ASME A17.1-2016/CSA B44-16 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators

This Code covers the design, construction, operation, inspection, testing, maintenance, alteration, and repair of the following equipment and its associated parts, rooms, spaces, and hoistways, where located in or adjacent to a building or (a) hoisting and lowering mechanisms, equipped with a car, that move between two or more landings. This equipment includes, but is not limited to elevators. (b) power-driven stairways and walkways for carrying persons between landings. This equipment includes, but is not limited to escalators and moving walks. (c) hoisting and lowering mechanisms equipped with a car that serves two or more landings and is restricted to the carrying of material by its limited size or limited access to the car. This equipment includes, but is not limited to dumbwaiters and material lifts; it does not include vertical reciprocating conveyors CONTENTS......Page 4 ASME FOREWORD......Page 9 Regulatory Advisory Council......Page 14 ELEVATORS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE......Page 15 HAND AND SIDEWALK ELEVATOR COMMITTEE......Page 16 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS COMMITTEE......Page 17 NEW TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE......Page 18 WIND TURBINE ELEVATOR COMMITTEE......Page 19 CSA B44.1/ASME A17.5 JOINT COMMITTEE ON ELEVATOR AND ESCALATOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT......Page 20 ASME ELEVATOR PUBLICATIONS......Page 22 CORRESPONDENCE WITH A17 COMMITTEE......Page 23 CSA PREFACE......Page 25 SUMMARY OF CHANGES......Page 26 SECTION 1.1 SCOPE......Page 36 SECTION 1.3 DEFINITIONS......Page 37 SECTION 2.1 CONSTRUCTION OF HOISTWAYS AND HOISTWAY ENCLOSURES......Page 54 SECTION 2.2 PITS......Page 56 SECTION 2.3 LOCATION AND GUARDING OF COUNTERWElGHTS......Page 58 SECTION 2.4 VERTICAL CLEARANCES AND RUNBYS FOR CARS AND COUNTERWEIGHTS......Page 59 SECTION 2.5 HORIZONTAL CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT CLEARANCES......Page 61 SECTION 2.7 MACHINERY SPACES, MACHINE ROOMS, CONTROL SPACES, AND CONTROL ROOMS......Page 62 SECTION 2.8 EQUIPMENT IN HOISTWAYS, MACHINERY SPACES, MACHINE ROOMS, CONTROL SPACES, AND CONTROL ROOMS......Page 70 SECTION 2.9 MACHINERY AND SHEAVE BEAMS, SUPPORTS, AND FOUNDATIONS......Page 72 SECTION 2.11 PROTECTION OF HOISTWAY OPENINGS......Page 74 SECTION 2.12 HOISTWAY DOOR LOCKING DEVICES AND ELECTRIC CONTACTS, AND HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCHES......Page 82 SECTION 2.13 POWER OPERATION OF HOISTWAY DOORS AND CAR DOORS......Page 87 SECTION 2.14 CAR ENCLOSURES, CAR DOORS AND GATES, AND CAR ILLUMINATION......Page 92 SECTION 2.15 CAR FRAMES AND PLATFORMS......Page 102 Table 2.15.10.1 Maximum Allowable Stresses in Car Frame and Platform Members and Connections, for Steels Specified in 2.15.6.2.1 and 2.15.6.2.2......Page 105 SECTION 2.17 CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES......Page 110 SECTION 2.18 SPEED GOVERNORS......Page 113 Table 2.18.7.4 Multiplier for Determining Governor Sheave Pitch Diameter......Page 116 SECTION 2.20 SUSPENSION MEANS AND THEIR CONNECTIONS......Page 118 SECTION 2.21 COUNTERWEIGHTS......Page 127 Table 2.22.3.1 Minimum Spring Buffer Strokes......Page 128 SECTION 2.23 CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT GUIDE RAILS, GUIDEÃRAIL SUPPORTS, AND FASTENINGS......Page 131 Table 2.23.10.2 Minimum Size of Rail-Fastening Bolts......Page 140 SECTION 2.25 TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICES......Page 143 SECTION 2.26 OPERATING DEVICES AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT......Page 147 SECTION 2.27 EMERGENCY OPERATION AND SIGNALING DEVICES......Page 158 SECTION 2.29 IDENTIFICATION......Page 175 SECTION 2.30 SWAY CONTROL GUIDES......Page 176 SECTION 3.4 BOTTOM AND TOP CLEARANCES AND RUNBYS FOR CARS AND COUNTERWEIGHTS......Page 177 SECTION 3.6 PROTECTION OF SPACES BELOW HOISTWAY......Page 178 SECTION 3.9 MACHINERY AND SHEAVE BEAMS, SUPPORTS, AND FOUNDATIONS......Page 179 SECTION 3.15 CAR FRAMES AND PLATFORMS......Page 180 SECTION 3.17 CAR SAFETIES, COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES, PLUNGER GRIPPER, AND GOVERNORS......Page 181 SECTION 3.18 HYDRAULIC JACKS......Page 183 SECTION 3.19 VALVES, PRESSURE PIPING, AND FITTINGS......Page 185 SECTION 3.22 BUFFERS AND BUMPERS......Page 188 SECTION 3.25 TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICES......Page 189 SECTION 3.26 OPERATING DEVICES AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT......Page 191 SECTION 3.27 EMERGENCY OPERATION AND SIGNALING DEVICES......Page 193 SECTION 3.29 IDENTIFICATION......Page 194 SECTION 4.1 RACK-AND-PINION ELEVATORS......Page 195 SECTION 4.2 SCREW-COLUMN ELEVATORS......Page 202 SECTION 4.3 HAND ELEVATORS......Page 205 SECTION 5.1 INCLINED ELEVATORS......Page 209 SECTION 5.2 LIMITED-USE/LIMITED-APPLICATION ELEVATORS......Page 215 SECTION 5.4 PRIVATE RESIDENCE INCLINED ELEVATORS......Page 229 SECTION 5.5 POWER SIDEWALK ELEVATORS......Page 232 SECTION 5.6 ROOFTOP ELEVATORS......Page 236 SECTION 5.7 SPECIAL PURPOSE PERSONNEL ELEVATORS......Page 239 SECTION 5.9 MINE ELEVATORS......Page 247 SECTION 5.10 ELEVATORS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION......Page 251 SECTION 5.12 OUTSIDE EMERGENCY ELEVATORS......Page 255 SECTION 6.1 ESCALATORS......Page 257 SECTION 6.2 MOVING WALKS......Page 270 SECTION 7.1 POWER AND HAND DUMBWAITERS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 281 SECTION 7.2 ELECTRIC AND HAND DUMBWAITERS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 286 SECTION 7.3 HYDRAULIC DUMBWAITERS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 292 SECTION 7.4 MATERIAL LIFTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 293 SECTION 7.5 ELECTRIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 297 SECTION 7.6 HYDRAULIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 303 SECTION 7.7 AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 304 SECTION 7.9 ELECTRIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITH AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES......Page 305 Table 7.9.2.15 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes......Page 307 SECTION 8.1 SECURITY......Page 308 SECTION 8.2 DESIGN DATA AND FORMULAS......Page 309 SECTION 8.3 ENGINEERING TESTS, TYPE TESTS, AND CERTIFICATION......Page 328 SECTION 8.4 ELEVATOR SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS......Page 339 SECTION 8.5 ESCALATOR AND MOVING WALK SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS......Page 365 Table 8.5.5 Component-Based Allowable Design Stresses......Page 368 SECTION 8.7 ALTERATIONS......Page 392 SECTION 8.8 WELDING......Page 411 SECTION 8.10 ACCEPTANCE INSPECTIONS AND TESTS......Page 412 SECTION 8.11 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS AND WITNESSING OF TESTS......Page 429 SECTION 8.12 FLOOD RESISTANCES......Page 436 Part 9 Reference Codes, Standards, and Specifications......Page 437 Figures......Page 