Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations. AIAI 2023 IFIP WG 12.5 International Workshops: MHDW 2023, 5G-PINE 2023, AIBMG 2023 and VAA-CP-EB 2023, León, Spain, June 14–17, 2023 Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of four International Workshops, held as parallel events of the 19th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, AIAI 2023, held in León, Spain, during June 14–17, 2023: the 12th Workshop on Mining Humanistic Data (MHDW 2023); the 8th Workshop on “5G–Putting Intelligence to the Network Edge (5G-PINE 2023); the second Workshop on AI in Energy, Buildings and Micro-Grids Workshop (ΑΙBMG 2023); and the First Workshop on Visual Analytics Approaches for Complex Problems in Engineering and Biomedicine" (VAA-CP-EB 2023). This event was held in hybrid mode. The 37 regular papers presented at these workshops were carefully reviewed and selected from 86 submissions. Preface WORKSHOPS of the 19th AIAI 2023 Organization Abstracts of Keynote/Invited Talks Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search: Computational Efficiency, Privacy Preservation and Robustness Enhancement Interpretable-By-Design Prototype-Based Deep Learning Intelligent Mobile Sensing for Understanding Human Behaviour Secure, Efficient and High-Performance Computing: A Computer Architecture Perspective How AI/Machine Learning Has the Power of Revolutionizing (for Good?) Cybersecurity? Contents The 8th Workshop on 5G – Putting Intelligence to the Network Edge (5G-PINE) Preface to 5G-PINE 2023 Proceedings Organization Co-chairs Program Committee Members 6G-BRICKS: Developing a Modern Experimentation Facility for Validation, Testing and Showcasing of 6G Breakthrough Technologies and Devices 1 Introduction 2 6G-BRICKS: Essential Scope and Core Objectives 3 Use Cases 3.1 Use Case 1: Metaverse as an Enabler of a Modern Workplace 3.2 Use Case 2: 6G Applications for Industry 4.0 4 Discussion References ETHER: Energy- and Cost-Efficient Framework for Seamless Connectivity over the Integrated Terrestrial and Non-terrestrial 6G Networks 1 Introduction 1.1 Background and Related Work 1.2 Motivation, Pillars, and Objectives 2 ETHER Architecture Overview and Technological Enablers 2.1 ETHER Architecture 2.2 Technological Enablers 3 Demos of ETHER Architecture and Technologies 3.1 UC1: Horizontal Handovers for Delay-Tolerant IoT Applications 3.2 UC2: ETHER Unified RAN for Direct Handheld Device Access in the Ka Band 3.3 UC3: ETHER Architecture Demonstration for Air-Space Safety-Critical Operations 4 Conclusions References Fetal ECG Extraction Based on Overcomplete ICA and Empirical Wavelet Transform 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Dataset 2.2 FECG Extraction 2.3 FECG Denoising 3 Results 4 Discussion References Implementing Network Applications for 5G-Enabled Robots Through the 5G-ERA Platform 1 Introduction 2 5G-Enabled Autonomous Robots: An Intent-Based Networking Paradigm 3 The 5G-ERA Platform as a Network Application Facilitator 3.1 Benefits of Intent-Based Networking 3.2 Functionalities Offered by the 5G-ERA Paradigm 4 5G-ERA Use Cases 4.1 Use Case 1: Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) 4.2 Use Case 2: 5G Enhanced Semi-autonomous Transport 4.3 Use Case 3: 5G Enhanced Healthcare Robots 4.4 Use Case 4: 5G-Remote Assistance for Manufacturing Process 5 Conclusions References Media Services in Dense, Static and Mobile Environments Leveraging Edge Deployments 1 Introduction 2 Media Services and Requirements in 5G-VICTORI 2.1 Overview of Vertical Service Requirements and KPIs 2.2 Network Deployment Requirements and Options 3 Media Services Deployment for 5G-VICTORI 3.1 5G Network Deployment 3.2 CDN Deployment 4 Experimental Setup and Results 4.1 Lab CDN Deployment 4.2 Performance Results 5 Conclusions References Network Slicing vs. Network Neutrality – Is Consent Possible? 