اتوفاژی: سرطان، سایر بیماری‌ها، التهاب، ایمنی، عفونت و پیری: جلد ۸- بیماری‌های انسانی

Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable guide to both cellular processes while inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections. __Volume 8 Autophagy and Human Diseases__, concentrates on the role of Autophagy in human diseases, including tumorigenesis. The diseases discussed include melanoma, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes neurodegeneration (Alzheimers disease, Huntington’s disease, Parkin’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). Melanoma is one of the most serious diseases in humans. Autophagy plays a key role in the anticancer response to Chemotherapy. However, autophagy can increase or decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The reasons for these contradictory effects are explained. Autophagy also plays a role in idiopathic inflammatory diseases, infection, and immunity. An explanation is given how autophagy is closely linked to control of innate and adaptive immune responses in host defense in part by regulating cytokine production. The role of autophagy in cutaneous malignant melanoma is discussed in detail and expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 autophagic genes in melanoma is included to explain the molecular mechanisms underlying this very serious disease, which tends to metastasize to the brain. The effect of the treatment of this disease using Terfenadine through the induction of autophagy and apoptosis is also included. Autophagy and apoptosis are two main mechanisms involved in programmed cell death. Considering that autophagy is associated with numerous biological processes including cellular development and differentiation, cancer (both antitumor and protumor functions), immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases, there is a great need to understanding its role. Cell homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis and cellular turnover. In spite of the increasing importance of autophagy in various pathophysiological situations (conditions) mentioned above, this process remains underestimated and overlooked. As a consequence, its role in the initiation, stability, maintenance, and progression of these and other diseases (e.g., autoimmune disease) remains poorly understood. **Volumes in the Series** **Volume 1: Molecular Mechanisms.** Elucidates autophagy’s association with numerous biological processes, including cellular development and differentiation, cancer, immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases. **Volume 2: Role in General Diseases.** Describes the various aspects of the complex process of autophagy in a myriad of devastating human diseases, expanding from a discussion of essential autophagic functions into the role of autophagy in proteins, pathogens, immunity, and general diseases. **Volume 3: Role in Specific Diseases.** Explores the role of autophagy in specific diseases and developments, including: Crohn’s Disease, Gaucher Disease, Huntington’s Disease, HCV infection, osteoarthritis, and liver injury, with a full section devoted to in-depth exploration of autophagy in tumor development and cancer, as well as the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. **Volume 4: Mitophagy.** Presents detailed information on the role of mitophagy, the selective autophagy of mitochondria, in health and disease, by delivering an in-depth treatment of the molecular mechanisms involved in mitophagy initiation and execution, as well as the role of mitophagy in Parkinson Disease, cardiac aging, and skeletal muscle atrophy. **Volume 5: Role in Human Diseases.** Comprehensively describes the role of autophagy in human diseases, delivering coverage of the antitumor and protumor roles of autophagy; the therapeutic inhibition of autophagy in cancer; and the duality of autophagy’s effects in various cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders. **Volume 6: Regulation of Autophagy and Selective Autophagy.** Provides coverage of the mechanisms of regulation of autophagy; intracellular pathogen use of the autophagy mechanism; the role of autophagy in host immunity; and selective autophagy. **Volume 7: Role of Autophagy in Therapeutic Applications.** Provides coverage of the latest developments in autophagosome biogenesis and regulation; the role of autophagy in protein quality control; the role of autophagy in apoptosis; autophagy in the cardiovascular system; and the relationships between autophagy and lifestyle. **Volume 8: Autophagy and Human Diseases.** Reviews recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities, and introduces new, more effective therapeutic strategies, in the development of targeted drugs and programmed cell death, providing information that will aid on preventing detrimental inflammation. **Volume 9: Human Diseases and Autophagosome.