Beginning Java 7 (Expert's Voice in Java)

Beginning Java 7 guides you through this language and a huge assortment of platform APIs according to the following table of contents: Chapter 1: Getting Started with Java Chapter 2: Discovering Classes and Objects Chapter 3: Exploring Advanced Language Features Chapter 4: Touring Language APIs Chapter 5: Collecting Objects Chapter 6: Touring Additional Utility APIs Chapter 7: Creating and Enriching Graphical User Interfaces Chapter 8: Interacting with Filesystems Chapter 9: Interacting with Networks and Databases Chapter 10: Parsing, Creating, and Transforming XML Documents Chapter 11: Working with Web Services Chapter 12: Java 7 Meets Android Appendix A: Solutions to Exercises Appendix B: Scripting API and Dynamically Typed Language Support Appendix C: Odds and Ends Appendix D: Applications Gallery Chapter 1 introduces you to Java and begins to cover the Java language by focusing on fundamental concepts such as comments, identifiers, variables, expressions, and statements. Chapter 2 continues to explore this language by presenting all of its features for working with classes and objects. You learn about features related to class declaration and object creation, encapsulation, information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, and garbage collection. Chapter 3 focuses on the more advanced language features related to nested classes, packages, static imports, exceptions, assertions, annotations, generics, and enums. Additional chapters will introduce you to the few features not covered in Chapters 1 through 3. Chapter 4 largely moves away from covering language features (although it does introduce class literals and strictfp) while focusing on language-oriented APIs. You learn about Math, StrictMath, Package, Primitive Type Wrapper Classes, Reference, Reflection, String, StringBuffer and StringBuilder, Threading, BigDecimal, and BigInteger in this chapter. Chapter 5 begins to explore Java's utility APIs by focusing largely on the Collections Framework. However, it also discusses legacy collection-oriented APIs and how to create your own collections. Chapter 6 continues to focus on utility APIs by presenting the concurrency utilities along with the Objects and Random classes. Chapter 7 moves you away from the command-line user interfaces that appear in previous chapters and toward graphical user interfaces. You first learn about the Abstract Window Toolkit foundation, and then explore the Java Foundation Classes in terms of Swing and Java 2D. Appendix C explores Accessibility and Drag and Drop. Chapter 8 explores filesystem-oriented I/O in terms of the File, RandomAccessFile, stream, and writer/reader classes. New I/O is covered in Appendix C. Chapter 9 introduces you to Java's network APIs, such as sockets. It also introduces you to the JDBC API for interacting with databases. Chapter 10 dives into Java's XML support by first presenting an introduction to XML (including DTDs and schemas). It next explores the SAX, DOM, StAX, XPath, and XSLT APIs. It even briefly touches on the Validation API. While exploring XPath, you encounter namespace contexts, extension functions and function resolvers, and variables and variable resolvers. Chapter 11 introduces you to Java's support for SOAP-based and RESTful web services. In addition to providing you with the basics of these web service categories, Chapter 11 presents some advanced topics, such as working with the SAAJ API to communicate with a SOAP-based web service without having to rely on JAX-WS. You will appreciate having learned about XML in Chapter 10 before diving into this chapter. Chapter 12 helps you put to use some of the knowledge you've gathered in previous chapters by showing you how to use Java to write an Android app's source code. This chapter introduces you to Android, discusses its architecture, shows you how to install necessary tools, and develops a simple app. Appendix A presents the solutions to the programming exercises that appear near the end of Chapters 1 through 12. Appendix B introduces you to Java's Scripting API along with Java 7's support for dynamically typed languages. Appendix C introduces you to additional APIs and architecture topics: Accessibility, ByteArrayOutputStream and ByteArrayInputStream, classloaders, Console, Desktop, Drag and Drop, Dynamic Layout, Extension Mechanism and ServiceLoader, File Partition-Space, File Permissions, Formatter, Image I/O, Internationalization, Java Native Interface, NetworkInterface and InterfaceAddress, New I/O (including NIO.2), PipedOutputStream and PipedInputStream, Preferences, Scanner, Security, Smart Card, Splash Screen, Stream Tokenizer, StringTokenizer, SwingWorker, System Tray, Timer and TimerTask, Tools and the Compiler API, Translucent and Shaped Window, and XML Digital Signature. Appendix D presents a gallery of significant applications that demonstrate various aspects of Java. Unfortunately, there are limits to how much knowledge can be crammed into a print book. For this reason, Appendixes A, B, C, and D are not included in this book's pages. Instead, these appendixes are freely distributed as PDF files. Appendixes A and B are bundled with the book's associated code file at the Apress website (http://www.apress.com). Appendixes C and D are bundled with their respective code files on my TutorTutor.ca website at http://tutortutor.ca/cgi-bin/makepage.cgi?/books/bj7. Appendixes C and D are "living documents" in that I'll occasionally add new material to them. For example, I plan to expand Appendix C by also covering Java Naming and Directory Interface, Java Sound, Remote Method Invocation and Corba, Robot, Runtime and Process, Swing Timer, and many other APIs/architecture topics (including a complete tour of Swing components). Of course, it will take time to write about these topics so don't expect all of them to appear at once -- they will slowly emerge in coming months (although smaller topics such as Robot will emerge much faster). What you’ll learn The entire Java language, including Java 7-specific features such as switch on string, try-with-resources, final rethrow, multicatch, and SafeVarargs A huge assortment of Java 7 APIs, beginning with those APIs oriented toward the language itself, and including Java 7-specific APIs such as the Fork/Join Framework, Objects, JLayer, and NIO.2 Various Java 7 tools, starting with the javac compiler and java application launcher How to create user interfaces, working with web services, and a whole lot more The basics of getting started with Android app development Who this book is forThis book targets the following groups of developers: Newcomers, skilled (to some degree) in other programming languages but with no previous exposure to Java Intermediate Java developers, skilled in the fundamentals of Java prior to Java 7 and looking to increase their understanding of Java 7 language/API changes All developers looking beyond standard Java, who want to leverage Java 7 to create mobile apps via Android Even advanced Java developers may find a few items of interest Table of Contents Getting Started with Java Discovering Classes and Objects Exploring Advanced Language Features Touring Language and Utility APIs Collecting Objects Touring Additional Utility APIs Creating and Enriching Graphical User Interfaces Interacting with Filesystems Interacting with Networks and Databases Parsing, Creating, and Transforming XML Documents Working with Web Services Java 7 Meets Android

