Atherosclerosis VI : Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium

In 1982 Berlin was host for the second time to the International Symposium on Atherosclerosis. In 1973 the third symposium was held there, following the first in Athens -opened by the unforgettable Paul D. White -and the second in Chicago, where the great gentlemen of atherosclerosis research - Louis Katz and Irving Page - left their special imprint on the meeting. Since the third symposium in Berlin impressive advances have been made in the field of atherosclerosis. The symposia in Tokyo in 1976 and in Houston in 1979 introduced important new knowledge from current research, stimulating worldwide interest; Berlin highlighted the latest developments. The International Atherosclerosis Society (lAS) provides an international forum for the entire field of atherosclerosis research. Its main purpose is to apply the results of basic research to clinical medicine, and thereby to benefit the practitioner. Prevention and rehabilitation are of special importance. Intensified international cooperation is urgently needed at all levels. A declared goal of the lAS is contact between young investigators and between international research and work groups. Participating in the Berlin meeting were 1400 researchers from 42 nations. This illustrates the growing interest in atherosclerosis as the leading cause of death in "developed" societies. However, the incidence of atherosclerosis is increasing worldwide, although there are national differences in the pattern and appearance of the disease; this was documented at the Berlin Symposium. Front Matter....Pages I-XXVIII Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Atherosclerosis. The Major Problem in Man....Pages 3-11 Clinical Aspects of Atherosclerosis — Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Evaluation of Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 12-22 Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Evaluation. Peripheral Artery Disease....Pages 23-28 Atherosclerosis. Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Evaluation — Cerebrovascular Disease....Pages 29-33 Clinical Aspects of Atherosclerosis. Role of Coronary Artery Spasm....Pages 34-40 Conservative Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 41-46 Conservative Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease....Pages 47-51 An Introduction to Atherosclerosis in Children....Pages 55-59 Clinical and Anatomic Correlates of Cardiovascular Disease in Children from the Bogalusa Heart Study....Pages 60-65 Dietary Prevention of Atherosclerosis in Childhood....Pages 66-70 Early Indicators for the Risk of Atherogenesis. A Field Test of a New Methodology on German and Japanese Kindergarten Children in Düsseldorf....Pages 71-76 Morphologic Changes in Coronary Arteries of Children in Different Geographic Locations....Pages 77-81 Structure and Ultrastructure of the Coronary Artery Intima in Children and Young Adults Up to Age 29....Pages 82-86 The Natural History of Aortic Atherosclerosis in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults....Pages 87-94 Immunohistology of Aortic Fatty Streaks in Children and Adults....Pages 95-98 Heterogeneity of Genetic Transmission of Familial Hypercholesterolemia (F. H.) from Direct Parents in 20 Families of Homozygotes Type IIa....Pages 101-105 The Impact of Analbuminemia on Lipid Transport and Lipoproteins....Pages 106-110 Familial Hypertriglyceridemia: Incidence, Genetics and Possible Defect in Cellular Metabolism....Pages 111-113 Phytosterolemia....Pages 114-118 Familial Chylomicronaemia Due to a Circulating Inhibitor of Lipoprotein Lipase....Pages 119-122 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Experimental Nonhuman Primate Atherosclerosis....Pages 125-129 Platelets and Atherogenesis in Normal and von Willebrand Disease Pigs....Pages 130-134 Lipid Accumulation in the Rabbit Aortic Wall in Response to Injury....Pages 135-139 WHHL Rabbit. A Heritable Animal Model of Familial Hypercholesterolemia....Pages 140-143 Hypertensive Rat Models of Atherosclerosis....Pages 144-148 Seeking for More Similarity Between Animal Models and Human Atherosclerosis....Pages 149-149 Lipoproteins, Blood Cells and Endothelial Integrity in Atherosclerosis: What Role for Eicosanoids?....Pages 150-150 Chairman’s Comments on the Discussion at the Workshop on Measurement of Atherosclerosis....Pages 153-154 Measurement of Regression in Atherosclerosis....Pages 155-159 Measurement of Monotypism in Atherosclerosis....Pages 160-164 Measurement of Human