** Emphasizes the role of Autophagy in necrosis and inflammation, explaining in detail the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the formation of autophagosomes, including the progression of Omegasomes to autophagosomes. * Presents the most advanced information regarding the role of the autophagic system in life and death and whether autophagy acts fundamentally as a cell survivor, or cell death pathway, or both * Introduces new, more effective therapeutic strategies, in the development of targeted drugs and programmed cell death, providing information that will aid on preventing detrimental inflammation * States recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable guide to both cellular processes while inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections. Volume 8 Autophagy and Human Diseases, concentrates on the role of Autophagy in human diseases, including tumorigenesis. The diseases discussed include melanoma, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes neurodegeneration (Alzheimers disease, Huntington's disease, Parkin's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). Melanoma is one of the most serious diseases in humans. Autophagy plays a key role in the anticancer response to Chemotherapy. However, autophagy can increase or decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The reasons for these contradictory effects are explained. Autophagy also plays a role in idiopathic inflammatory diseases, infection, and immunity. An explanation is given how autophagy is closely linked to control of innate and adaptive immune responses in host defense in part by regulating cytokine production. The role of autophagy in cutaneous malignant melanoma is discussed in detail and expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 autophagic genes in melanoma is included to explain the molecular mechanisms underlying this very serious disease, which tends to metastasize to the brain. The effect of the treatment of this disease using Terfenadine through the induction of autophagy and apoptosis is also included. Autophagy and apoptosis are two main mechanisms involved in programmed cell death. Considering that autophagy is associated with numerous biological processes including cellular development and differentiation, cancer (both antitumor and protumor functions), immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases, there is a great need to understanding its role. Cell homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis and cellular turnover. In spite of the increasing importance of autophagy in various pathophysiological situations (conditions) mentioned above, this process remains underestimated and overlooked. As a consequence, its role in the initiation, stability, maintenance, and progression of these and other diseases (e.g., autoimmune disease) remains poorly understood. Volumes in the Series Volume 1: Molecular Mechanisms. Elucidates autophagy's association with numerous biological processes, including cellular development and differentiation, cancer, immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases. Volume 2: Role in General Diseases. Describes the various aspects of the complex process of autophagy in a myriad of devastating human diseases, expanding from a discussion of essential autophagic functions into the role of autophagy in proteins, pathogens, immunity, and general diseases. Volume 3: Role in Specific Diseases. Explores the role of autophagy in specific diseases and developments, including: Crohn's Disease, Gaucher Disease, Huntington's Disease, HCV infection, osteoarthritis, and liver injury, with a full section devoted to in-depth exploration of autophagy in tumor development and cancer, as well as the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Volume 4: Mitophagy. Presents detailed information on the role of mitophagy, the selective autophagy of mitochondria, in health and disease, by delivering an in-depth treatment of the molecular mechanisms involved in mitophagy initiation and execution, as well as the role of mitophagy in Parkinson Disease, cardiac aging, and skeletal muscle atrophy. Volume 5: Role in Human Diseases. Comprehensively describes the role of autophagy in human diseases, delivering coverage of the antitumor and protumor roles of autophagy; the therapeutic inhibition of autophagy in cancer; and the duality of autophagy's effects in various cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders. Volume 6: Regulation of Autophagy and Selective Autophagy. Provides coverage of the mechanisms of regulation of autophagy; intracellular pathogen use of the autophagy mechanism; the role of autophagy in host immunity; and selective autophagy. Volume 7: Role of Autophagy in Therapeutic Applications. Provides coverage of the latest developments in autophagosome biogenesis and regulation; the role of autophagy in protein quality control; the role of autophagy in apoptosis; autophagy in the cardiovascular system; and the relationships between autophagy and lifestyle. Volume 8: Autophagy and Human Diseases. Reviews recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities, and introduces new, more effective therapeutic strategies, in the development of targeted drugs and programmed cell death, providing information that will aid on preventing detrimental inflammation. Volume 9: Necrosis and Inflammation in Human Diseases. Emphasizes the role of Autophagy in necrosis and inflammation, explaining in detail the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the formation of autophagosomes, including the progression of Omegasomes to autophagosomes Content: Front-matter,Copyright,Dedication,Mitophagy and Biogenesis,Dedication,Autophagy and Cancer,Some Thoughts on Autophagy and Immunity,Autophagy: