Basic Knowledge of Medical Imaging Informatics: Undergraduate Level and Level I (Imaging Informatics for Healthcare Professionals)

This book provides a unique introduction to the vast field of Medical Imaging Informatics for students and physicians by depicting the basics of the different areas in Radiology Informatics. It features short chapters on the different main areas in Medical Imaging Informatics, such as Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), radiology reporting, data sharing, and de-identification and anonymization, as well as standards like Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), Integrating the Health Enterprise (IHE) and Health Level 7 (HL7,. Written by experts in the respective fields and endorsed by the European Society of Medical Imaging Informatics (EuSoMII) the scope of the book is based on the Medical Imaging Informatics sub-sections of the European Society of Radiology (ESR) European Training Curriculum Undergraduate Level and Level I. This volume will be an invaluable resource for residents and radiologists and is also specifically suited for undergraduate training. Preface Contents 1: From Physical Film to Picture Archiving and Communication Systems 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Growing Amount of Data as Driver 1.3 The Effects of Early Digitalization 1.4 Basic Components of the PACS Environment 1.4.1 PACS Core 1.4.2 Storage 1.4.3 DICOM Modality Worklist Server/PACS Broker 1.4.4 Speech System 1.4.5 Modalities 1.4.6 Exporting DATA 1.5 Conclusion References 2: The Essence of HL7, DICOM, and IHE 2.1 Introduction 2.2 HL7 2.3 DICOM 2.4 IHE References 3: Development of Radiology Reporting 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Narrative Reporting 3.3 Speech Recognition 3.4 Structured Reporting 3.5 The Future of Reporting References 4: Basic Workflow of Medical Imaging 4.1 Introduction 4.2 IT Systems in Use in Radiology 4.2.1 Electronic Patient Record (EPR) 4.2.2 Order Entry System 4.2.3 Radiology Information System 4.2.4 Imaging Modalities 4.2.5 Picture Archiving and Communication System 4.2.6 Radiologists Workstations 4.2.7 Specialized Image Processing 4.2.8 Computer-Aided Detection and Diagnosis (CAD) 4.2.9 Artificial Intelligence 4.2.10 Speech Recognition 4.2.11 Specialized Reporting Systems 4.2.12 Dose Management Systems (DMS) 4.3 Basic Workflow in the Radiology Department (Fig. 4.2) 4.4 Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) References 5: Advanced Visualization Basics in Medical Imaging 5.1 Introduction 5.2 3D Cinematic Rendering and Multi-modality Fusion 5.3 Virtual and Augmented Reality 5.4 3D Printing 5.5 Nosologic Maps Visualization References 6: Sharing Imaging Data 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Sharing Within the Enterprise 6.2.1 From “Come Over and Look!” to “Look into My PACS!” 6.3 Sharing with Other Health-Care Institutions 6.3.1 Portable Media 6.3.2 Advanced Health Information Exchange 6.4 Sharing with the Patient 6.5 Social Media Use in Sharing Imaging Data 6.6 Conclusion References 7: Pseudonymization and Anonymization of Radiology Data 7.1 Introduction 7.2 De-identification of the DICOM Header 7.3 Challenges with De-identification of Imaging Data 7.3.1 Images with Burned-In Text 7.3.2 Volumetric Datasets 7.3.3 Radiation Therapy DICOM Elements 7.4 De-identification of Written Texts 7.4.1 What Can Be in Radiology Reports 7.4.2 How to Detect and Remove the Information 7.5 De-identification Software and Infrastructure 7.6 Discussion References