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This Beta Edition of The RISC-V Reader was retired 11/9/17, as the First Edition is now available List of Figures Preface Why RISC-V? Introduction Modular vs. Incremental ISAs ISA Design 101 An Overview of this Book Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32I: RISC-V Base Integer ISA Introduction RV32I Instruction formats RV32I Registers RV32I Integer Computation RV32I Loads and Stores RV32I Conditional Branch RV32I Unconditional Jump RV32I Miscellaneous Comparing RV32I, ARM-32, MIPS-32, and x86-32 Concluding Remarks To Learn More RISC-V Assembly Language Introduction Calling convention Assembly Linker Static vs. Dynamic Linking Loader Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32M: Multiply and Divide Introduction Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32FD: Single/Double Floating Point Introduction Floating-Point Registers Floating-Point Loads, Stores, and Arithmetic Floating-Point Moves and Converts Miscellaneous Floating-Point Instructions Comparing RV32FD, ARM-32, MIPS-32, and x86-32 using DAXPY Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32A: Atomic Introduction Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32C: Compressed Instructions Introduction Comparing RV32GC, Thumb-2, microMIPS, and x86-32 Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32V: Vector Introduction Vector Computation Instructions Vector Registers and Dynamic Typing Vector Loads and Stores Parallelism During Vector Execution Conditional Execution of Vector Operations Miscellaneous Vector Instructions Vector Example: DAXPY in RV32V Comparing RV32V, MIPS-32 MSA SIMD, and x86-32 AVX SIMD Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV64: 64-bit Address Instructions Introduction Comparison to Other 64-bit ISAs using Insertion Sort Program size Concluding Remarks To Learn More RV32/64 Privileged Architecture Introduction Machine Mode for Simple Embedded Systems Machine-Mode Exception Handling User Mode and Process Isolation in Embedded Systems Supervisor Mode for Modern Operating Systems Page-Based Virtual Memory Concluding Remarks To Learn More Future RISC-V Optional Extensions ``B'' Standard Extension for Bit Manipulation ``E'' Standard Extension for Embedded ``H'' Privileged Architecture Extension for Hypervisor Support ``J'' Standard Extension for Dynamically Translated Languages ``L'' Standard Extension for Decimal Floating-Point ``N'' Standard Extension for User-Level Interrupts ``P'' Standard Extension for Packed-SIMD Instructions ``Q'' Standard Extension for Quad-Precision Floating-Point Concluding Remarks RISC-V Instruction Listings Index