Archaeology of the Military Orders : A Survey of the Urban Centres, Rural Settlements and Castles of the Military Orders in the Latin East (c.1120-1291)

Including previously unpublished and little known material, this cutting-edge book presents a detailed discussion of the archaeological evidence of the five military orders in the Latin East: the Hospitallers the Templars the Teutonic Knights the Leper Knights of St Lazarus the Knights of St Thomas. Discussing in detail the distinctive architecture relating to their various undertakings (such as hospitals in Jerusalem and Acre) Adrian Boas places emphasis on the importance of the Military Orders in the development of military architecture in the Middle Ages. The three principal sections of the book consist of chapters relating to the urban quarters of the Orders in Jerusalem, Acre and other cities, their numerous rural possessions, and the tens of castles built or purchased and expanded in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. A highly illustrated and detailed study, this comprehensive volume will be an essential read for any archaeology student or scholar of this period. BOOK COVER......Page 1 HALF-TITLE......Page 2 TITLE......Page 4 COPYRIGHT......Page 5 CONTENTS......Page 6 LIST OF FIGURES......Page 10 PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 13 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS......Page 15 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY......Page 17 BACKGROUND......Page 20 PART I: URBAN ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRES......Page 34 1. THE URBAN QUARTERS OF THE TEMPLARS......Page 38 2. THE URBAN QUARTERS OF THE HOSPITALLERS......Page 62 3. THE URBAN QUARTERS OF THE TEUTONIC KNIGHTS......Page 80 4. THE URBAN QUARTERS OF THE LEPER KNIGHTS OF ST LAZARUS......Page 83 5. THE QUARTER OF THE KNIGHTS OF ST THOMAS......Page 86 PART II: THE RURAL ACTIVITY OF THE MILITARY ORDERS......Page 88 6. EXPANSION INTO THE COUNTRYSIDE......Page 90 7. SUGAR-CANE CULTIVATION AND THE SUGAR INDUSTRY......Page 112 PART III: THE DEFENCE OF THE LATIN EAST......Page 114 8. CASTLES AND THE DEFENSIVE ROLE OF THE MILITARY ORDERS......Page 118 9. THE CHOICE OF PLAN: CASTLE TYPOLOGY, DESIGN, LOCATION AND FUNCTION......Page 125 10. NON-DEFENSIVE COMPONENTS OF A CASTLE......Page 168 11. ELEMENTS OF FORTIFICATION......Page 184 12. STONEMASONRY AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES......Page 201 13. WEAPONS, ARMS AND ARMOUR......Page 209 PART IV: ADDITIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE......Page 214 14. DAILY LIFE OF THE MILITARY ORDERS......Page 216 15. WORKS OF ART IN URBAN SITES AND CASTLES OF THE MILITARY ORDERS......Page 227 CONCLUSION......Page 236 APPENDIX I: CHRONOLOGY OF CASTLES......Page 239 APPENDIX II: GAZETTEER OF SITES OF THE MILITARY ORDERS......Page 241 NOTES......Page 279 BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 310 INDEX......Page 326 First Published in 2004. Including previously unpublished and little known material, this cutting-edge book presents a detailed discussion of the archaeological evidence of the five military orders in the Latin East: the Hospitallers; the Templars; the Teutonic Knight; the Leper Knights of St Lazarus; the Knights of St Thomas. Discussing in detail the distinctive architecture relating to their various undertakings (such as hospitals in Jerusalem and Acre) Adrian Boas places emphasis on the importance of the Military Orders in the development of military architecture in the Middle Ages. The three principal sections of the book consist of chapters relating to the urban quarters of the Orders in Jerusalem, Acre and other cities, their numerous rural possessions, and the tens of castles built or purchased and expanded in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. A highly illustrated and detailed study, this comprehensive volume will be an essential read for any archaeology student or scholar of this period. Includes previously unpublished and little known material, this cutting edge book presents a detailed discussion of the archaeological evidence of the five military orders in the Latin East: the Hospitallers, the Templars, the Teutonic Knights, the Leper Knights of St Lazarus, the Knights of St Thomas. Discussing in detail the distinctive architecture relating to their various undertakings (such as hospitals in Jerusalem and Acre) Adrian Boas places emphasis on the importance of the Military Orders in the development of military architecture in the Middle Ages. The three principal sections of the book consist of chapters relating to the urban quarters of the Orders in Jerusalem, Acre and other cities, their numerous rural possessions, and the tens of castles built or purchased and expanded in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. A highly illustrated and detailed study, this comprehensive volume will be an essential read for any archaeology student or scholar of this fascinating period Presents a discussion of the archaeological evidence of the five military orders in the Latin East. Discussing the distinctive architecture relating to their various undertakings, this work places emphasis on the importance of the Military Orders in the development of military architecture in the Middle Ages Discussing in detail the distinctive architecture relating to their various undertakings, Adrian Boas presents a detailed discussion of the archaeological evidence of the five Military Orders in the Latin East.