Inoculum Conditions on Growth of Hairy Roots of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer....Pages 1193-1203 Microbial Pentose Metabolism....Pages 1207-1209 International Energy Agency—Bioenergy....Pages 1213-1214 Back Matter....Pages 1215-1223