Biodiversity Loss and Conservation in Fragmented Forest Landscapes : The Forests of Montane Mexico and Temperate South America

This book is the result of an international collaborative research effort focusing on the tropical montane forests of Mexico and the temperate rain forests of southern South America. The over-all aim of the research was to investigate the impact of human activity on the key processes influencing biodiversity in fragmented forest landscapes, and to use the research results to develop practical tools for evaluating land use decisions, thereby indicating how sustainable forest management might be achieved in practice. Available In Print Chapter: 1 (Page no: 1) Introduction. Author(s): Newton, A. C. Chapter: 2 (Page no: 14) Spatial and temporal patterns of forest loss and fragmentation in Mexico and Chile. Author(s): Echeverría, C. Cayuela, L. Manson, R. H. Coomes, D. A. Lara, A. Rey-Benayas, J. M. Newton, A. C. Chapter: 3 (Page no: 43) Plant diversity in highly fragmented forest landscapes in Mexico and Chile: implications for conservation. Author(s): Rey-Benayas, J. M. Cayuela, L. González-Espinosa, M. Echeverría, C. Manson, R. H. Williams-Linera, G. Castillo, R. F. del Ramírez-Marcial, N. Muñiz-Castro, M. A. Blanco-Macías, A. Lara, A. Newton, A. C. Chapter: 4 (Page no: 69) Fragmentation and edge effects on plant-animal interactions, ecological processes and biodiversity. Author(s): López-Barrera, F. Armesto, J. J. Williams-Linera, G. Smith-Ramírez, C. Manson, R. H. Chapter: 5 (Page no: 102) Habitat fragmentation and reproductive ecology of Embothrium coccineum, Eucryphia cordifolia and Aextoxicon punctatum in southern temperate rainforests. Author(s): Smith-Ramírez, C. Rovere, A. E. Núñez-Ávila, M. C. Armesto, J. J. Chapter: 6 (Page no: 120) Patterns of genetic variation in tree species and their implications for conservation. Author(s): Premoli, A. C. Castillo, R. F. del Newton, A. C. Bekessy, S. Caldiz, M. Martínez-Araneda, C. Mathiasen, P. Núñez-Ávila, M. C. Quiroga, P. Souto, C. Trujillo-Argueta, S. Chapter: 7 (Page no: 158) Secondary succession under a slash-and-burn regime in a tropical montane cloud forest: soil and vegetation characteristics. Author(s): Castillo, R. F. del Blanco-Macías, A. Chapter: 8 (Page no: 181) The impact of logging and secondary succession on the below-ground system of a cloud forest in Mexico. Author(s): Negrete-Yankelevich, S. Fragoso, C. Newton, A. C. Chapter: 9 (Page no: 200) Applying succession models to the conservation of tropical montane forest. Author(s): Golicher, D. Newton, A. C. Chapter: 10 (Page no: 223) Models of regional and local stand composition and dynamics of pine-oak forests in the Central Highlands of Chiapas (Mexico): theoretical and management implications. Author(s): Zavala, M. A. Galindo-Jaimes, L. González-Espinosa, M. Chapter: 11 (Page no: 244) Process-based modelling of regeneration dynamics and sustainable use in species-rich rainforests. Author(s): Rüger, N. Armesto, J. J. Gutiérrez, A. G. Williams-Linera, G. Huth, A. Chapter: 12 (Page no: 276) Testing forest biodiversity indicators by assessing anthropogenic impacts along disturbance gradients. Author(s): Newton, A. C. Echeverría, C. González-Espinosa, M. Williams-Linera, G. Ramírez-Marcial, N. Thiers, O. Armesto, J. J. Aravena, J. C. Lara, A. Chapter: 13 (Page no: 291) Fire challenges to conserving tropical ecosystems: the case study of Chiapas. Author(s): Román-Cuesta, R. M. Retana, J. Gracia, M. Chapter: 14 (Page no: 314) Identification of priority areas for conservation in south-central Chile. Author(s): Wilson, K. A. Newton, A. C. Chapter: 15 (Page no: 335) Restoration of forest ecosystems in fragmented landscapes of temperate and montane tropical Latin America. Author(s): González-Espinosa, M. Ramírez-Marcial, N. Newton, A. C. Rey-Benayas, J. M. Camacho-Cruz, A. Armesto, J. J. Lara, A. Premoli, A. C. Williams-Linera, G. Altamirano, A. Alvarez-Aquino, C. Cortés, M. Echeverría, C. Galindo-Jaimes, L. Muñiz-Castro, M. A. Núñez-Ávila, M. C. Pedraza, R. A. Rovere, A. E. Smith-Ramírez, C. Thiers, O. Zamorano, C. Chapter: 16 (Page no: 370) Future scenarios for tropical montane and south temperate forest biodiversity in Latin America. Author(s): Miles, L. Newton, A. C. Alvarez-Aquino, C. Armesto, J. J. Castillo, R. F. del Cayuela, L. Echeverría, C. González-Espinosa, M. Lara, A. López-Barrera, F. Manson, R. H. Montoya-Gómez, G. Muñiz-Castro, M. A. Núñez-Ávila, M. C. Pedraza, R. A. Rey-Benayas, J. M. Rovere, A. E. Rüger, N. Smith-Ramírez, C. Souto, C. Williams-Linera, G. Spatial And Temporal Patterns Of Forest Loss And Fragmentation In Mexico And Chile / C. Echeverria...