Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders serves as an essential guide and concise, focused introduction to the progress and promise of autism research and evidence-based and targeted treatments. Since the initial descriptions by Kanner and Asperger more than 75 years ago of what are now recognized as the autism spectrum disorders, understanding of the neurobiological, psychosocial, and genetic aspects of these disorders has changed radically. The editors have assembled a formidable roster of experts on autism spectrum disorders, as well as on genetics, epidemiology, environmental toxicity, occupational therapy, and other fields that contribute to our understanding of the etiology and treatment of these complex disorders, to create a book that is cutting edge, yet accessible enough to be suitable for families as well as for clinicians. The book s emphasis on types of assessment, genetic testing and counseling, and medical and psychological treatment will be exceedingly useful to health care providers navigating the new diagnostic criteria introduced in DSM-5, and to parents plotting a course for their child's care. Well-written, authoritative, and evidence-based, Autism Spectrum Disorders fills a void in the literature and meets the needs of a growing audience. In Dsm-5, Published In 2013, The Classification Of Autism Spectrum Disorder (asd) Was Created, Subsuming Several Diagnoses And Representing A Significant Evolution From Its First Appearance In The Dsm-iii Three Decades Earlier. Autism Spectrum Disorders Reflects This Evolution, Offering Clinicians And Families A Succinct, Definitive, And Up-to-date Guide To Current Research In The Field And Its Impact On Assessment And Treatment. The Book Begins With The Epidemiology Of Asds, Which Have Increased In Prevalence, And Explores Genetic Heritability And Environmental Risk Factors. It Then Explains The Roles Of The Psychiatrist, Neurologist And Pediatrician In Assessing The Patient, Examines Assessment Tools And Processes, And Describes The Latest Advances In A Variety Of Treatments And Interventions. The Text's Focus Is On Educating And Empowering Families And Health Care Providers To Determine Whether Appropriate Genetic Testing And Counseling Have Been Undertaken, Whether The Individual Has Had The Relevant Assessment, And Whether Skilled Behavioral Treatment And Additional Medical Assessment Or Treatment Are Required. Specifically, The Text: * Reviews Existing Prevalence Estimates For Asds Since 2000 And Discusses Methodological Factors Impacting The Estimation Of Prevalence And The Interpretation Of Changes In Prevalence Estimates Over Time.* Evaluates Genomic And Epigenomic Research Over The Last Decade In The Context Of Translating Findings To Practice, In Terms Of Testing (e.g., Copy Number Variants And Whole-exome Sequencing) And Counseling.* Examines The Role Of Environmental Toxicity In Immune Dysregulation, Which Has Now Been Noted Among Individuals With Asd And Their Family Members By Numerous Studies. * Reviews Medical And Cognitive Assessments That May Be Needed.* Reviews Targeted Treatments That Have The Potential To Reverse Neurobiological Abnormalities In Asd* Reviews Behavioral Treatments That Are Effective In Promoting Development And Improving Behavior.* Describes The Developmental, Individual Difference, Relationship-based (dir) Model, A Comprehensive Developmental Theory With Relevance Across The Lifespan, Which Targets The Core Deficits Of Asd Identified In Dsm-5.* Provides An Overview Of School-based Interventions For Students With Autism, Exploring The Rationale For Conducting School-based Research And Examining Existing Teacher-, Paraprofessional-, And Peer-mediated Interventions School-based Interventions.* Explores Other Approaches To Asds, Such As Complementary And Integrative Approaches And Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Technologies, Including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. The Push For Early Screening Is Resulting In Earlier Diagnosis Of Asds And The Provision Of Evidence-based Interventions That Have A Positive Impact On Outcomes. Autism Spectrum Disorders Provides A Bench-to-bedside Guide That Is Essential Reading For Health Care Providers And Families Facing The Challenges Inherent In These Complex Disorders. Contents 6 Contributors 10 Foreword 16 1 Epidemiology • Julianne Myers, Alison Presmanes Hill, Katharine Zuckerman, Eric Fombonne 18 2 Genomics and Epigenomics • Fereydoun Hormozdiari, Megan Y. Dennis, Janine M. LaSalle 66 3 Environmental Toxicity andImmune Dysregulation • Judy Van de Water, Isaac N. Pessah 94 4 Psychiatric Assessment and Pharmacological Treatment • Casara Jean Ferretti, Bonnie P. Taylor, Jacqueline Shinall, Eric Hollander 128 5 Pediatric and Neurological Assessment and Targeted Treatments • Andrew Ligsay, Jennifer M. Bain, Jeremy Veenstra-Vander Weele, Randi Hagerman 160 6 Cognitive Assessment • Marianne Barton, Julia Chen, Cara Cordeaux, Deborah Fein 192 7 Behavioral Treatments • Rebecca P.F. MacDonald, Diana Parry-Cruwys, Pamela Peterson 212 8 The DIR® (Developmental, Individual Difference, Relationship-Based) Model: A Parent-Mediated Approach to Interdisciplinary Assessment and Comprehensive Intervention • Serena Wieder, Gilbert M. Foley, 248 9 Autism Interventions in Schools • Christina Kang Toolan, Connie Kasari 270 10 Language, Communication, and Occupational Therapy Interventions • Leonard Abbeduto, Laura Greiss Hess, Julia Wilbarger, Andrea McDuffie 294 11 Complementary andIntegrative Approaches • Robert L. Hendren, Felicia Widjaja, Brittany Lawton 324 12 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation • Peter G. Enticott, Stefano Pallanti, Eric Hollander 346 Index 360 "Autism spectrum disorders serves as an essential guide and concise, focused introduction to the progress and promise of autism research and evidence-based and targeted treatments. Since the initial descriptions by Kanner and Asperger more than 75 years ago of what are now recognized as the autism spectrum disorders, understanding of the neurobiological, psychosocial, and genetic aspects of these disorders has changed radically. The editors have assembled a formidable roster of experts on autism spectrum disorders, as well as on genetics, epidemiology, environmental toxicity, occupational therapy, and other fields that contribute to our understanding of the etiology and treatment of these complex disorders, to create a book that is cutting edge, yet accessible enough to be suitable for families as well as for clinicians. The book's emphasis on types of assessment, genetic testing and counseling, and medical and psychological treatment will be exceedingly useful to health care providers navigating the new diagnostic criteria introduced in DSM-5 and to parents plotting a course for their child's care."--Page 4 de la couverture