Beej's guide to network programming: using internet sockets

Contents 3 Intro 5 Audience 5 Platform and Compiler 5 Official Homepage and Books For Sale 5 Note for Solaris/SunOS Programmers 5 Note for Windows Programmers 5 Email Policy 7 Mirroring 7 Note for Translators 7 Copyright and Distribution 7 What is a socket? 9 Two Types of Internet Sockets 9 Low level Nonsense and Network Theory 10 IP Addresses, structs, and Data Munging 13 IP Addresses, versions 4 and 6 13 Subnets 14 Port Numbers 15 Byte Order 15 structs 16 IP Addresses, Part Deux 18 Private (Or Disconnected) Networks 19 Jumping from IPv4 to IPv6 21 System Calls or Bust 23 getaddrinfo()—Prepare to launch! 23 socket()—Get the File Descriptor! 26 bind()—What port am I on? 26 connect()—Hey, you! 28 listen()—Will somebody please call me? 29 accept()—"Thank you for calling port 3490." 29 send() and recv()—Talk to me, baby! 30 sendto() and recvfrom()—Talk to me, DGRAM-style 31 close() and shutdown()—Get outta my face! 32 getpeername()—Who are you? 32 gethostname()—Who am I? 33 Client-Server Background 35 A Simple Stream Server 35 A Simple Stream Client 37 Datagram Sockets 39 Slightly Advanced Techniques 43 Blocking 43 select()—Synchronous I/O Multiplexing 43 Handling Partial send()s 48 Serialization—How to Pack Data 49 Son of Data Encapsulation 57 Broadcast Packets—Hello, World! 59 Common Questions 63 Man Pages 69 accept() 70 bind() 72 connect() 74 close() 75 getaddrinfo(), freeaddrinfo(), gai_strerror() 76 gethostname() 79 gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr() 80 getnameinfo() 83 getpeername() 84 errno 85 fcntl() 86 htons(), htonl(), ntohs(), ntohl() 87 inet_ntoa(), inet_aton(), inet_addr 89 inet_ntop(), inet_pton() 91 listen() 93 perror(), strerror() 94 poll() 95 recv(), recvfrom() 97 select() 99 setsockopt(), getsockopt() 101 send(), sendto() 103 shutdown() 105 socket() 106 struct sockaddr and pals 107 More References 109 Books 109 Web References 109 RFCs 110 Index 113