[et Al.] -- Plant Diversity In Highly Fragmented Forest Landscapes In Mexico And Chile: Implications For Conservation / J.m. Rey-benayas...[et Al.] -- Fragmentation And Edge Effects On Plant-animal Interactions, Ecological Processes And Biodiversity / F. Lopez-barrera...[et Al.] -- Habitat Fragmentation And Reproductive Ecology Of Embothrium Coccineum, Eucryphia Cordifolia And Aextoxicon Punctatum In Southern Temperate Rainforests / C. Smith-ram¡rez...[et Al.] -- Patterns Of Genetic Variation In Tree Species And Their Implications For Conservation / A.c. Premoli...[et Al.] -- Secondary Succession Under A Slash-and-burn Regime In A Tropical Montane Cloud Forest: Soil And Vegetation Characteristics / R.f. Del Castillo And A. Blanco-mac¡as --^ ^^ The Impact Of Logging And Secondary Succession On The Below-ground System Of A Cloud Forest In Mexico / S. Negrete-yankelevich, C. Fragoso And A.c. Newton -- Applying Succession Models To The Conservation Of Tropical Montane Forest / D. Golicher And A.c. Newton -- Models Of Regional And Local Stand Composition And Dynamics Of Pine-oak Forests In The Central Highlands Of Chiapas (mexico): Theoretical And Management Implications / M.a. Zavala, L. Galindo-jaimes And M. Gonzalez-espinosa -- Process-based Modelling Of Regeneration Dynamics And Sustainable Use In Species-rich Rainforests / N. Ruger ...[et Al.] -- Testing Forest Biodiversity Indicators By Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts Along Disturbance Gradients / A.c. Newton...[et Al.] -- Fire Challenges To Conserving Tropical Ecosystems: The Case Study Of Chiapas / R.m. Roman-cuesta, J. Retana And M. Gracia -- Identification Of Priority Areas For Conservation In South Central Chile / K.a. Wilson And A.c. Newton --^ ^^ Restoration Of Forest Ecosystems In Fragmented Landscapes Of Temperate And Montane Tropical Latin America / M. Gonzalez-espinosa...[et Al.] -- Future Scenarios For Tropical Montane And South Temperate Forest Biodiversity In Latin America / L. Miles...[et Al.] Edited By A.c. Newton. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Spatial and temporal patterns of forest loss and fragmentation in Mexico and Chile / C. Echeverría ... [et al.] Plant diversity in highly fragmented forest landscapes in Mexico and Chile : implications for conservation / J.M. Rey-Benayas ... [et al.] Fragmentation and edge effects on plant-animal interactions, ecological processes, and biodiversity / F. López-Barrera ... [et al.] Habitat fragmentation and reproductive ecology of Embothrium coccineum, Eucryphia cordifolia, and Aextoxicon punctatum in southern temperate rain forests / C. Smith-Ramírez ... [et al.] Patterns of genetic variation in tree species and their implications for conservation / A.C. Premoli ... [et al.] Secondary succession under a slash-and-burn regime in a tropical montane cloud forest : soil and vegetation characteristics / R.F. del Castillo and A. Blanco-Macías The impact of logging and secondary succession on the below-ground system of a cloud forest in Mexico / S. Negrete-Yankelevich, C. Fragoso, and A.C. Newton Applying succession models to the conservation of tropical montane forest / D. Golicher and A.C. Newton Models of regional and local stand composition and dynamics of pine-oak forests in the Central Highlands of Chiapas (Mexico) : theoretical and management implications / M.A. Zavala, L. Galindo-Jaimes, and M. González-Espinosa Process-based modelling of regeneration dynamics and sustainable use in species-rich rain forests / N. Roger ... [et al.] Testing forest biodiversity indicators by assessing anthropogenic impacts along disturbance gradients / A.C. Newton ... [et al.] Fire challenges to conserving tropical ecosystems : the case study of Chiapas / R.M. Román-Cuesta, J. Retana, and M. Gracia Identification of priority areas for conservation in south central Chile / K.A. Wilson and A.C. Newton Restoration of forest ecosystems in fragmented landscapes of temperate and montane tropical Latin America / M. González-Espinosa ... [et al.] Future scenarios for tropical montane and south temperate forest biodiversity in Latin America / L. Miles ... [et al.]. Contents 6 Contributors 10 Preface 14 1. Introduction 18 2. Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Forest Loss and Fragmentation in Mexico and Chile 31 3. Plant Diversity in Highly Fragmented Forest Landscapes in Mexico and Chile: Implications for Conservation 60 4. Fragmentation and Edge Effects on Plant–Animal Interactions, Ecological Processes and Biodiversity 86 5. Habitat Fragmentation and Reproductive Ecology of Embothrium coccineum, Eucryphia cordifolia and Aextoxicon punctatum in Southern Temperate Rainforests 119 6. Patterns of Genetic Variation in Tree Species and their Implications for Conservation 137 7. Secondary Succession under a Slash-and-burn Regime in a Tropical Montane Cloud Forest: Soil and Vegetation Characteristics 175 8. The Impact of Logging and Secondary Succession on the Below-ground System of a Cloud Forest in Mexico 198 9. Applying Succession Models to the Conservation of Tropical Montane Forest 217 10. Models of Regional and Local Stand Composition and Dynamics of Pine–Oak Forests in the Central Highlands of Chiapas (Mexico): Theoretical and Management Implications 240 11. Process-based Modelling of Regeneration Dynamics and Sustainable Use in Species-rich Rainforests 261 12. Testing Forest Biodiversity Indicators by Assessing Anthropogenic Impacts along Disturbance Gradients 293 13. Fire Challenges to Conserving Tropical Ecosystems: the Case Study of Chiapas 308 14. Identification of Priority Areas for Conservation in South-central Chile 331 15. Restoration of Forest Ecosystems in Fragmented Landscapes of Temperate and Montane Tropical Latin America 352 16. Future Scenarios for Tropical Montane and South Temperate Forest Biodiversity in Latin America 387 17. Synthesis 415 Index 424 A 424 B 424 C 425 D 425 E 426 F 426 G 427 H 427 I 428 J 428 K 428 L 428 M 428 N 429 O 429 P 430 Q 431 R 431 S 431 T 432 U 433 V 433 W 433 Z 433

Increasing concern surrounding the loss of natural forests and the decline in biodiversity has lead to a rise in research and policy initiatives. However, interest has focused primarily on lowland tropical rainforests. Tropical montane and temperate rainforests, which face similar pressures from human activities and play major roles in the livelihood of rural communities, are often ignored.

Biodiversity Loss and Conservation in Fragmented Forest Landscapes is the product of over 10 years of intensive field research into the changing montane and temperate rainforests of Mexico and South America. By concentrating on these largely overlooked environments, the studies reported allow for comparative analysis across areas and help identify how human disturbance has impacted the biodiversity of all forest types. Chapters incorporate features of landscape ecology, floristic biodiversity, conservation and policy and vary from in-depth investigations of a single study area to integrated examinations across regions.

Increasing concern surrounding the loss of natural forests and the decline in biodiversity has lead to a rise in research and policy initiatives in recent years. However, interest has focused primarily on lowland tropical rainforests. Tropical montane and temperate rainforests, which face similar pressures from human activities and play major roles in the livelihood of rural communities, are often ignored. Biodiversity Loss and Conservation in Fragmented Forest Landscapes is the product of over 10 years of intensive field research into the changing montane and temperate rainforests of Mexico and South America. By concentrating on these largely overlooked environments, the studies reported allow for comparative analysis across areas and help identify how human disturbance has impacted the biodiversity of all forest types. Chapters incorporate features of landscape ecology, floristic biodiversity, conservation and policy and vary from in-depth investigations of a single study area to integrated examinations across regions. "The widespread loss and degradation of natural forests is now recognized as a major cause of biodiversity loss, and is consequently attracting increasing international concern. However, much of this concern has focused on lowland tropical rainforests. Tropical montane and temperate rainforests, which face similar pressures from human activities, have received relatively little attention. This integrated overview of a decade of research into these forest types provides insights into the impact of human disturbance on forest biodiversity."--BOOK JACKET