6 Table 2.16.1.1 Maximum Inside Net Platform Areas for the Various Rated Loads......Page 106 Table 2.20.9.4.5 Relation of Rope Diameter to Diameter of the Small Socket Hole......Page 123 Table 2.23.3 T-Section Guide-Rail Dimensions......Page 132 Fig. 2.23.4.1-1 Maximum Weight of a Car With Rated Load or of Counterweight With Safety Device for a Pair of Guide Rails as Specified in 2.23.4.1......Page 134 Fig. 2.23.4.1-2 Minimum Moment of Inertia About x-x Axis for a Single Guide Rail With Its Reinforcement......Page 135 Fig. 2.27.3.1.6(h) Visual Signal......Page 164 Fig. 2.27.3.3.7 Panel Layout......Page 167 Fig. 2.27.7.1 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation Instructions......Page 170 Fig. 2.27.7.2 Phase II Emergency In-Car Operation......Page 171 Fig. 2.27.8 FEO-K1 Key......Page 172 Fig. 2.27.9 Elevator Corridor Call Station Pictograph......Page 173 Table 5.1.17.4.4 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes at Given Angle From Horizontal......Page 214 Fig. 6.1.3.3.10 Dimensions......Page 259 Fig. 6.1.6.9.1 Caution Sign......Page 268 Fig. 8.2.1.2 Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators......Page 310 Fig. 8.2.2.5.1 Turning Moment Based on Class of Loading......Page 313 Fig. 8.2.4 Gravity Stopping Distances......Page 315 Fig. 8.2.5 Maximum Governor Tripping Speeds......Page 316 Fig. 8.2.6 Stopping Distances for Type B Car and Counterweight Safeties......Page 318 Fig. 8.2.7 Minimum Factors of Safety of Suspension Members of Power Passenger and Freight Elevators......Page 321 Fig. 8.2.8.1.1 Allowable Gross Loads......Page 323 Fig. 8.2.9.1.3 Load Distribution......Page 327 Fig. 8.4.3.1.3 Arc of Contact......Page 340 Fig. 8.4.8.2-1 12 kg/m (8 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 343 Fig. 8.4.8.2-2 16.5 kg/m (11 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 344 Fig. 8.4.8.2-3 18 kg/m (12 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 345 Fig. 8.4.8.2-4 22.5 kg/m (15 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 346 Fig. 8.4.8.2-5 27.5 kg/m (18.5 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 347 Fig. 8.4.8.2-6 33.5 kg/m (22.5 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 348 Fig. 8.4.8.2-7 44.5 kg/m (30 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing......Page 349 Fig. 8.4.8.2-8 Car and Counterweight Load Factor......Page 350 Fig. 8.4.8.9 Guide-Rail Axes......Page 354 Fig. 8.4.10.1.1 Earthquake Elevator Equipment Requirements Diagrammatic Representation......Page 355 Fig. 8.4.10.1.3 Earthquake Emergency Operation Diagrammatic Representation......Page 357 Fig. 8.5.1 Balustrade Handrail Force......Page 367 Fig. 8.6.8.15.19(e)......Page 388 Fig. A-1......Page 449 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B UNLOCKING ZONE......Page 450 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C LOCATION OF TOP EMERGENCY EXIT......Page 451 E-20.6.1 General.......Page 459 E-20.7.3 Rate of Change.......Page 460 Fig. F-1 Ascending Car Overspeed Protection (2.19.1)......Page 463 Fig. F-2 Unintended Car Movement Protection (2.19.2)......Page 464 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G TOP-OF-CAR CLEARANCE......Page 465 Fig. G-3 Top-of-Car Marking Requirements......Page 466 Fig. G-4 Additional Top-of-Car Marking Requirements......Page 467 Fig. G-5 Additional Top-of-Car Clearance Requirements......Page 468 Fig. G-6 Additional Top-of-Car Clearance......Page 469 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX H PRIVATE RESIDENCE ELEVATOR GUARDING 