Friend or Foe?,Autophagy: If and When,What Happened When Autophagy Didn’t,Sugar Isn’t Always Sweet,Mitochondrial Mysteries,The Autophagy Process,Foreword,Foreword,Preface,Contributors,Autophagy: Volume 1 – Contributions,Autophagy: Volume 2 – Contributions,Autophagy: Volume 3 – Contributions,Autophagy: Volume 4 – Contributions,Autophagy: Volume 5 – Contributions,Autophagy: Volume 6 – Contributions,Autophagy: Volume 7 – ContributionsEntitled to full textChapter 1 - Overview of Autophagy, Pages 1-71, M.A. Hayat Chapter 2 - Role of the Beclin 1 Network in the Cross-Regulation Between Autophagy and Apoptosis, Pages 75-88, Yangchun Xie, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang Chapter 3 - Role of Sirt1 as a Regulator of Autophagy, Pages 89-100, Munehiro Kitada, Yoshio Ogura, Daisuke Koya Chapter 4 - Apoptosis Blocks Beclin 1-Dependent Autophagosome Synthesis, Pages 101-111, Shouqing Luo Chapter 5 - Is Selective Autophagy Distinct from Starvation-Induced Autophagy?, Pages 113-125, Gérald Guillebaud, Marc Germain Chapter 6 - Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cell Death Caused by Cationic Polymers, Pages 129-138, Jung-Hua Steven Kuo, Ming-Shiou Jan, Chia-Wei Lin Chapter 7 - The Role of Autophagy in Cell Death, Pages 139-154, Shensi Shen, Patrice Codogno Chapter 8 - The Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Mitochondrial Diseases, Pages 155-172, Marina Villanueva Paz, David Cotán, Mario D. Cordero, Juan Garrido Maraver, Manuel Oropesa-Ávila, Mario de la Mata, Ana Delgado Pavón, Elisabet Alcócer Gómez, Isabel de Lavera, José A. Sánchez Alcázar Chapter 9 - Autophagy Regulation by HMGB1 in Disease, Pages 173-185, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang Chapter 10 - Autophagy Defects and Lafora Disease, Pages 187-195, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Subramaniam Ganesh Chapter 11 - Regulation of Autophagy in Parkinson’s Disease: Insights into New Therapeutic Targets, Pages 197-212, Ana Raquel Esteves, Diana Filipa Silva, Maria Gonçalves-Fernandes, Rui Gomes, Sandra Morais Cardoso Chapter 12 - Role of Autophagy in Cancer Development via Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Pages 215-229, Bo Liu, Gu He Chapter 13 - Role of Autophagy in Cancer Therapy, Pages 231-251, Yuting Ma Chapter 14 - The Role of Autophagy in Cancer and Chemotherapy, Pages 253-265, He Liu, Zhaoyue He, Hans-Uwe Simon Chapter 15 - Autophagy Activation in the Tumor Microenvironment: A Major Process in Shaping the Antitumor Immune Response, Pages 267-290, Bassam Janji, Elodie Viry, Takouhie Mgrditchian, Tsolere Arakelian, Sandrine Medves, Guy Berchem Chapter 16 - Omega-3 DHA and EPA Conjugates Trigger Autophagy Through PPARγ Activation in Human Breast Cancer Cells, Pages 291-305, Daniela Bonofiglio, Marilena Lanzino, Cinzia Giordano, Stefania Catalano, Sebastiano Andò Chapter 17 - Pro-oxidative Phytoagents Induce Autophagy in Tumors: Villain or Benefactor in Cancer Treatment?, Pages 307-323, Peng-Nian Yew, Kan-Fu Oh, Wai-Leng Lee Abbreviations and Glossary, Pages 325-333 Index, Pages 335-348

Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable guide to both cellular processes while inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections. Volume 8 Autophagy and Human Diseases, concentrates on the role of Autophagy in human diseases, including tumorigenesis. The diseases discussed include melanoma, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes neurodegeneration (Alzheimers disease, Huntington’s disease, Parkin’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). Melanoma is one of the most serious diseases in humans. Autophagy plays a key role in the anticancer response to Chemotherapy. However, autophagy can increase or decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The reasons for these contradictory effects are explained. Autophagy also plays a role in idiopathic inflammatory diseases, infection, and immunity. An explanation is given how autophagy is closely linked to control of innate and adaptive immune responses in host defense in part by regulating cytokine production. The role of autophagy in cutaneous malignant melanoma is discussed in detail and expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 autophagic genes in melanoma is included to explain the molecular mechanisms underlying this very serious disease, which tends to metastasize to the brain. The effect of the treatment of this disease using Terfenadine through the induction of autophagy and apoptosis is also included. Autophagy and apoptosis are two main mechanisms involved in programmed cell death.

Considering that autophagy is associated with numerous biological processes including cellular development and differentiation, cancer (both antitumor and protumor functions), immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases, there is a great need to understanding its role. Cell homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis and cellular turnover. In spite of the increasing importance of autophagy in various pathophysiological situations (conditions) mentioned above, this process remains underestimated and overlooked. As a consequence, its role in the initiation, stability, maintenance, and progression of these and other diseases (e.g., autoimmune disease) remains poorly understood.

Volumes in the Series