Biochemistry and Its Application

Biochemistry is the foundation for solving the complexity of life on earth. All living organisms on earth contains nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes and hormones that are crucial for survival. Biochemistry plays essential role in understanding the mechanism, action and regulation of biomolecules in different metabolic pathways. Several analytical techniques are reported to characterize, analyse and quantify the biomolecules present in living organism. This book covers the diversity of biomolecules present in living organisms, their characterization techniques, clinical biochemistry and genetic information transfer process. This book has been designed to suit the knowledge and pursuit of the researcher and scholars and to empower them with various aspects of biochemistry so that they are updated with the information. Cover Half Title Biochemistry and Its Application Copyright About the Editor Table of Contents List of Figures List of Abbreviations Glossary Preface 1. Introduction to Biochemistry Contents 1.1. Introduction 1.2. The Foundations of Biochemistry 1.3. An Introduction to Enzymes 1.4. Carbohydrates and Glycobiology 1.5. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins 1.6. Hormones 1.7. Conclusion References 2. Biosynthesis and Immunochemical techniques Contents 2.1. Introduction to Biosynthesis 2.2. The Biosynthesis of Cell Constituents 2.3. Biosynthesis of Sulfur-Containing Small Biomolecules in Plants 2.4. Biosynthesis of Volatile Plant Secondary Metabolites and Its Interconnection with Primary Metabolism 2.5. Flavonoid Biosynthesis 2.6. Immunochemical Techniques 2.7. Principles of Immunochemical Techniques Used in Clinical Laboratories 2.8. Conclusion References 3. Genetic Information Transfer Contents 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Transformation 3.3. Transduction 3.4. Conjugation 3.5. Genetic Information In Microbes 3.6. Transcription / DNA Transcription 3.7. Translation 3.8. The Steps of Translation 3.9. Genetic Information Transfer Promotes Cooperation in Bacteria 3.10. Cellular Organization of the Transfer of Genetic Information 3.11. The Flow of Genetic Information 3.12. Horizontal Gene Transfer 3.13. Conclusion References 4. Chromatography and Biochemistry Contents 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Principles of Chromatography 4.3. Performance Parameters Used in Chromatography 4.4. Chromatography Equipment 4.5. Modes of Chromatography 4.6. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 4.7. Membrane-Based Chromatography Systems 4.8. Chromatography of a Sample Protein 4.9. Conclusion References 5. Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopic Techniques Contents 5.1. Introduction to Mass Spectrometry 5.2. Principles of Mass Spectrometry 5.3. Uses of Mass Spectrometry in Biochemistry 5.4. Mass Spectrometry of Proteins/Peptides 5.5. Introduction to Spectroscopic Techniques 5.6. Fluorescence Spectroscopy 5.7. Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy 5.8. Infrared Spectroscopy 5.9. Spectroscopic Techniques Using Plane-Polarized Light 5.10. Conclusion References 6. Principles of Clinical Biochemistry Contents 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Principles of Clinical Biochemical Analysis 6.3. Clinical Measurements and Quality Control 6.4. Examples of Biochemical Aids to Clinical Diagnosis 6.5. Conclusion References 7. Spectroscopy Techniques in Biochemistry Contents 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation 7.3. Interaction with Matter 7.4. Lasers 7.5. Ultraviolet and Visible Light Spectroscopy 7.6. Principles 7.7. Instrumentation 7.8. Applications 7.9. Instrumentation 7.10. Applications 7.11. Conclusion References 8. Biochemistry of Lipids Contents 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Diversity in Lipid Structure 8.3. Properties of Lipids In Solution 8.4. Engineering of Membrane Lipid Composition 8.5. Role of Lipids in Cell Function 8.6. Lipid Metabolism in Plants 8.7. Plant Lipid Geography 8.8. Future Directions of Lipids 8.9. Conclusion References Index Cover back