Atherosclerosis....Pages 165-169 Identification of the Gelatinous Lesion....Pages 170-173 Quantitation of Certain Qualitative Differences in the Atherosclerotic Process....Pages 174-179 Chairman’s Introduction to Workshop on Regression....Pages 183-186 Preliminary Report on Coronary Lesions and Serum Lipids Before and After 2 Years Dietary Intervention in 22 Patients....Pages 187-196 Measurement of Atherosclerosis by Arteriography and Microdensitometry: Model and Clinical Investigations....Pages 197-201 Role of Macrophages in Regression of Swine Atherosclerosis....Pages 202-206 Potential for Atherosclerosis Regression in Perspective....Pages 207-211 The Biochemical Basis for Anatomical Regression of Atherosclerosis....Pages 212-216 The Endothelial Changes During Regression of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Animal Models....Pages 217-220 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Diet and Carcinogenesis....Pages 223-227 Effects of Dietary Cholesterol and Saturated Fat on the Appearance of HDLc in Peripheral and Cardic Lymph....Pages 228-232 Dietary Fibres for Prevention of CVD....Pages 233-237 Dietary Cholesterol and Plasma Lipoproteins....Pages 238-241 Experience with Soybean Protein Diets in Treating Hypercholesterolemias....Pages 242-246 Dietary Fatty Acids as Prostaglandin Precursors....Pages 247-250 Effects of Dietary Treatment on Lipoplitic Activities and Lipids and Apolipoproteins in Patiens with Uremia....Pages 251-255 Introduction....Pages 259-261 Therapeutical Effects of Endurance Training in Primary Hyperlipoproteinemia....Pages 262-267 Atherosclerotic Disease in Non-Human Primates: Its Prevention and Regression by Moderate Conditioning Exercise....Pages 268-270 The Effect of Different Types of Exercise on Serum Lipids....Pages 271-275 Physical Exercise as Protection Against Heart Attack....Pages 276-280 Exercise and Fibrinolysis....Pages 281-285 Regulation of Serum Triglycerides in Trained Subjects....Pages 286-289 Exercise and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites: Effect of Adrenergic Beta Blockade....Pages 290-290 Effect of Physical Training on Blood Pressure and Serum Lipoproteins in Middle-Aged Men with Borderline Hypertension....Pages 291-291 The Treatment of Hyperlipaemia by Gemfibrozil: A Comparison with Clofibrate....Pages 295-299 Lipid-Lowering Agents and Apolipoproteins B, A-I and A-II — A Long-term Study....Pages 300-305 Compliance and Cholestorol-Lowering in Clinical Trials: Efficacy of Diet....Pages 306-310 Long-Term Treatment of Hypercholesterolaemia with Guar Gum: Comparison with Probucol....Pages 311-314 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Gross Endothelial Layer Blistering and Vascular Injury....Pages 317-321 Haemodynamic Influences on Platelets in Haemostasis and Thrombosis....Pages 322-326 Effect of Stresses on the Uptake of Material by the Arterial Wall....Pages 327-330 Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in the Treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease....Pages 331-335 Metabolic and Haemodynamic Effects of Plasma-Exchange in Familial Hypercholesterolemia....Pages 336-340 Front Matter....Pages 341-341 Role of Endothelial Dysfunction in Vivo in Smooth Muscle Proliferation....Pages 343-349 Derivation and Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques....Pages 350-360 Hemodynamics as a Factor in Lesion Localization....Pages 361-369 Role of Connective Tissue in the Arterio-Atherosclerotic Process. Interest of a Cell-Matrix Directed Pharmacology....Pages 370-380 Arterial Wall Cells and Mitogens....Pages 381-382 The Microcarrier Co-Culture System: Interactions Between Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro....Pages 385-389 Intermediate Filaments of the Vascular Wall....Pages 390-394 A Putative Mechanism for the Conversion of Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells into Foam Cells that Bypasses the Autoregulatory LDL Receptor-Mediated Process....Pages 395-399 Structure and Function of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells....Pages 400-400 Altered Growth Stimulation and LDL Degradation in Human Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells (ASMC) and Fibroblasts (F) by Low Molecular Weight Serum Factors from Typre II Diabetics....Pages 401-402 Platelet-Derived Growth Factors: Properties and Biologic Activities....Pages 405-409 Preparation and Characterisation of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor....Pages 410-415 Effects of PDGF and Endothelial Cell Products on