Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications: Aldini/Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications

Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications critically evaluates the basic concepts and methodologies of conventional biomarkers as well as current state-of-the-art assays for measuring antioxidant activity/oxidative stress and their practical applications. . Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications will be of a great interest to scientists who are involved in basic research on oxidation, applied scientists evaluating the effects of nutraceuticals or pharmaceutical compounds on antioxidant activity/oxidative stress, and physicians who want to understand the degree of oxidative damage in patients with certain chronic diseases. Discovering sensitive and specific biomarkers for systemic oxidative damage is essential to understand the role of oxidative stress in human disease. Once these roles are clearly understood, we are able to identify novel drug and nutraceutical targets. This volume goes beyond conventional analytical methods of measuring overall antioxidant activity and provides insight to the discovery of biomarkers that reveal information on specific areas of oxidative stress. Contributed by an international list of experts, Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications describes both conventional biomarkers and recent developments in this area. Special Features: Discusses conventional biomarkers as well as recent advances for measuring antioxidants and oxidative stress Biomarkers for lipid peroxidation: isoprostane, hydroxyloctadecaenoic acid, oxysterols, and reactive carbonyl species from lipid peroxidation Biomarkers for protein oxidation: carbonylation, tyrosine oxidation, ubiquitin-conjugation Biomarkers for DNA oxidative damage: comet assay, hydroxylated nucleotides, and exocylcic DNA adducts Recently developed biomarkers from cutting-edge technology Content: Chapter 1 Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress: An Overview (pages 3–19): Kyung?Jin Yeum, Robert M. Russell and Giancarlo Aldini Chapter 2 Enzymatic Antioxidant Defenses (pages 21–33): Sayuri Miyamoto, Hirofumi Arai and Junji Terao Chapter 3 Antioxidants as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress (pages 35–49): Ikuyo Ichi and Shosuke Kojo Chapter 4 LDL Oxidation as a Biomarker of Antioxidant Status (pages 51–64): Mohsen Meydani, Eunhee Kong and Ashley Knight Chapter 5 The Isoprostanes: Accurate Markers and Potent Mediators of Oxidant Injury in Vivo (pages 65–84): Joshua D. Brooks, Brian E. Cox, Klarissa D. Hardy, Stephanie C. Sanchez, Sonia Tourino, Tyler H. Koestner, Jocelyn R. Hyman?Howard and Ginger L. Milne Chapter 6 Hydroxyoctadecadienoic Acid (HODE) as a Marker of Linoleic Acid Oxidation (pages 85–97): Yasukazu Yoshida and Etsuo Niki Chapter 7 Oxysterols: Potential Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress (pages 99–115): Luigi Iuliano and Ulf Diczfalusy Chapter 8 Lipid Peroxidation Originating ?,??unsaturated Aldehydes and Their Metabolites as Biomarkers (pages 117–135): Francoise Gueraud Chapter 9 Oxidative Modification of Proteins: An Overview (pages 137–156): Paul J. Thornalley and Naila Rabbani Chapter 10 Immunochemical Detection of Lipid Peroxidation?specific Epitopes (pages 157–171): Koji Uchida Chapter 11 Mass Spectrometric Strategies for Identification and Characterization of Carbonylated Peptides and Proteins (pages 173–197): Marina Carini and Marica Orioli Chapter 12 Nitrotyrosine: Quantitative Analysis, Mapping in Proteins, and Biological Significance (pages 199–218): Jose M. Souza, Silvina Bartesaghi, Gonzalo Peluffo and Rafael Radi Chapter 13 Ubiquitin Conjugates: A Sensitive Marker of Oxidative Stress (pages 219–228): Fu Shang and Allen Taylor Chapter 14 Covalent Modifications of Albumin Cys34 as a Biomarker of Mild Oxidative Stress (pages 229–241): Giancarlo Aldini, Kyung?Jin Yeum and Giulio Vistoli Chapter 15 Protein S?glutathionylation and S?cysteinylation (pages 243–259): Graziano Colombo, Aldo Milzani, Roberto Colombo and Isabella Dalle?Donne Chapter 16 DNA Oxidation, Antioxidant Effects, and DNA Repair Measured with the Comet Assay (pages 261–282): Maria Dusinska and Andrew R. Collins Chapter 17 Hydroxylated Nucleotides: Measurement and Utility as Biomarkers for DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Efficacy (pages 283–318): Phyllis E. Bowen Chapter 18 Exocyclic DNA Adducts as Biomarkers of Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Stress (pages 319–331): Roger W. L. Godschalk __Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications__ critically evaluates the basic concepts and methodologies of conventional biomarkers as well as current state-of-the-art assays for measuring antioxidant activity/oxidative stress and their practical applications. . __Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications__ will be of a great interest to scientists who are involved in basic research on oxidation, applied scientists evaluating the effects of nutraceuticals or pharmaceutical compounds on antioxidant activity/oxidative stress, and physicians who want to understand the degree of oxidative damage in patients with certain chronic diseases. Discovering sensitive and specific biomarkers for systemic oxidative damage is essential to understand the role of oxidative stress in human disease. Once these roles are clearly understood, we are able to identify novel