Beginning Java 7 guides you through version 7 of the Java language and a wide assortment of platform APIs. New Java 7 language features that are discussed include switch-on-string and try-with-resources. APIs that are discussed include Threading, the Collections Framework, the Concurrency Utilities, Swing, Java 2D, networking, JDBC, SAX, DOM, StAX, XPath, JAX-WS, and SAAJ. This book also presents an introduction to Android app development so that you can apply some of its knowledge to the exciting world of Android app development.

This book presents the following table of contents:

Chapter 1 introduces you to Java and begins to cover the Java language by focusing on fundamental concepts such as comments, identifiers, variables, expressions, and statements.

Chapter 2 continues to explore this language by presenting all of its features for working with classes and objects. You learn about features related to class declaration and object creation, encapsulation, information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, and garbage collection.

Chapter 3 focuses on the more advanced language features related to nested classes, packages, static imports, exceptions, assertions, annotations, generics, and enums. Additional chapters introduce you to the few features not covered in Chapters 1
through 3.

Chapter 4 largely moves away from covering language features (although it does introduce class literals and strictfp) while focusing on language-oriented APIs. You learn about Math, StrictMath, Package, Primitive Type Wrapper Classes, Reference, Reflection, String, StringBuffer and StringBuilder, Threading, BigDecimal, and BigInteger in this chapter.

Chapter 5 begins to explore Java's utility APIs by focusing largely on the Collections Framework. However, it also discusses legacy collection-oriented APIs and how to create your own collections.

Chapter 6 continues to focus on utility APIs by presenting the concurrency utilities along with the Objects and Random classes.