1 Introduction 2 Motivation 3 Legal, Regulatory and Political Conditions for Network Slicing in the European Union and Associated States 4 Key Trends in the Telecommunications Market 5 Technological Considerations Related to Network Slicing 6 Conflicts of Interests and Contradictions 7 Discussion 8 Conclusions References OASEES: An Innovative Scope for a DAO-Based Programmable Swarm Solution, for Decentralizing AI Applications Close to Data Generation Locations 1 Introduction 2 Challenges for a More Efficient Edge Processing 3 “OASEES” Concept: Features and Technology Challenges 4 Use Cases and Pilot Deployments 5 Overview References Putting Intelligence into Things: An Overview of Current Architectures 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Internet of Things (IoT) and AIoT Architectures 3.1 Fundamentals of Artificial Internet of Things 3.2 Overview of AIoT Architecture 4 NEMO Concept Leveraging IoT 5 Conclusion References Slicing Mechanism Deployment in 5G Networks for Robotic Use Cases 1 Introduction 2 The Slicing Mechanism 3 Slice Manager 4 The Middleware in the Proposed Slicing Mechanism 5 Conclusion References Smart5Grid Testing Strategy & Field Implementations for RT Wide Area Monitoring of Interconnected Systems 1 Introduction 2 The Smart5G Concept and Functional Architecture 3 UC#4: Real-Time Wide Area Monitoring – Field Platform Implementations 4 Testing Strategy – Definition of FPVMs 5 Overview References Techno-economic Analysis Highlighting Aspects of 5G Network Deployments at Railway Environments 1 Introduction 2 Techno-economic Analysis Methodology and Tool 3 5G Vertical Deployment Aspects 3.1 5G-VICTORI Deployment Blueprint 3.2 Network Modeling, Dimensioning and Deployment Aspects 4 Techno-economic Evaluation of 5G Network Deployments 4.1 Techno-economic Analysis Scenarios 4.2 Techno-economic Analysis Results 4.3 Overview of Results 5 Conclusions References Use Cases Employing a Machine Learning Network Architecture 1 Introduction 2 Network Architecture 3 Cell-Free Networking in Dense and Ultra-dense Hotspot Areas 3.1 Dense User-Generated Content Distribution with MmWave Fronthauling 3.2 Ultra-dense Video Traffic Delivery in a Converged Fixed-Mobile Network 4 Cognitive Assistance and Security and Privacy Implications 4.1 Cognitive Assistance and Smart Connectivity for Next-Generation Sightseeing 4.2 Data Security and Privacy in Multi-tenant Infrastructures 5 Discussion References Use Cases for Network Applications to Enable Connected Intelligence 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Network Applications 2.2 Robot Continual Learning 3 Network Applications Under the 5G-ERA Middleware 4 Use Case Scenarios 4.1 Scenario 1: Knowledge is not Known to the Robot but Already Available in the Cloud 4.2 Scenario 2: Neither the Robot nor the Cloud Has a Full Knowledge 5 Design Patterns for Robot Continual Learning Under the Connected Intelligence 6 Conclusion and Future Work References The 2nd Workshop on AI in Energy, Buildings and Micro-Grids (ΑΙBMG) 2nd Workshop on AI in Energy, Buildings and Micro-Grids (ΑΙBMG 2023) Organization of ΑΙBMG 2022 Organizing Committee Program Committee A Guide to Visual Comfort: An Overview of Indices and Its Applications 1 Introduction 2 Visual Comfort Definition 2.1 Factors Affecting Visual Comfort 2.2 Assesment Factors of Visual Comfort 3 Visual Comfort Indices 4 Conclusions References A Novel Social Collaboration Platform for Enhancing Energy Awareness*-10pt 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Requirements 2.2 Design Approach 2.3 Architecture Overview 3 Implementation 3.1 Platform Sections and User Interfaces 3.2 Energy Awareness Tabs 4 Conclusions References Ensuring Reliability in Smart Building IoT Operations Through Real-Time Holistic Data Treatment 1 Introduction 2 Data Treatment 2.1 Data Granularity 3 Types of Anomalies Observed/Detected 3.1 Duplicate Data 3.2 Missing Data 3.3 Outliers 4 Mitigation Mechanisms Implemented 4.1 Missing Data 4.2 Outliers 5 Conclusions References Realtime Multi-factor Dynamic Thermal Comfort Estimation for Indoor Environments 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Thermal Comfort Inference 2.2 Clothing Insulation Estimation 2.3 Metabolic Rate 2.4 