Cellular Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism in Human Fibroblasts....Pages 416-420 Site of Action of LCAT in Plasma....Pages 423-427 The Isolation and Partial Characterisation of Two Lipid Transfer Proteins (LTP-I and LTP-II), Each of Which Facilitates the Transfer of Esterified Cholesterol, Triglyceride and Phospholipid Between Plasma Lipoproteins....Pages 428-431 Front Matter....Pages 341-341 Besides Blockage of the Synthesis of HMG-CoA Reductase, Cycloheximide also Inhibits its Degradation....Pages 432-435 Intestinal HMG-CoA Reductase: Regulation and Function....Pages 436-440 Fluid-Phase Pinocytosis in Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells....Pages 443-447 Interaction of Platelets, Macrophages and Lipoproteins in Relation to Atherogenes....Pages 448-451 Role of Macrophage Foam Cells in Arterial Lesions....Pages 452-456 Chemotactic Responses of Monocyte-Macrophages. A Possible Mechanism for Their Migration into Atherosclerotic Lesions....Pages 457-461 Macrophages in Coronary Artery and Aortic Intima and in Atherosclerotic Lesions of Children and Young Adults up to Age 29....Pages 462-466 Front Matter....Pages 467-467 Structure-Function Relationships in the Plasma Lipoproteins....Pages 469-479 Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins....Pages 480-488 Apolipoprotein E and Cholesterol Metabolsim....Pages 489-501 Selective Removal of Plasma Low-Density Lipoproteins by Combined Extracorporeal Plasma Separation-Immunoadsorption....Pages 502-507 Apolipoprotein Mutants and Apolipoprotein Disorders....Pages 511-515 Determination of Plasma Apolipoprotein Profiles....Pages 516-521 The Plasma Cholesterol: Cholesterol-Ester Cycle....Pages 522-526 Pathogenesis of Secondary Hyperlipoproteinemia....Pages 527-532 Surface Organization of the Apolipoproteins of Plasma High Density Lipoproteins and Relevance to Functions....Pages 533-536 Receptor Interactions of Human Apolipoprotein E....Pages 537-542 Effects of Hormones on Plasma Lipoprotein Concentrations....Pages 543-547 Monoclonal Antibody as a Probe for Structural and Functional Studies of the LDL Receptor....Pages 551-552 The Role of Receptors in Apolipoprotein B Metabolism....Pages 553-558 Front Matter....Pages 467-467 Factors Influencing Receptor-Mediated Low Density Lipoprotein Catabolism....Pages 559-563 Rat and Human Lipoprotein Utilization by Cultured Rat Ovary Granulosa Cells....Pages 564-568 Contribution of Apoprotein B Production Rate in the Regulation of Lipoprotein Levels in Man....Pages 571-575 Measurements of C Apoprotein Kinetics in Man....Pages 576-579 Regulation of Rat Liver Apolipoprotein E mRNA and Cloning of Its cDNA....Pages 580-584 Effect of LP-X on Hepatic Cholesterol Synthesis....Pages 585-590 Apolipoprotein Research: A Multidisciplinary Task....Pages 593-594 Significance of Apolipoproteins for the Biochemical Profile of Atherosclerosis....Pages 595-597 Regulation of Lipoprotein Gene Expression....Pages 598-601 Apolipoprotein AIV Metabolism in Man....Pages 602-605 Mechanism of Action of Lipoprotein Lipase: Role of Apolipoprotein C-II....Pages 606-610 Human Apolipoprotein Mutants....Pages 611-615 Use of Specific Antibodies in the Study of the Function of Lipoprotein Lipase....Pages 619-622 The Role of Hepatic Triglyceride Lipase in Primates....Pages 623-627 Function of Hepatic Endothelial Lipase in Lipoprotein Metabolism....Pages 628-632 Genetic Regulation of Lipoprotein Lipase....Pages 633-635 Lipoprotein Lipase: Apolipoprotein C-II Interactions Studied by Fluorescence and Monoclonal Antibodies....Pages 636-639 Front Matter....Pages 641-641 Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Human Platelets....Pages 643-648 Factors Influencing the Growth, Stability and Fate of Arterial Thrombi....Pages 649-658 Biosynthesis and Some Biological Properties of Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes....Pages 659-668 Front Matter....Pages 641-641 Interactions Between Lipoproteins and PGI 2 Under Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Conditions....Pages 669-675 Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor on the Metabolism of Glycerolipids and Arachidonic Acid in Cultured Cells....Pages 679-683 The Phosphatidylinositol Response and the Activation of Platelets....Pages 684-688 Platelet Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Platelet Aggregation....Pages 689-693 Regulatory Function of the Cellular Thiol-Disulfide Status in the Metabolic Control of Human Blood Platelet Aggregation....Pages 694-698 The Formation of Eicosanoids During Inflammation....Pages 