خیانت: کلیساهای آلمان و هولوکاست

Important and insightful essays provide a penetrating assessment of Christian responses in the Nazi era. What Was Crucifixion? Why Was Jesus Of Nazareth Executed And What Really Happened? Gerard Sloyan Begins With History And Traces The Development Of The New Testament Accounts Of Jesus' Death. He Shows How Jesus' Death Came To Be Seen As Sacrificial And How The Evolving Understandings Of Jesus' Death Affected Those Who Suffered Most From It - The Jews. He Then Traces The Emergence And Development - In Theology, Liturgy, Literature, Art - Of The Conviction That Jesus' Death Was Redemptive, As Seen Both In Soteriological Theory From Tertullian To Anselm, In The Reformation And Modern Eras, And In More Popular Religious Responses To The Crucifixion. Especially Fascinating Is The Story Of The Emergence Of A Distinct Passion Piety That Still Characterizes The West. In All This Sloyan Detects The Separation Of The Cross From Jesus' Life And Resurrection, Allowing The Mythicizing Of An Event Too Large For Mere Words To Handle: The Mystery Of The Cross.--book Jacket. Assessing The Heritage: German Protestant Theologians, Nazis, And The Jewish Question / Robert P. Ericksen -- Storm Troopers Of Christ: The German Christian Movement And The Ecclesiastical Final Solution / Doris L. Bergen -- When Jesus Was An Aryan: The Protestant Church And Antisemitic Propaganda / Susannah Heschel -- The Confessing Church And Antisemitism: Protestant Identity, German Nationhood, And The Exclusion Of Jews / Shelley Baranowski -- Dietrich Bonhoeffer And Hitler's Persecution Of The Jews / Kenneth C. Barnes. Pius Xii, The Jews, And The German Catholic Church / Guenter Lewy -- Joseph Lortz And A Catholic Accommodation With National Socialism / Michael B. Lukens -- Post-holocaust Theology: German Theological Responses Since 1945 / Micha Brumlik. Edited By Robert P. Ericksen & Susannah Heschel. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 189-219) And Index. Jesus of Nazareth died on a cross at the hands of Roman justice around the year 30 C.E. Thousands of others perished in the same way, and many people before and since have suffered far more gruesome torments. Why then is Jesus, Gerard Sloyan asks, uniquely and universally remembered for his suffering death? How has his death brought solace to many millions? To answer this question, Gerard Sloyan in this powerful historical tour de force tracks the legacy of the cross across two millennia of Christian reminiscences, piety, art, speculation, and mythicizing. Beginning with New Testament accounts, he shows how Jesus' death came to be seen as sacrificial. He then plots the emergence and development -- in theology, liturgy, literature, art -- of the conviction that Jesus' death was redemptive, as seen both in soteriological theory from Tertullian to Anselm, in the Reformation and modern eras, and in more popular religious responses to the crucifixion. - Back cover. Introduction Crucifixion and why Jesus was sentenced to it How Jesus' death came to be seen as sacrificial and redemptive Patristic attribution of Jesus' death to the Jews Theories of expiation and satisfaction : from Tertullian to Anselm and beyond The popular passion piety of the Catholic West Modern soteriological thinking : cross, creation, and universal redemption Piety centered on Jesus' sufferings A variety of responses to a crucified redeemer Conclusion "A sweeping historical examination of the often-neglected roles that Christian churches played in the Third Reich, this volume presents original research on Christian attitudes and responses to Hitler's persecution of the Jews."--Jacket Franz Stangl, the future commandant at the death camp Treblinka, worked during the early war years in the so-called Euthanasia Program of the German Reich.