Bioluminescence: Fundamentals and Applications in Biotechnology - Volume 1 (Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology Book 144)

This Book Review Series Presents Current Trends In Modern Biotechnology. The Aim Is To Cover All Aspects Of This Interdisciplinary Technology Where Knowledge, Methods And Expertise Are Required From Chemistry, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Genetics, Chemical Engineering And Computer Science. Volumes Are Organized Topically And Provide A Comprehensive Discussion Of Developments In The Respective Field Over The Past 3-5 Years. The Series Also Discusses New Discoveries And Applications. Special Volumes Are Dedicated To Selected Topics Which Focus On New Biotechnological Products And New Processes For Their Synthesis And Purification. In General, Special Volumes Are Edited By Well-known Guest Editors. The Series Editor And Publisher Will However Always Be Pleased To Receive Suggestions And Supplementary Information. Manuscripts Are Accepted In English. Edited By Gérald Thouand, Robert Marks. Contents 6 Part IFundamentals of Bioluminescence 7 1 Eco-Evo Bioluminescence on Land and in the Sea 8 Abstract 8 1...Introduction 9 2...Function of Bioluminescence 9 2.1 Self-defense 9 2.2 Light Organ Lure 15 2.3 Intraspecific Communication 17 2.4 Camouflage 17 2.5 Searchlight 18 2.6 Functionless Bioluminescence 19 3...Terrestrial Taxa 19 3.1 On Land 19 3.2 In the Air 21 3.3 Underground: Why in Soil? 22 3.4 Fresh Water: Why so Rare? 22 4...Marine Taxa 24 4.1 Intertidal Zone 24 4.2 Coastal Water 26 4.2.1 Cypridinid Luciferin 26 4.3 Midwater: Why so Species-Rich? 28 4.3.1 Symbiotic Luminescence 28 4.3.2 Coelenterazine 29 4.4 Deep-Sea Benthos 31 5...Conclusion 32 6...Perspectives 33 Acknowledgments 34 References 34 2 Biochemistry and Genetics of Bacterial Bioluminescence 42 Abstract 42 1...Introduction 43 2...Species of Luminous Bacteria 44 3...Biochemistry of Bacterial Luminescence 47 4...Bacterial lux Genes 48 5...Regulation of lux Operon Expression 52 6...Origin and Function of Luminescence in Bacteria 56 7...Outlook 58 References 58 Part IIApplications of Bioluminescence inEnvironment and Security 70 3 Application of Enzyme Bioluminescence in Ecology 71 Abstract 71 1...Introduction 73 2...Principles of Bioluminescent Enzymatic Bioassays 75 2.1 The Bioassays Based on the Bacterial Coupled Enzyme System: NADH:FMN-Oxidoreductase-Luciferase 75 2.2 Enzymatic Reagents for Bioluminescent Analysis 79 2.2.1 Ways to Obtain Stable Enzyme Preparations 79 2.2.2 Design of the Reagent Enzymolum and the Procedure of Toxicological Bioassay with Increased Sensitivity to Pollutants 82 Varying the Composition of the Immobilized Reagent 82 Varying the Order of Components Added to the Reaction Mixture 84 Incubating Enzymes in the Test Solutions 85 Comparing Sensitivity of Soluble and Multicomponent Immobilized Coupled Enzyme System NADH:FMN-Oxidoreductase-Luciferase 86 2.3 Biotesting Natural and Waste Waters Using the Soluble and Immobilized Coupled Enzyme System NADH: FMN-Oxidoreductase-Luciferase 87 2.4 The Reagent ‘‘Enzymolum’’ in Toxicological Bioassay of Air 89 2.5 Signal System of Enzymatic Assays: Methodological Aspects 90 2.6 How to Design New Bioluminescent Enzymatic Bioassays 91 2.7 Signal System of Enzymatic Methods for Toxicological Bioassay of Natural and Laboratory Aquatic Ecosystems 95 2.7.1 Dynamics of the Pond Ecosystem and the Microecosystem Components and the Bioassay Data 95 2.7.2 Bioluminescent Control for Blooming Water 99 2.8 Signal System of Enzymatic Assays for Toxicological Bioassay of Pesticides 103 3...Summary 107 Acknowledgments 109 References 109 4 Detection of Organic Compounds with Whole-Cell Bioluminescent Bioassays 114 Abstract 114 1...Introduction 116 2...Detection of Organic Compounds Using Bacterial Bioluminescent Assays 117 2.1 Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene 118 2.2 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 123 2.3 Alkane Aliphatic Hydrocarbons 125 2.4 Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons 127 2.5 Biphenyl and Polychlorinated Biphenyls 128 2.6 Phenol and Derivatives 130 3...Evaluation of Organic Toxicant-Induced Health Risks Using Eukaryotic Cell-Based Bioluminescent Assays 132 3.1 Bioassays for Dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds 133 3.2 Bioassays for Hormonally Active Chemicals 138 3.3 Environmental Applications 142 4...Conclusions 144 References 145 Part IIIApplications of Bioluminescencein Agriculture and Bioprocess 155 5 Detection of Bacteria with Bioluminescent Reporter Bacteriophage 156 Abstract 156 1...Introduction 157 2...Bioluminescence as Reporter System 159 3...Principles of Reporter Bacteriophage Construction and Use 160 4...Specific Bioluminescent Reporter Phages 163 4.1 Antibiotic Resistance 167 4.2 Combination of Bioluminescent Reporter Phages with Other Technologies 167 5...Summary, Conclusions, and Outlook 168 References 168 Part IVApplications of Bioluminescencein Health 173 6 Application of Enzyme Bioluminescence for Medical Diagnostics 174 Abstract 174 1...Introduction 175 2...Immunoassay: State-of-the-Art 176 2.1 Luciferases as Labels for Immunoassay 178 3...Nucleic Acid Hybridization Assay Based on Bioluminescent Reporters 182 3.1 Bioluminescent Assay of Infectious Agents 184 3.2 Bioluminescent Assay in Oncology Diagnostics 186 4...Multianalytical Bioluminescent Assay 188 5...Bioluminescent Binding Assay in Homogeneous Format 191 6...Summary, Conclusions, and Outlook 192 References 193 Index 197 Front Matter....Pages i-v Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Eco-Evo Bioluminescence on Land and in the Sea....Pages 3-36 Biochemistry and Genetics of Bacterial Bioluminescence....Pages 37-64 Front Matter....Pages 65-65 Application of Enzyme Bioluminescence in Ecology....Pages 67-109 Detection of Organic Compounds with Whole-Cell Bioluminescent Bioassays....Pages 111-151 Front Matter....Pages 153-153 Detection of Bacteria with Bioluminescent Reporter Bacteriophage....Pages 155-171 Front Matter....Pages 173-173 Application of Enzyme Bioluminescence for Medical Diagnostics....Pages 175-197 Back Matter....Pages 199-206