عکاسی پایه ۰۷: نوردهی

This book covers all aspects of exposure, whether you are using a film or a digital camera. Technical concepts are identified and explained in a straightforward manner on the page through clear diagrams and in a concise glossary. The book is illustrated throughout with creative, thought-provoking images – many taken especially – from contemporary practitioners and classic sources. Title pages......Page 2 Copyright......Page 3 Contents......Page 5 How to get the most out of this book......Page 7 Introduction......Page 9 Basic theory......Page 11 Light itself......Page 13 What is a good exposure?......Page 21 Histograms......Page 23 Contrast......Page 25 Stops......Page 28 Reciprocity......Page 29 Exposure Value (EV)......Page 31 Subject Brightness Range (SBR)......Page 35 Over- and underexposure......Page 39 Clipping......Page 45 Key......Page 47 Speed and sensitivity......Page 49 Exposure Index (EI)......Page 53 Filters......Page 55 Shutter speed and time......Page 57 Motion and time......Page 59 Neutral Density (ND) filters to extend time......Page 61 Types of shutter......Page 63 Creative use of shutter speed......Page 69 Aperture and depth of field......Page 73 f-numbers and stops......Page 75 Depth of field......Page 79 Creative use......Page 85 Meters and metering......Page 89 Types of exposure meter......Page 91 Reflected versus incident light meters......Page 93 Exposure Value (EV) compensation......Page 107 Other light meters......Page 111 So why not do it in Photoshop?......Page 121 Dynamic range......Page 123 Graduated Neutral Density (Grad ND) filters......Page 125 RAW files......Page 127 High Dynamic Range (HDR)......Page 131 The Zone System......Page 137 Pushing and pulling film......Page 141 Local exposure control......Page 143 Special cases......Page 147 Technical versus subjective exposure......Page 149 Back and rim light......Page 152 White balance......Page 153 Winter weather......Page 156 Flash......Page 157 Close-up......Page 161 Infrared......Page 165 Open shutter......Page 168 Multiple exposures......Page 169 Extreme lighting......Page 171 Conclusion......Page 173 Contacts......Page 174 Glossary......Page 175 Acknowledgements and image credits......Page 177 Back Cover......Page 178 Title pages 2 Copyright 3 Contents 5 How to get the most out of this book 7 Introduction 9 Basic theory 11 Light itself 13 What is a good exposure? 21 Histograms 23 Contrast 25 Stops 28 Reciprocity 29 Exposure Value (EV) 31 Subject Brightness Range (SBR) 35 Over- and underexposure 39 Clipping 45 Key 47 Speed and sensitivity 49 Exposure Index (EI) 53 Filters 55 Shutter speed and time 57 Motion and time 59 Neutral Density (ND) filters to extend time 61 Types of shutter 63 Creative use of shutter speed 69 Aperture and depth of field 73 f-numbers and stops 75 Depth of field 79 Creative use 85 Meters and metering 89 Types of exposure meter 91 Reflected versus incident light meters 93 Exposure Value (EV) compensation 107 Other light meters 111 So why not do it in Photoshop? 121 Dynamic range 123 Graduated Neutral Density (Grad ND) filters 125 RAW files 127 High Dynamic Range (HDR) 131 The Zone System 137 Pushing and pulling film 141 Local exposure control 143 Special cases 147 Technical versus subjective exposure 149 Back and rim light 152 White balance 153 Winter weather 156 Flash 157 Close-up 161 Infrared 165 Open shutter 168 Multiple exposures 169 Extreme lighting 171 Conclusion 173 Contacts 174 Glossary 175 Acknowledgements and image credits 177 Back Cover 178 2940411050,9782940411054,2940439427,9782940439423 Annotation Basics Photography: Exposure is a comprehensive guide to the theory of exposure, explaining the fundamental relationship between the photographic image and the effects of light intensity and duration. It describes the use of lens aperture and depth of field in relation to exposure and also outlines the principles of in-camera and hand-held light meters: their strengths, limitations and correct use in a wide variety of lighting situations. Compelling examples taken from contemporary photography are used to support the books account of exposure theory. Basics Photography: Exposure is a detailed guide to using exposure for expressive purposes, making it an invaluable reference tool to all students of photography Basics Photography 07: Exposure is a comprehensive guide to the theory of exposure, explaining the fundamental relationship between the photographic image and the effects of light intensity and duration. It describes the use of lens aperture and depth of field in relation to exposure and also outlines the principles of in-camera and hand-held light their strengths, limitations and correct use in a wide variety of lighting situations. The book is a detailed guide to using exposure for expressive purposes, making it an invaluable reference tool to all students and practitioners of photography. A guide to the theory of exposure that explains the fundamental relationship between the photographic image and the effects of light intensity and duration. "Basics Photography: Exposure" is a detailed guide to using exposure for expressive purposes, making it an invaluable reference tool to all students of photography. Basics Photography: Exposure Asks One Of The Most Perplexing Questions