Overall System 3 Results 3.1 Experiment Set up 3.2 Experimental Results 4 Conclusions References Self-protection of IoT Gateways Against Breakdowns and Failures Enabling Automated Sensing and Control 1 Introduction 2 Methodology of Autoencoder-Based Anomaly Detection 2.1 LSTM Autoencoder 2.2 CNN-Based LSTM-Autoencoder 2.3 Framework of Anomaly Detection 3 Results 3.1 Experiment Setup, Evaluation Metrics, and Dataset 3.2 Experimental Results 4 Conclusions References Semantic Interoperability for Managing Energy-Efficiency and IEQ: A Short Review 1 Introduction 2 Semantics in the Energy Sector 2.1 Semantics for Smart Control and Data Management 2.2 Semantics for the Internet of Things 2.3 Smart City Ontologies 2.4 Semantics in the Energy Sector Latest Research 3 Semantics for the Indoor Environmental Quality 3.1 Semantics for Indoor Comfort 3.2 Semantics for Indoor Air Quality 4 Proposed Approach 5 Discussion in Challenges for Managing Energy-Efficiency and IEQ 6 Conclusions References Treating Common Problems Observed During Smart Building Control Real-Life Testing: Sharing Practical Experience 1 Introduction 2 Real-Life Challenges and Potential Credibility Breaching Points 3 Real-Life Practise Experience: Lessons Learnt from a Spanish and a Greek Testbed 4 Conclusions References The 12th Workshop on Mining Humanistic Data (MHDW) Mining Humanistic Data Workshop Preface Organization MHDW 2023 Organising Committee General Co-chairs Program Chairs Organizing Chair Website and Advertising Chair Program Committee A Framework for Co-creation in Generic Educational Activities Using Swarming 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation and Contribution 2 Background and Related Work 2.1 Education 2.2 Co-creativity 2.3 Inverted Classroom: A Form of Co-creation 2.4 Swarming and Ant Colony Optimisation 2.5 Knapsack Problem 3 Proposed Method 4 Experimental Evaluation 4.1 Experimental Setup 4.2 Evaluation Results 5 Conclusions References Analyzing User Reviews in the Tourism & Cultural Domain - The Case of the City of Athens, Greece 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Data 3.2 Transformer-Based Language Model 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Applying SCALEX scRNA-Seq Data Integration for Precise Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarker Discovery 1 Introduction 1.1 Single-Cell Technologies for Alzheimer’s Disease 1.2 Single-Cell Data Integration – A Major Challenge 2 Methodology – Exploring the Implications of SCALEX Integration 2.1 SCALEX 2.2 Application to Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data 3 Discussion 4 Conclusions References Ensemble Machine Learning Models for Breast Cancer Identification 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Dataset Presentation and Processing 2.2 Machine Learning Models and Evaluation Metrics 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References EventMapping: Geoparsing and Geocoding of Twitter Messages in the Greek Language 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 EventMapping: Architecture and Data Acquisition 4 Event Classification and Geographic Terms Identification 4.1 Event Classification 4.2 Geographic Terms Identification 4.3 Geocoding Services 5 Evaluation Metrics 5.1 Event Classifier Evaluation 5.2 Geographic Information Identification Evaluation 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Extracting Knowledge from Recombinations of SMILES Representations 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Material and Methods 3.1 SMILES Notation 3.2 Dataset 3.3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Forecasting Stock Market Alternations Using Social Media Sentiment Analysis and Regression Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Overview of the Presented Scheme 3.1 Feature Extraction 3.2 Regression Techniques 4 Experimental Setup and Results 4.1 Datasets 4.2 Estimating the Changes of the Daily Closing Prices in the Stock Market 4.3 RMSE and MAPE 4.4 Correlation Between Daily Closing Prices and Sentiment Extracted from Tweets 