Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives (CRC Marine Biology Series)

Virtually every area of research associated with sharks and their relatives has been strongly impacted by the revolutionary growth in technology. The questions we can now ask are very different than those reported even two decades ago. Modern immunological and genetic techniques, satellite telemetry and archival tagging, modern phylogenetic analysis, GIS, and bomb dating, are just a few of the techniques and procedures that have become a part of our investigative lexicon.A modern synthesis of the biology of Chondrichthyans, Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, Second Edition discusses significant advances in the development and application of new molecular techniques to the understanding of the phylogenetic relationships among and between these groups. The book considers the effect of global changes on the status of sharks and their relatives, and how advances in technology and analytical techniques have changed not only how we approach problem solving and scientific investigations, but how we formulate questions. The book also introduces applications of new and novel laboratory devices, techniques, and field instruments.This second edition of the award winning and groundbreaking original exploration of the fundamental elements of the taxonomy, systematics, physiology, and ecology of sharks, skates, rays, and chimera, presents cohesive and integrated coverage of key topics and discusses technological advances used in modern shark research. Offering a well-rounded picture for students and researchers, and far above competitors in scope and research, this new volume holds a wealth of data on the current status of Chondrichthyan research and provides the basis and springboard for original research.Cover photo by Justin Gilligan.. Phylogeny and Zoogeography The Origin and Relationships of Early Chondrichthyans Eileen D. Grogan, Richard Lund, and Emily Greenfest-Allen Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species Gavin J.P. Naylor, Janine N. Caira, Kirsten Jensen, Kerri A.M. Rosana, Nicolas Straube, and Clemens Lakner Phylogeny of Batoidea Neil C. Aschliman, Kerin M. Claeson, and John D. McEachran Phylogeny, Biology, and Classification of Extant Holocephalans Dominique A. Didier, Jenny M. Kemper, and David A. Ebert Form, Function, and Physiological Processes Biomechanics of Locomotion in Sharks, Rays, and Chimeras Anabela M.R. Maia, Cheryl A.D. Wilga, and George V. Lauder Prey Capture Behavior and Feeding Mechanics of Elasmobranchs Philip J. Motta and Daniel R. Huber Energetics, Metabolism, and Endothermy in Sharks and Rays Diego Bernal, John K. Carlson, Kenneth J. Goldman, and Christopher G. Lowe Food Consumption and Feeding Habits Bradley M. Wetherbee, Enric Cortes, and Joseph J. Bizzarro Integrative Multisensor Tagging: Emerging Techniques to Link Elasmobranch Behavior, Physiology, and Ecology Nicholas M. Whitney, Yannis P. Papastamatiou, Adrian C. Gleiss Reproductive Biology of Elasmobranchs Christina L. Conrath and John A. Musick Hormonal Regulation of Elasmobranch Physiology James Gelsleichter and Andrew N. Evans Sensory Physiology and Behavior of Elasmobranchs Jayne M. Gardiner, Robert E. Hueter, Karen P. Maruska, Joseph A. Sisneros, Brandon M. Casper, David A. Mann, Leo S. Demski Recent Advances in Elasmobranch Immunology Carl A. Luer, Catherine J. Walsh, and Ashby B. Bodine Ecology and Life History Assessing the Age and Growth of Chondrichthyan Fishes Kenneth J. Goldman, Gregor M. Cailliet, Allen H. Andrews, and Lisa J. Natanson Population Dynamics, Demography, and Stock Assessment Enric Cortes, Elizabeth N. Brooks, and Todd Gedamke Genetics of Sharks, Skates, and Rays Edward J. Heist Predator-Prey Interactions Michael R. Heithaus and Jeremy J. Vaudo An Updated Look at Elasmobranchs as Hosts of Metazoan Parasites Janine N. Caira, Claire J. Healy, and Kirsten Jensen Assessing Habitat Use and Movement Colin A. Simpfendorfer and Michelle R. Heupel Index Front Cover 1 Dedication 6 Contents 8 Preface 10 Acknowledgments 12 Editors 14 Contributors 16 Section I: Phylogeny and Zoogeography 18 1. The Origin and Relationships of Early Chondrichthyans 20 2. Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species 48 3. Phylogeny of Batoidea 74 4. Phylogeny, Biology, and Classification of Extant Holocephalans 114 Section II: Form, Function, and Physiological Processes 140 5. Biomechanics of Locomotion in Sharks, Rays, and Chimeras 142 6. Prey Capture Behavior and Feeding Mechanics of Elasmobranchs 170 7. Energetics, Metabolism, and Endothermy in Sharks and Rays 228 8. Food Consumption and Feeding Habits 256 9. Integrative Multisensor Tagging: Emerging Techniques to Link Elasmobranch Behavior, Physiology, and Ecology 282 10. Reproductive Biology of Elasmobranchs 308 11. Hormonal Regulation of Elasmobranch Physiology 330 12. Sensory Physiology and Behavior of Elasmobranchs 366 13. Recent Advances in Elasmobranch Immunology 420 Section III: Ecology and Life History 438 14. Assessing the Age and Growth of Chondrichthyan Fishes 440 15. Population Dynamics, Demography, and Stock Assessment 470 16. Genetics of Sharks, Skates, and Rays 504 17. Predator–Prey Interactions 522 18. An Updated Look at Elasmobranchs as Hosts of Metazoan Parasites 564 19. Assessing Habitat Use and Movement 596 Virtually every area of research associated with sharks and their relatives has been strongly impacted by the revolutionary growth in technology. The questions we can now ask are very different than those reported even two decades ago. Modern immunological and genetic techniques, satellite telemetry and archival tagging, modern phylogenetic analysis, GIS, and bomb dating, are just a few of the techniques and procedures that have become a part of our investigative lexicon. A modern synthesis of the biology of Chondrichthyans, Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, Second Edition discusses signi Winner of Choice Magazine‘s Outstanding Academic Title award, January 2005! Sharks and their relatives are the subjects of tremendous interest. The public‘s fascination is influenced by their roles in movies and popular literature, while the media races to cover stories of predators endangering helpless humans. The alarming threat to shark popul This book brings together the latest information on the phylogeny, physiology, behavior and ecology on sharks and their relatives, the skates and rays