Chapter 7 moves you away from the command-line user interfaces that appear in previous chapters and toward graphical user interfaces. You first learn about the Abstract Window Toolkit foundation, and then explore the Java Foundation Classes in terms of Swing and Java 2D. Appendix C explores Accessibility and Drag and Drop.

Chapter 8 explores filesystem-oriented I/O in terms of the File, RandomAccessFile, stream, and writer/reader classes.

Chapter 9 introduces you to Java's network APIs (e.g., sockets). It also introduces you to the JDBC API for interacting with databases along with the Java DB database product.

Chapter 10 dives into Java's XML support by first presenting an introduction to XML (including DTDs and schemas). It next explores the SAX, DOM, StAX, XPath, and XSLT APIs. It even briefly touches on the Validation API. While exploring XPath, you encounter namespace contexts, extension functions and function resolvers, and variables and variable resolvers.

Chapter 11 introduces you to Java's support for SOAP-based and RESTful web services. As well as providing you with the basics of these web service categories, Chapter 11 presents some advanced topics, such as working with the SAAJ API to communicate with a SOAP-based web service without having to rely on JAX-WS. You will appreciate having learned about XML in Chapter 10 before diving into this chapter.

Chapter 12 helps you put to use some of the knowledge you've gathered in previous chapters by showing you how to use Java to write an Android app's source code. This chapter introduces you to Android, discusses its architecture, shows you how to install necessary tools, and develops a simple app.

Appendix A presents the solutions to the programming exercises that appear near the end of Chapters 1 through 12.

Appendix B introduces you to Java's Scripting API along with Java 7's support for dynamically typed languages.

Appendix C introduces you to additional APIs and architecture topics. Examples include Accessibility, classloaders, Console, Drag and Drop, Java Native Interface, and System Tray.

Appendix D presents a gallery of significant applications that demonstrate various aspects of Java.

Unfortunately, there are limits to how much knowledge can be crammed into a print book. For this reason, Appendixes A, B, C, and D are not included in this book's pages. Instead, these appendixes are freely distributed as PDF files. Appendixes A and B are bundled with the book's associated code file at the Apress website (http://www.apress.com/9781430239093). Appendixes C and D are bundled with their respective code files at my TutorTutor.ca website
(http://tutortutor.ca/cgi-bin/makepage.cgi?/books/bj7).

What you’ll learn

• The entire Java language, including Java 7-specific features such as switch on string, try-with-resources, final rethrow,
  multicatch, and SafeVarargs
• A huge assortment of Java 7 APIs, beginning with those APIs oriented toward the language itself, and including Java
  7-specific APIs such as the Fork/Join Framework, Objects, and JLayer
• Various Java 7 tools, starting with the javac compiler and java application launcher
• How to create user interfaces, working with web services, and a whole lot more
• The basics of getting started with Android app development

Who this book is for

This book targets the following groups of developers:

• Newcomers, skilled (to some degree) in other programming languages but with no previous exposure to Java
• Intermediate Java developers, skilled in the fundamentals of Java prior to Java 7 and looking to increase theirunderstanding of Java 7 language/API changes
• All developers looking beyond standard Java, who want to leverage Java 7 to create mobile apps via Android
• Even advanced Java developers may find a few items of interest.

Table of Contents

1. Getting Started with Java
2. Discovering Classes and Objects
3. Exploring Advanced Language Features
4. Touring Language and Utility APIs
5. Collecting Objects
6. Touring Additional Utility APIs
7. Creating and Enriching Graphical User Interfaces
8. Interacting with Filesystems
9. Interacting with Networks and Databases
10. Parsing, Creating, and Transforming XML Documents
11. Working with Web Services
12. Java 7Meets Android