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Handwritten Word Recognition Using Deep Learning Methods 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Preprocessing 3.2 Proposed Architecture 3.3 Training 3.4 Formulation of an Online Application 4 Experimental Study 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Results 5 Conclusions References Local Maximal Equality-Free Periodicities 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries 3 An Outline of the Algorithm 4 The Algorithm 5 Analysis of the Algorithm 6 Conclusions References Readability Classification with Wikipedia Data and All-MiniLM Embeddings 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Data 3.1 Source Data and Data Cleaning 3.2 Feature Engineering and Preparation 3.3 Data Splits and Cross Validation 3.4 Feature Selection 4 Model Training and Results 4.1 Logistic Regression 4.2 Random Forest 4.3 Naïve Bayes 4.4 K-Nearest Neighbors 4.5 MLP (Multi-layer Perceptron) 4.6 XGBoost 5 Evaluation 6 Conclusions References Using Siamese BiLSTM Models for Identifying Text Semantic Similarity 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Models and Their Architectures 3.1 Vector Space Representations 3.2 Siamese BiLSTM Model 3.3 Siamese BERT-BiLSTM Model 4 Experimental Study 4.1 Datasets 4.2 Experimental Setup 4.3 Results 5 Discussion and Conclusions References Water Quality Estimation from IoT Sensors Using a Meta-ensemble 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Machine Learning Approaches in Water Quality Evaluation 3 Machine Learning Algorithms 3.1 Dataset Description 3.2 Preprocessing Phase 3.3 Machine Learning Models Deployment 3.4 Meta Ensemble Model Deployment 4 Conclusions and Future Work References The 1st Workshop on “Visual Analytics Approaches for Complex Problems in Engineering and Biomedicine” (VAA-CP-EB) Preface 2023 Visual Analytics Approaches for Complex Problems in Engineering and Biomedicine (VAA-CP-EB) Workshop Organization of VAA-CP-EB 2023 Workshop Co-chairs Program Committee An XAI Approach to Deep Learning Models in the Detection of DCIS 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Research Studies Involving Deep Learning 2.2 Developments in XAI 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Layer-Wise Relevance Propagation 3.2 Deep Taylor Decomposition 3.3 Comparing the Regions of Interest 4 Results and Discussion 5 Evaluation 6 Conclusions References Conditioned Fully Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder for Energy Disaggregation 1 Introduction 2 DNN-based NILM Models 3 Conditioning Mechanisms for NILM 4 Multi-task Fully-Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder 5 Results 5.1 Interpretation of Conditioning Mechanisms 6 Conclusions References Principal Component Modes of Reservoir Dynamics in Reservoir Computing 1 Introduction 1.1 Reservoir Computing 2 Methods 2.1 Recurrent Neural Networks 2.2 Echo State Networks 2.3 Analysis of the Reservoir Dynamics 2.4 Principal Component Modes 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Second Order System 3.2 Dynamic Modes of Vibration Signals in an Induction Motor Under Test 4 Conclusion References Visual Analytics Tools for the Study of Complex Problems in Engineering and Biomedicine 1 Introduction 1.1 Hypotheses 2 Methods and Techniques 2.1 Main Architectural Approach 2.2 Interactive Data Cubes 2.3 Morphing Projections 2.4 Dimensionality Reduction Techniques 3 Proposal 3.1 Interpretability from Machine Learning 3.2 Explanatory Power of Latent Spaces 3.3 Novelty Detection 4 Methodology 4.1 Project Achievements up to Date References Visualizing Cell Motility Patterns from Time Lapse Videos with Interactive 2D Maps Generated with Deep Autoencoders 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Techniques 2.1 Time Lapse Microscope Videos 2.2 Video Preprocessing: Velocity Fields 2.3 Video Feature Extraction 2.4 2D Map of the Cell Motility Dataset 2.5 Interactive Visualization 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions 5 Appendix: Videos References Author Index