5.3.1.6.2......Page 470 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX I ESCALATOR AND MOVING WALK DIAGRAMS......Page 471 Fig. I-3 Escalator Nomenclature......Page 472 Fig. I-5 Ceiling or Soffit Guard......Page 473 Fig. I-8 Cleated Riser......Page 474 Fig. I-9 Moving Walk Geometry......Page 475 Fig. I-11 Stopping Distances Corresponding to a Deceleration Rate of 0.91 m/s2......Page 476 Fig. I-12 Clearance Between Escalator Steps......Page 477 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX J RELATIONSHIP OF PIT LADDER TO HOISTWAY DOOR UNLOCKING MEANS......Page 478 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX K BEVELING AND CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS 7.4.7.4......Page 479 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX M INERTIA APPLICATION FOR TYPE A SAFETY DEVICE LOCATION OF TEST WEIGHT 8.10.2.2.2ii2......Page 485 Fig. Q-4......Page 496 Fig. Q-6......Page 497 Fig. S-1......Page 501 Fig. S-2......Page 502 Fig. S-3......Page 503 Fig. S-4......Page 504 Fig. S-5......Page 505 Fig. S-6......Page 506 Fig. S-7......Page 507 Fig. S-8......Page 508 Fig. S-9......Page 509 Fig. S-10......Page 510 Fig. S-11......Page 511 Fig. S-12......Page 512 Tables......Page 7 Table 2.4.2.2 Minimum Bottom Run by for Counterweight Elevators With Spring Buffers, Elastomeric Buffers, or Solid Bumpers and Rheostatic Control or Single-Speed AC Control......Page 60 Table 2.17.3 Maximum and Minimum Stopping Distances for Type B Car Safeties With Rated Load and Type B Counterweight Safeties......Page 111 Table 2.18.2.1 Maximum Car Speeds at Which Speed Governor Trips and Governor Overspeed Switch Operates......Page 114 Table 2.20.3 Minimum Factors of Safety for Suspension Members......Page 119 Table 2.22.4.1 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes......Page 130 Table 2.23.4.3.3 Intermediate Tie Brackets......Page 139 Table 2.26.4.3.2 SIL for Electrical Protective Devices and Other Electrical Safety Functions......Page 154 Table 2.26.12.1 Symbol Identification......Page 159 Table 4.1.18.1 Maximum and Minimum Stopping Distances for Rack-and-Pinion Safeties With Rated Load......Page 199 Table 5.1.17.2 Spring Buffer Stroke......Page 213 Table 6.2.3.7 Treadway Width......Page 273 Table 6.2.4 Treadway Speed......Page 275 Table 7.2.8.1 Minimum Spring Buffer Strokes......Page 289 Table 7.2.8.2 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes......Page 290 Table 7.4.3 Type B Material Lifts......Page 294 Table 7.9.2.14 Minimum Spring Buffer Strokes......Page 306 Table 8.4.8.7 Stresses and Deflections of Guide-Rail Brackets and Supports......Page 352 Table 8.4.10.1.1 Visual Indication Matrix......Page 356 Table 8.4.11.13 Pipe Support Spacing......Page 360 Table 8.4.12.2.2 Maximum Allowable Deflection......Page 364 Table 8.6.4.20.4 Brake Test Loads......Page 380 E-9.3.6 Elevator Car Call Sequential Step Scanning.......Page 454 Table F-1 Traction Elevator Brake Type, Function, and Performance......Page 462 Table N-1 Recommended Inspection and Test Intervals in “Months”......Page 487 INTRODUCTION TO MONITORING TABLE NÃ2INTRODUCTION TO MONITORING TABLE NÃ2INTRODUCTION TO MONITORING TABLE NÃ2......Page 488 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX P PLUNGER GRIPPER STOPPING DISTANCES......Page 494 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Q EXPLANATORY FIGURES FOR THE DEFINITIONS OF ELEVATOR MACHINERY SPACE, MACHINE ROOM, CONTROL SPACE, CONTROL ROOM, REMOTE MACHINE ROOM, OR REMOTE CONTROL ROOM......Page 495 Table