Beej's Guide to Python Programming: For Beginners

Intro Audience Platform and Tools Official Homepage and Books For Sale Email Policy Mirroring Note for Translators Copyright, Distribution, and Legal Dedication Publishing Information What is Programming, Anyway? Objectives More Terminology Than You Wanted What's This Talk About Problem Solving? So How To Solve It? What is Python? Summary What software will I need? Objectives What Is All This? Installing Python Windows Mac Linux/Unix-likes Running IDLE Your First Command Summary How do I write a program? Objectives The Problem That Needs Solving Launching your IDE and Opening a File Running the Program! Exercises Summary Data and Processing Data Objective Data, Variables, and Math Assigning from One Variable to Another Your Mental Model of Computation User Input Data Types Converting Between Data Types Input Two Numbers and Print the Sum Wrapping it Up Exercises Summary Flow Control and Looping Objective Chapter Project Specification What is Flow Control? Boolean Algebra and Expressions Boolean Operations in Python The Almighty if Statement And Now: while Loops! Looping: for Loops When while and When for? Chapter Project Exercises Summary Strings Objective Chapter Project Specification What is a String? Creating Strings Converting Other Types To Strings and Vice Versa String Concatenation with + Midterm Challenge Getting Individual Characters From Strings Slices Midterm Challenge Interlude: Mutable versus Immutable Types for-loops with Strings String Functions and Methods Formatted Output with F-Strings .format() Method % printf Operator Chapter Project Exercises Summary Lists Objective Chapter Project Specification What Are Lists? List Assignments for and Lists—Powerful Stuff for and enumerate() Midterm: Doubling The Values Built-in Functions for Lists What Good Are They? Midterm Challenge Building New Lists, Repeating and Empty List Comprehensions Lists of Lists Chapter Project Implementation Exercises Summary Dictionaries Objective Chapter Project Specification What are Dictionaries? Initializing a Dictionary Speed Demon Does this dict have this key? Iterating over Dictionaries Common Built-in Dictionary Functionality Dictionary Comprehensions Dictionaries of Dictionaries Dictionaries are Mutable The Chapter Project Exercises Summary Functions Objective Chapter Project Specification What Are Functions? Using Built-In Functions Arguments Writing Your Own Functions Multiple Return Values What Makes a Good Function Positional Arguments versus Keyword Arguments Interlude: Evaluation Strategies The Chapter Project Exercises Summary Classes and Objects Objective Chapter Project Specification What Problem Are We Even Trying To Solve? What are Classes and Objects? Making Different StarShips Attributes Using Attributes More on Methods Pretty Printing Objects are Mutable Objects and None Testing for Attributes Chapter Project Exercises Summary Importing Modules Objective Chapter Project Specification What and Why of Modules Using a Module Command Line Arguments Printing Calendars Importing Specific Attributes Learning All The Modules Chapter Project Exercises Summary Reading Files Objective Project What are Files, Anyway? Reading Files, The Classic Way Opening Files with with Reading Data a Line at a Time Writing files Chapter Project Exercises Summary Exceptions Objective Project Errors in Programs Classic Error Handling Error Handling with Exceptions Catching Exceptions Catching Multiple Exceptions Catching Multiple Exceptions II Getting More Exception Information Catching All Exceptions Finally finally What Else? else! Exception Objects Raising Exceptions Re-raising Exceptions Project Implementation Exercises Summary Appendix A: Basic Math for Programmers Arithmetic Division in Python Modulo, AKA Remainder Negative numbers Absolute Value The Power of Exponents Parentheses Square root Factorial Scientific notation Logarithms Rounding Large Numbers Appendix B: The REPL What is the REPL? Calculator Getting Help dir()—Quick and Dirty Help Getting out of the REPL Appendix C: Assignment Behavior How This Relates To Functions Is Any of This True? Python Compiler Optimizations Internment Appendix D: Number Bases How to Count like a Boss Number Bases Hexadecimal, Base 16 Specifying the Number Base in Python Accelerating Beyond IDLE Objectives What with the What Now? The Terminal The Shell Windows Terminals and Shells Windows gitbash Windows WSL Mac Linux/Unix-likes Installing an IDE Windows VS Code Mac Linux and other Unix-likes Running VS Code Using a Barebones Editor and Terminal Start with the Terminal Launching Your Code Editor Running the Program! Exercises Summary