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Basic Organic Chemistry discusses the basic concept of chemistry as well as organic chemistry. It includes detailed description of organic molecules, functional groups and the nomenclature of the organic molecules. This book also discusses the notion of acids and bases and stereochemistry of the organic molecules along with the description of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, alcohol and ethers. It provides the reader with the insights of basic organic chemistry so as to understand the basic organic reactions and the application of spectroscopy to study organic molecules. Cover 1 Title Page 5 Copyright 6 ABOUT THE AUTHORS 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS 9 List of Figures 13 List of Tables 17 List of Abbreviations 19 Preface 21 Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry and Organic Chemistry 23 1.1. Introduction 24 1.2. Branches of Chemistry 25 1.3. Importance And Scope of Chemistry 27 1.4. Organic Chemistry 31 1.5. Origin of Organic Chemistry 32 1.6. Applications o Organic Chemistry 35 1.7. Conclusion 41 Review Questions 43 References 44 Chapter 2 Organic Molecules and Functional Groups 45 2.1. Introduction 46 2.2. Functional Groups And Reactivity 47 2.3. Role of Functional Groups 49 2.4. Alcohols 52 2.5. Ethers 55 2.6. Aldehydes And Ketones 56 2.7. Carboxylic Acids 58 2.8. Physical Properties and Characterization 59 Review Questions 62 References 63 Chapter 3 Nomenclature of Organic Molecules 65 3.1. Introduction 66 3.2. History of The Nomenclature of Organic Molecules 67 3.3. Basic Steps For Nomenclature of The Organic Molecules 71 3.4. How To Name Organic Compounds Using The Iupac Rules 73 3.5. Guidelines For The Nomenclature of Organic Molecules 79 Review Questions 82 References 83 Chapter 4 Acids And Bases 85 4.1. Introduction 86 4.2. Acids 88 4.3. Bases 91 4.4. Neutralization 93 4.5. Arrhenius Theory 96 4.6. Bronsted-Lowry Theory 99 4.7. Lewis Theory 103 Review Questions 106 References 107 Chapter 5 Understanding Organic Reactions 109 5.1. Introduction 110 5.2. Types of Organic Reactions 111 5.3. Principal Methods of Forming The Organic Reactions 113 5.4. Role of Organic Reactions In The Modern World 116 5.5. Importance of Catalyst In Organic Reactions 117 5.6. Organic Chemistry Is All Around Us 120 Review Questions 126 References 127 Chapter 6 Stereochemistry 131 6.1. Introduction 132 6.2. Historical Perspective of Stereochemistry 133 6.3. Fundamentals of Stereochemistry 137 6.4. Chirality 138 6.5. Stereoisomers 139 6.6. Absolute Configuration And The (R) And (S) System 143 6.7. Fischer Projections 146 Review Questions 149 References 150 Chapter 7 Amino Acids And Proteins 153 7.1. Introduction 154 7.2. Proteins 157 7.3. The 20 Amino Acids And Their Role In Protein Structures 162 7.4. What Is The Difference Between A Protein And An Amino Acid? 172 7.5. What Are Essential Amino Acids? 173 Review Questions 175 References 176 Chapter 8 Carbohydrates 179 8.1. Introduction 180 8.2. History Of Carbohydrates 182 8.3. Carbohydrates 183 8.4. Classification and Nomenclature 184 8.5. Carbohydrates as The Monosaccharides 187 8.6. Disaccharides 189 Review Questions 195 References 196 Chapter 9 Alcohols And Ethers 197 9.1. Introduction 198 9.2. Physical Properties of Alcohols And Ethers 200 9.3. Chemical Properties of Alcohols And Phenols 208 9.4. Preparation Of Alcohols 210 9.5. Nucleophilic Properties: Ether Formation 212 9.6. Some Commercially Important Alcohols 214 Review Questions 216 References 217 Chapter 10 Spectroscopy 219 10.1. Introduction 220 10.2. What Is Spectroscopy 222 10.3. Different Types Of Spectroscopy For Chemical Analysis 222 10.4. What Is Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)? 229 10.5. Basic Components Of Spectroscopic Instruments 230 10.6. Spectroscopy Based On Absorption 233 10.7. Conclusion 234 Review Questions 236 References 237 Index 239 Back Cover 244 Discusses the basic concepts of chemistry and organic chemistry. The book includes detailed descriptions of organic molecules, functional groups and the nomenclature of the organic molecules. It also discusses the notion of acids and bases, and the stereochemistry of organic molecules.