R-1 Inspection Operation and Hoistway Access Switch Operation Hierarchy......Page 499 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX U DESIGN REQUIREMENTS -- TRACTION ELEVATOR SUSPENSION SYSTEM......Page 514 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX X ACCEPTANCE TESTS......Page 518 Table X-2 Acceptance Test for Hydraulic Elevators Acceptance Test: Hydraulic Elevators......Page 519 Table X-3 Acceptance Test for Escalators Acceptance Test: Escalators......Page 520 Table X-4 Acceptance Test for Moving Walks Acceptance Test: Moving Walks......Page 521 Table Y-1 Maintenance Control Program Records......Page 523 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Z MASS AND CLOSING TIME OF HORIZONTALLY SLIDING ELEVATOR DOORS......Page 525 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A CONTROL SYSTEM......Page 448 N0NMANDATORY APPENDIX D RATED LOAD AND CAPACITY PLATES FOR PASSENGER ELEVATORS......Page 452 E-8.1......Page 453 E-16.2 Audible Signals.......Page 455 E-18.5.3 Audible Indicators.......Page 456 E-20.2.6 Stroke Width.......Page 457 E-20.4.3 Dimensions.......Page 458 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F ASCENDING CAR OVERSPEED AND UNINTENDED CAR MOVEMENT PROTECTION......Page 461 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX L INDEX OF ALTERATION REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRIC ELEVATORS, HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS, ESCALATORS, AND MOVING WALKS......Page 480 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX N RECOMMENDED INSPECTION AND TEST INTERVALS IN "MONTHS"......Page 486 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX R INSPECTION OPERATION AND HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCH OPERATION HIERARCHY......Page 498 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX S VERTICALLY SLIDING DOORS -- ILLUSTRATIONS OF DETECTION ZONES 2.13.3.4......Page 500 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX T......Page 513 V-1.1 Occupant Evacuation Operation.......Page 515 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX W......Page 517 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Y MAINTENANCE CONTROL PROGRAM RECORDS......Page 522 INDEX......Page 526 FORM AND ARRANGEMENT......Page 553 Inquiry: 11-2155......Page 555 Inquiry: 11-2156......Page 556 Inquiry: 11-2229......Page 557 Inquiry: 11-2229 Reconsideration......Page 558 Inquiry: 12-990......Page 559 Inquiry: 12-990 Reconsideration......Page 560 Inquiry: 12-1012......Page 561 Inquiry: 12-1618......Page 562 Inquiry: 12-1746......Page 563 Inquiry: 12-1749......Page 564 Inquiry: 12-2274......Page 565 Inquiry: 13-5......Page 566 Inquiry: 13-273......Page 567 Inquiry: 13-343......Page 568 Inquiry: 13-445......Page 569 Inquiry: 13-719......Page 571 Inquiry: 13-934......Page 572 Inquiry: 13-1022......Page 573 Inquiry: 13-1462......Page 574 Inquiry: 13-1496......Page 575 Inquiry: 13-1544......Page 576 Inquiry: 13-2001......Page 577 Inquiry: 14-61......Page 578 Inquiry: 14-95......Page 579 Inquiry: 14-227......Page 580 Inquiry: 14-503......Page 581 Inquiry: 14-702......Page 582 Inquiry: 14-1000......Page 583 Inquiry: 14-1025......Page 584 Inquiry: 14-1104......Page 585 Inquiry: 14-1503......Page 586 Inquiry: 14-1883......Page 587 Inquiry: 15-136......Page 588 Inquiry: 15-319......Page 589 Inquiry: 15-501......Page 590 Inquiry: 15-614......Page 591 Inquiry: 15-883......Page 592 Inquiry: 15-1446......Page 593 Inquiry: 15-1755......Page 594 Inquiry: 15-2004......Page 595