drug and nutraceutical targets. This volume goes beyond conventional analytical methods of measuring overall antioxidant activity and provides insight to the discovery of biomarkers that reveal information on specific areas of oxidative stress. Contributed by an international list of experts, __Biomarkers for Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Damage: Principles and Practical Applications__ describes both conventional biomarkers and recent developments in this area. Special Features: * Discusses conventional biomarkers as well as recent advances for measuring antioxidants and oxidative stress * Biomarkers for lipid peroxidation: isoprostane, hydroxyloctadecaenoic acid, oxysterols, and reactive carbonyl species from lipid peroxidation * Biomarkers for protein oxidation: carbonylation, tyrosine oxidation, ubiquitin-conjugation * Biomarkers for DNA oxidative damage: comet assay, hydroxylated nucleotides, and exocylcic DNA adducts * Recently developed biomarkers from cutting-edge technology Content: Chapter 1 Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress: An Overview (pages 3–19): Kyung?Jin Yeum, Robert M. Russell and Giancarlo AldiniChapter 2 Enzymatic Antioxidant Defenses (pages 21–33): Sayuri Miyamoto, Hirofumi Arai and Junji TeraoChapter 3 Antioxidants as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress (pages 35–49): Ikuyo Ichi and Shosuke KojoChapter 4 LDL Oxidation as a Biomarker of Antioxidant Status (pages 51–64): Mohsen Meydani, Eunhee Kong and Ashley KnightChapter 5 The Isoprostanes: Accurate Markers and Potent Mediators of Oxidant Injury in Vivo (pages 65–84): Joshua D. Brooks, Brian E. Cox, Klarissa D. Hardy, Stephanie C. Sanchez, Sonia Tourino, Tyler H. Koestner, Jocelyn R. Hyman?Howard and Ginger L. MilneChapter 6 Hydroxyoctadecadienoic Acid (HODE) as a Marker of Linoleic Acid Oxidation (pages 85–97): Yasukazu Yoshida and Etsuo NikiChapter 7 Oxysterols: Potential Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress (pages 99–115): Luigi Iuliano and Ulf DiczfalusyChapter 8 Lipid Peroxidation Originating ?,??unsaturated Aldehydes and Their Metabolites as Biomarkers (pages 117–135): Francoise GueraudChapter 9 Oxidative Modification of Proteins: An Overview (pages 137–156): Paul J. Thornalley and Naila RabbaniChapter 10 Immunochemical Detection of Lipid Peroxidation?specific Epitopes (pages 157–171): Koji UchidaChapter 11 Mass Spectrometric Strategies for Identification and Characterization of Carbonylated Peptides and Proteins (pages 173–197): Marina Carini and Marica OrioliChapter 12 Nitrotyrosine: Quantitative Analysis, Mapping in Proteins, and Biological Significance (pages 199–218): Jose M. Souza, Silvina Bartesaghi, Gonzalo Peluffo and Rafael RadiChapter 13 Ubiquitin Conjugates: A Sensitive Marker of Oxidative Stress (pages 219–228): Fu Shang and Allen TaylorChapter 14 Covalent Modifications of Albumin Cys34 as a Biomarker of Mild Oxidative Stress (pages 229–241): Giancarlo Aldini, Kyung?Jin Yeum and Giulio VistoliChapter 15 Protein S?glutathionylation and S?cysteinylation (pages 243–259): Graziano Colombo, Aldo Milzani, Roberto Colombo and Isabella Dalle?DonneChapter 16 DNA Oxidation, Antioxidant Effects, and DNA Repair Measured with the Comet Assay (pages 261–282): Maria Dusinska and Andrew R. CollinsChapter 17 Hydroxylated Nucleotides: Measurement and Utility as Biomarkers for DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Efficacy (pages 283–318): Phyllis E. BowenChapter 18 Exocyclic DNA Adducts as Biomarkers of Antioxidant Defense and Oxidative Stress (pages 319–331): Roger W. L. Godschalk Antioxidant activity and oxidative stress : an overview / Kyung-Jin Yeum, Robert M. Russell, and Giancarlo Aldini Enzymatic antioxidant defenses / Sayuri Miyamoto, Hirofumi Arai, and Junji Terao Antioxidant as biomarkers of oxidative stress / Ikuyo Ichi and Shosuke Kojo LDL oxidation as a biomarker of antioxidant status / Mohsen Meydani, EunHee Kong, and Ashley Knight The isoprotanes : accurate markers and potent mediators of oxidant injury in vivo / Joshua D. Brooks ... [et al.] Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE) as a marker of linoleic acid oxidation / Yasukazu Yoshida and Etsuo Niki Oxysterols : potential biomarkers of oxidative stress / Luigi Iuliano and Ulf Diczfalusy Lipid peroxidatin originating unsaturated aldehydes and their metabolites as biomarkers / Françoise Guéraud Oxidation modification of proteins : an overview / Paul J. Thornalley and Naila Rabbani Immunochemical detection of lipid peroxidation-specific epitopes / Koji Uchida Mass spectrometric strategies for identification and characterization of cabonylated peptides and proteins / Marina Carini and Marcia Orioli Nitrotyrosine : quantitative analysis, mapping in proteins, and biological significance / José Souza ... [et al.] Ubiquitin conjugates : a sensitive marker of oxidative stress / Fu Shang and Allen Taylor Covalent modifications of albumin cys34 as a biomarker of mild oxidative stress / Giancarlo Aldini, Kyung-Jin Yeum, and Giulio Vistoli Protein S-glutathionilation and S-cysteinilation / Graziano Colombo ... [et al.] DNA oxidation, antioxidant effects, and DNA repair measured with the comet assay / Mária Duinšká and Andrew R. Collins Hydroxylated nucleotides : measurement and utility as biomarkers of DNA damage, oxidative stress, and antioxidant efficacy / Phyllis E. Bowen Exocylic DNA adducts as biomarkers of antioxidant defense and oxidative stress / Roger W.L. Godschalk.