701-703 Prostaglandins, Cyclic Nucleotides and Atherosclerosis....Pages 704-708 Prostacyclin Formation, Plasma Factor, Platelet Sensitivity and Prostacyclin Degradation in Coronary Heart Disease....Pages 709-714 Vascular Resistance and Platelet Function on Cardiovascular Drugs and Diets Affecting Prostanoid Formation....Pages 715-720 Front Matter....Pages 721-721 Coronary Heart Disease — Geographical Differences and Time Trends....Pages 723-732 Coronary Disease Risk Factors: A Population View....Pages 733-744 Pediatric Precursors of Atherosclerosis....Pages 745-758 Intervention on Single Risk Factors: Hyperlipoproteinemia....Pages 759-766 Intervention of Single Risk Factor: Hypertension....Pages 767-771 Intervention of Single Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis: Thrombosis....Pages 772-782 Intervention on Smoking: An Individual and Collective Challenge....Pages 783-790 Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trials....Pages 791-795 Pharmacological Approach to the Prevention of Atherosclerosis....Pages 796-804 Role of Lipid Profiles in Assessing Atherogenesis....Pages 807-810 Plasma Lipids and Lipoprotein Cholesterol Distributions and US-USSR Steering Committee for Cardiovascular Area I: Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis....Pages 811-815 Front Matter....Pages 721-721 The Belgian Heart Disease Prevention Project: Six Years Coronary Risk Factor Evolution....Pages 816-820 Pecularities of Coronary Heart Disease in the French Population....Pages 821-825 The Fate of the Patient with OPAD Detected at an Early Stage. Preliminary Data on an 11-year Follow-up of 239 Men with OPAD and 239 Controls....Pages 826-829 Population Attributable Events — Implications for Prevention....Pages 830-834 Risk Factors in Insulin Dependent Diabetics....Pages 835-835 Contribution to the Discussion....Pages 836-836 Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Preventive Community Programmes in Austria....Pages 837-837 Clinical Associations of Hypocholesterolaemia....Pages 841-846 On a Possible Inverse Relationship Between Plasma Cholesterol and the Risk of Cancer. The Framingham Study....Pages 847-851 Cholesterol and Steroid Hormone Metabolism in Abetalipoproteinemia....Pages 852-856 Associations Between Plasma Cholesterol, Cell Membrane Composition and Fluidity, and Retinoid Concentrations in a Normal Male Population....Pages 857-861 The Prognostic Significance of Hypocholesterolemia in Hospitalized Patients....Pages 862-864 The Association of Low Serum Cholesterol Level to the Risk of Cancer. Significance with Respect to Dietary Modification for Coronary Heart Disease Prevention....Pages 865-867 Serum Cholesterol and Cancer Mortality in White Males: Social Class Effects, Evans County Twenty Year Follow-Up Study....Pages 868-872 Carbon Monoxide and Atherosclerosis....Pages 875-877 The Influence of Smoking on Plasmalipoproteins....Pages 878-882 Smoking and Atherosclerotic Disease. The Oslo Study....Pages 883-887 Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease in Different Countries in Relation to Smoking....Pages 888-892 Smoking and Atherosclerosis: Risk Factor Reduction....Pages 893-898 Nicotine and Atherosclerosis....Pages 899-902 Front Matter....Pages 721-721 Smoking: A Pediatric Disease....Pages 903-907 Smoking and Lipid Metabolism....Pages 908-908 The Influence of Smoking on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure....Pages 909-910 Current Japanese Situations on Secondary Prevention and Lipid Lowering Drugs....Pages 913-919 Serum Lipid Lowering in Secondary Prevention: A Review....Pages 920-925 A Controlled Trial of Substantial Reduction of Plasma Lipids in Symptomatic Atherosclerosis: An Angiographic Study....Pages 926-929 Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias (Posch). A Secondary Intervention Trial — 4-Year Lipid Results....Pages 930-935 Platelet-Vessel Wall Interactions in Human and Experimental Hypercholesterolemia....Pages 936-941 Secondary Prevention of Ischaemic Heart Disease by the Combined Treatment with Clofibrate and Nicotinic Acid....Pages 942-944 Front Matter....Pages 945-945 Introduction....Pages 947-948 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity....Pages 949-951 Hypertension in Obesity....Pages 952-954 Surgical Risks in Obese Patients....Pages 955-959 Obesity and Lipoprotein Metabolism....Pages 960-963 Another Look at Body Weight, Health and Longevity....Pages 964-966 Status of a Computerized, Angiographic Regression Trial (CLAS)....Pages 969-971 Back Matter....Pages 973-984