Annotation Beginning Java 7guides you through this language and a huge assortment of platform APIs according to the following table of contents:Chapter 1: Getting Started with JavaChapter 2: Discovering Classes and ObjectsChapter 3: Exploring Advanced Language FeaturesChapter 4: Touring Language APIsChapter 5: Collecting ObjectsChapter 6: Touring Additional Utility APIsChapter 7: Creating and Enriching Graphical User InterfacesChapter 8: Interacting with FilesystemsChapter 9: Interacting with Networks and DatabasesChapter 10: Parsing, Creating, and Transforming XML DocumentsChapter 11: Working with Web ServicesChapter 12: Java 7 Meets AndroidAppendix A: Solutions to ExercisesAppendix B: Scripting API and Dynamically Typed Language SupportAppendix C: Odds and EndsAppendix D: Applications GalleryChapter 1 introduces you to Java and begins to cover the Java language by focusing on fundamental concepts such as comments, identifiers, variables, expressions, and statements. Chapter 2 continues to explore this language by presenting all of its features for working with classes and objects. You learn about features related to class declaration and object creation, encapsulation, information hiding, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, and garbage collection. Chapter 3 focuses on the more advanced language features related to nested classes, packages, static imports, exceptions, assertions, annotations, generics, and enums. Additional chapters will introduce you to the few features not covered in Chapters 1 through 3. Chapter 4 largely moves away from covering language features (although it does introduce class literals and strictfp) while focusing on language-oriented APIs. You learn about Math, StrictMath, Package, Primitive Type Wrapper Classes, Reference, Reflection, String, StringBuffer and StringBuilder, Threading, BigDecimal, and BigInteger in this chapter. Chapter 5 begins to explore Java's utility APIs by focusing largely on the Collections Framework. However, it also discusses legacy collection-oriented APIs and how to create your own collections. Chapter 6 continues to focus on utility APIs by presenting the concurrency utilities along with the Objects and Random classes. Chapter 7 moves you away from the command-line user interfaces that appear in previous chapters and toward graphical user interfaces. You first learn about the Abstract Window Toolkit foundation, and then explore the Java Foundation Classes in terms of Swing and Java 2D. Appendix C explores Accessibility and Drag and Drop. Chapter 8 explores filesystem-oriented I/O in terms of the File, RandomAccessFile, stream, and writer/reader classes. New I/O is covered in Appendix C. Chapter 9 introduces you to Java's network APIs, such as sockets. It also introduces you to the JDBC API for interacting with databases. Chapter 10 dives into Java's XML support by first presenting an introduction to XML (including DTDs and schemas). It next explores the SAX, DOM, StAX, XPath, and XSLT APIs. It even briefly touches on the Validation API. While exploring XPath, you encounter namespace contexts, extension functions and function resolvers, and variables and variable resolvers. Chapter 11 introduces you to Java's support for SOAP-based and RESTful web services. In addition to providing you with the basics of these web service categories, Chapter 11 presents some advanced topics, such as working with the SAAJ API to communicate with a SOAP-based web service without having to rely on JAX-WS. You will appreciate having learned about XML Cover......Page 1 Contents at a Glance......Page 3 Contents......Page 899 About the Author......Page 909 About the Technical Reviewer......Page 910 Acknowledgments......Page 911 Introduction......Page 912 What Is Java?......Page 4 Installing and Working with JDK 7......Page 7 Installing and Working with NetBeans 7......Page 10 Java Language Fundamentals......Page 15 Summary......Page 52 Discovering Classes and Objects......Page 54 Declaring Classes and Creating Objects......Page 55 Encapsulating State and Behaviors......Page 62 Initializing Classes and Objects......Page 81 Inheriting State and Behaviors......Page 87 Changing Form......Page 107 Formalizing Class Interfaces......Page 118 Collecting Garbage......Page 127 Summary......Page 132 Nested Types......Page 134 Packages......Page 147 Static Imports......Page 156 Exceptions......Page 158 Assertions......Page 178 Annotations......Page 187 Generics......Page 197 Enums......Page 215 Summary......Page 225 Math and StrictMath......Page 229 Package......Page 237 Primitive Type Wrapper