Artificial Organs : Proceedings of a seminar on the clinical applications of membrane oxygenators and sorbent-based systems in kidney and liver failure and drug overdose, held at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, in August, 1976

The Strathclyde Bioengineering Seminars are held annually and explore in depth a clinically significant problem area within the research activities of the University of Strathclyde's Bioengineering Unit. The series, which is a successor to successful broad-spectrum symposia held in 1964 and 1972, opened in August 1975 with consideration of the biomechanics of tissue viability and its clinical applications. The proceedings of this first seminar have been published by The Macmillan Press under the title of Bed Sore Biomechanics in July, 1976. This present seminar, the second in the series, was held in August, 1976 and considered research, development and clinical applications in the areas of membrane oxygenation and sorbent-based systems. The therapeutic role of the latter was explored in kidney and liver failure and drug overdose. There were two hundred and forty-nine participants from Belgium, Front Matter....Pages i-xxviii Opening Remarks and Welcome to Participants....Pages 1-2 Summary of The 1976 Adam Thomson Lecture: Progress and Prospects in Bioengineering....Pages 3-8 Front Matter....Pages 9-9 Membrane Oxygenation: An Overview....Pages 11-19 Sorbents in Therapeutic Medicine....Pages 20-26 Platelet Behaviour in Extracorporeal Circulation (ECC)....Pages 27-36 Front Matter....Pages 37-37 Mass Transfer Modelling for Membrane Oxygenators....Pages 39-49 Experimental Membrane Oxygenators with Convective Mixing for Gas Transfer Augmentation....Pages 50-60 A High-Performance Membrane Lung....Pages 61-69 The Taylor-Vortex Membrane Oxygenator....Pages 70-82 Total Long-Term Veno-Arterial Bypass by Ventricle Pump and Membrane Oxygenator....Pages 83-86 Clinical Reflections on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation....Pages 87-88 The Corpuscular Volume Distribution of Erythrocytes during ECMO and after Exposure to Shear Forces....Pages 89-97 Supplementary Extracorporeal Oxygenation(SECO): Experimental Models....Pages 98-104 Role of Veno-Arterial Bypass on Natural Lung Oxygen Transfer during Long-Term Respiratory Assistance with Membrane Lung Oxygenator....Pages 105-111 An Experimental Model of Respiratory Insufficiency for Supplementary Extracorporeal Oxygenation....Pages 112-116 Front Matter....Pages 121-121 The Design of a Charcoal Haemoperfusion System....Pages 123-132 The Design of a Polymer Coating for Activated Carbon....Pages 133-138 The Role of Adsorbents in the Wearable Artificial Kidney....Pages 139-147 Evaluation of Haemoperfusion Systems: In Vitro Methods Related to Performance and Safety....Pages 148-157 Conversion of Creatinine in the Presence of Activated Carbon....Pages 158-163 Front Matter....Pages 121-121 Protective Effects of Microencapsulation (Coating) on Platelet Depletion and Particulate Embolism in the Clinical Applications of Charcoal Haemoperfusion....Pages 164-177 The Role of Charcoal Haemoperfusion in the Management of Acute Poisoning by Drugs....Pages 178-187 Clinical Application of Haemoperfusion in Uraemia....Pages 188-195 The Clinical Use of a Carbon Haemoperfusion Column....Pages 196-202 Haemoperfusion in the Treatment of Acute Poisoning....Pages 203-212 An Animal Model for Adsorbent Evaluation....Pages 213-219 Chronic Uraemia-Haemodialysis or Haemoperfusion?....Pages 220-226 Front Matter....Pages 233-233 Thrombogenesis Caused by Blood-Foreign Surface Interaction....Pages 235-247 Platelet-Foreign Surface Interactions with Oxygenator Membranes....Pages 248-262 Interaction of Platelets with Surfaces: A Factorial Study of Adhesion and Associated Release of Serotonin....Pages 263-272 Platelet-Protein Interactions: Role of Proteins in Platelet Aggregation and Adhesion....Pages 273-279 Haemostatic Changes Induced by Adsorbent Haemoperfusion....Pages 280-290 Selective Removal of Phosphate Ions from the Blood of Uraemic Patients....Pages 291-299 Adsorption of Barbiturates from Buffers, Blood and Intestinal Fluids....Pages 300-310 Dialysate Regeneration....Pages 311-318 An In Vitro Study of the Comparative Performance of Single and Double Needle Dialysis Systems....Pages 319-326 An Improved Oxystarch in the Treatment of Renal Failure....Pages 327-332 Oxidised Starch Plus Activated Charcoal in the Nephrectomised Rat and Uraemic Man....Pages 333-342 Front Matter....Pages 349-349 Animal Models of Hepatic Failure for Evaluation of Artificial Liver Support Techniques....Pages 351-362 Resin and Charcoal Haemoperfusion in the Treatment of Hepatic Coma....Pages 363-371 Front Matter....Pages 349-349 Hepatic Assist 1: Use of Liver Tissue in an Extracorporeal Device....Pages 372-377 Hepatic Assist 2: Devices for Use with Sorbents and Biological Reactors....Pages 378-387 Towards an Extracorporeal Detoxification System in Liver Failure. Detoxifying Enzymes Bound to Artificial Carriers as Mono-and Multi-enzyme Complexes....Pages 388-394 Hepatic Support System Utilising High-Porosity Protein-Permeable Membranes in Conjunction with Dialysate Regeneration....Pages 395-402 Approaches to the Development of Artificial Liver Support....Pages 403-412 Removal of Bilirubin from the Blood of Jaundiced Infants....Pages 413-424 Successful Management of Stage IV Hepatic Coma in a Child by Haemocarboperfusion....Pages 425-428 Front Matter....Pages 433-434 The Clinical Role of the Membrane Oxygenator....Pages 435-438 The Clinical Role of Adsorbents in Acute and Chronic Therapeutic Medicine....Pages 439-442 Thrombogenesis in Membrane Oxygenators and Adsorption Devices....Pages 443-445 Back Matter....Pages 447-450