Class......Page 242 Reference......Page 251 Reflection......Page 259 String......Page 274 StringBuffer and StringBuilder......Page 278 System......Page 281 Threading......Page 284 BigDecimal......Page 308 BigInteger......Page 314 Summary......Page 319 The Collections Framework......Page 321 Legacy Collections APIs......Page 393 Creating Your Own Collections......Page 397 Summary......Page 402 Concurrency Utilities......Page 403 Objects......Page 428 Random......Page 432 Summary......Page 436 Abstract Window Toolkit......Page 437 Swing......Page 465 Java 2D......Page 479 Summary......Page 511 File......Page 512 RandomAccessFile......Page 526 Streams......Page 537 Writers and Readers......Page 566 Summary......Page 582 Interacting with Networks......Page 583 Interacting with Databases......Page 626 Summary......Page 658 What Is XML?......Page 660 Parsing XML Documents with SAX......Page 680 Parsing and Creating XML Documents with DOM......Page 697 Parsing and Creating XML Documents with StAX......Page 709 Selecting XML Document Nodes with XPath......Page 724 Transforming XML Documents with XSLT......Page 739 Summary......Page 747 What Are Web Services?......Page 748 Java and Web Services......Page 755 Working with SOAP-Based Web Services......Page 761 Working with RESTful Web Services......Page 778 Advanced Web Service Topics......Page 795 Summary......Page 827 Exploring Android and Android App Architectures......Page 828 Installing the Android SDK and an Android Platform......Page 847 Creating and Starting an AVD......Page 853 Creating, Installing, and Running an App......Page 857 Summary......Page 868 A......Page 869 B......Page 871 C......Page 872 D......Page 875 E......Page 876 F......Page 877 G......Page 878 I......Page 880 J......Page 882 L......Page 883 N......Page 885 O......Page 886 P......Page 887 R......Page 888 S......Page 890 T......Page 893 V......Page 894 X......Page 895 Y, Z......Page 896 Y, classloaders, Console, Drag and Drop, Java Native Interface, and System Tray. Appendix D presents a gallery of significant applications that demonstrate various aspects of Java. Unfortunately, there are limits to how much knowledge can be crammed into a print book. For this reason, Appendixes A, B, C, and D are not included in this book's pages. Instead, these appendixes are freely distributed as PDF files. Appendixes A and B are bundled with the book's associated code file at the Apress website (http://www.apress.com/9781430239093). Appendixes C and D are bundled with their respective code files at my TutorTutor.ca website (http://tutortutor.ca/cgi-bin/makepage.cgi?/books/bj7) r 7 moves you away from the command-line user interfaces that appear in previous chapters and toward graphical user interfaces. You first learn about the Abstract Window Toolkit foundation, and then explore the Java Foundation Classes in terms of Swing and Java 2D. Appendix C explores Accessibility and Drag and Drop. Chapter 8 explores filesystem-oriented I/O in terms of the File, RandomAccessFile, stream, and writer/reader classes. Chapter 9 introduces you to Java's network APIs (e.g., sockets). It also introduces you to the JDBC API for interacting with databases along with the Java DB database product. Chapter 10 dives into Java's XML support by first presenting an introduction to XML (including DTDs and schemas). It next explores the SAX, DOM, StAX, XPath, and XSLT APIs. It even briefly touches on the Validation API. While exploring XPath, you encounter namespace contexts, extension functions and function resolvers, and variables and variable resolvers. Chapter 11 introduces you to Java's support for SOAP-based and RESTful web services. As well as providing you with the basics of these web service categories, Chapter 11 presents some advanced topics, such as working with the SAAJ API to communicate with a SOAP-based web service without having to rely on JAX-WS. You will appreciate having learned about XML in Chapter 10 before diving into this chapter. Chapter 12 helps you put to use some of the knowledge you've gathered in previous chapters by showing you how to use Java to write an Android app's source code. This chapter introduces you to Android, discusses its architecture, shows you how to install necessary tools, and develops a simple app. Appendix A presents the solutions to the programming exercises that appear near the end of Chapters 1 through 12. Appendix B introduces you to Java's Scripting API along with Java 7's support for dynamically typed languages. Appendix C introduces you to additional APIs and architecture topics. Examples include Accessibilit