APA Style Simplified - Writing in Psychology, Education, Nursing, and Sociology

This is a compact but comprehensive guide to writing clearly and effectively in APA style. Demonstrates how to write objective scientific research papers using interesting prose Incorporates guidelines from the 6 th edition of the APA publication manual Explores how to develop ideas, connect them to what others have written, and express them clearly Discusses the differences between written, oral, and poster presentations and offers instructions for applying APA style to each APA Style Simplified: Writing in Psychology, Education, Nursing, and Sociology......Page 5 Contents......Page 7 Preface......Page 10 Acknowledgments......Page 13 1 Writing Professionally......Page 15 How Does Professional Writing Differ From Other Kinds of Writing?......Page 16 Using APA Style......Page 17 Making a Credible Argument......Page 19 Different Types of Communication......Page 20 Effective Communication......Page 22 Establishing Good Writing Habits......Page 23 Ethical Writing......Page 24 2 Elements of Style......Page 29 Recognizing the Importance of Good Grammar and Style......Page 30 Choosing Effective Wording......Page 31 Using Inclusive and Appropriate Language......Page 33 Deciding on the Use of Technical Language......Page 34 Avoiding Common Problems......Page 35 Verb Forms......Page 38 Specific Word Use......Page 39 3 The Introduction Section......Page 46 Introducing the Topic......Page 47 Different Approaches to Starting the Introduction......Page 48 Reviewing the Literature......Page 52 Introducing Your Research: Generating a Hypothesis......Page 54 4 The Method Section......Page 57 Participants and Subjects......Page 58 Materials and Apparatus......Page 66 Procedure......Page 70 Design......Page 72 5 Communicating Statistics......Page 73 Why Do We Use Statistics?......Page 74 What Point Are You Trying to Make?......Page 75 Understanding Your Numbers......Page 77 Helping Readers Understand Your Statistics......Page 79 Differentiating Results and Interpretations......Page 82 6 The Results Section......Page 83 Your Hypothesis......Page 84 Deciding What to Present......Page 85 APA Style and Presentation of Your Results......Page 88 Creating Tables......Page 91 Creating Figures......Page 96 The Difference Between Results and Discussion Sections......Page 101 Some Final Points About Presenting Results......Page 102 7 The Discussion Section......Page 105 Summarizing Your Results......Page 106 Connecting Different Aspects of Your Results......Page 108 Dealing With Nonsignificant Results......Page 109 Comparing Your Results With Those of Others......Page 110 Stating the Importance and Implications of Your Results......Page 111 Acknowledging the Limitations of Your Study......Page 112 8 References: Citations in the Text and the Reference List......Page 114 Citing References in the Text......Page 115 Using Your Word-Processing Program to Create the Citation......Page 119 Examples of How Different Types of References Should Be Laid Out......Page 120 9 Final Touches: The Abstract and Formatting Details......Page 128 The Abstract......Page 129 Formatting Your Manuscript......Page 130 Differentiating Visual and Written Communication......Page 149 Reducing the Amount of Information......Page 150 Visual Style......Page 151 Your Behavior: The Ethic of a Poster Session......Page 156 Creating Your Poster Using PowerPoint®......Page 158 The Difference Between Oral and Written English......Page 166 Adapting APA Style to Oral Presentations......Page 170 Preparing for Your Talk......Page 171 Creating Graphics for Your Presentation......Page 173 Giving the Presentation......Page 174 12 Sharing Your Work Electronically......Page 177 New Capabilities in Electronic Sharing......Page 178 Using a Word Processor to Create Manuscripts for the Internet......Page 179 Advantages of Internet Publishing Software......Page 181 Uploading Your Manuscript to the Internet......Page 183 Revisiting the Concept of Plagiarism......Page 184 Appendix A: Example of APA-Style Manuscript with Common Errors......Page 185 Appendix B: Corrected APA-Style Manuscript......Page 193 References......Page 202 Name Index......Page 209 Subject Index......Page 212 APA Style Simplified: Writing in Psychology, Education, Nursing, and Sociology 5 Contents 7 Preface 10 Acknowledgments 13 1 Writing Professionally 15 How Does Professional Writing Differ From Other Kinds of Writing? 16 Using APA Style 17 Making a Credible Argument 19 Different Types of Communication 20 Effective Communication 22 Establishing Good Writing Habits 23 Ethical Writing 24 2 Elements of Style 29 Recognizing the Importance of Good Grammar and Style 30 Choosing Effective Wording 31 Using Inclusive and Appropriate Language 33 Deciding on the Use of Technical Language 34 Avoiding Common Problems 35 Verb Forms 38 Spelling 39 Specific Word Use 39 3 The Introduction Section 46 Introducing the Topic 47 Different Approaches to Starting the Introduction 48 How to Begin 52 Reviewing the Literature 52 Introducing Your Research: Generating a Hypothesis 54 4 The Method Section 57 Participants and Subjects 58 Materials and Apparatus 66 Procedure 70 Design 72 5 Communicating Statistics 73 Why Do We Use Statistics? 74 What Point Are You Trying to Make? 75 Understanding Your Numbers 77 Helping Readers Understand Your Statistics 79 Differentiating Results and Interpretations 82 6 The Results Section 83 Your Hypothesis 84 Deciding What to Present 85 APA Style and Presentation of Your Results 88 Creating Tables 91 Creating Figures 96 The Connection Between the Text and the Tables and Figures 101 The Difference Between Results and Discussion Sections 101 Some Final Points About Presenting Results 102 7 The Discussion Section 105 Summarizing Your Results 106 Connecting Different Aspects of Your Results 108 Dealing With Nonsignificant Results 109 Comparing Your Results With Those of Others 110 Stating the Importance and Implications of Your Results 111 Acknowledging the Limitations of Your Study 112 8 References: Citations in the Text and the Reference List 114 Citing References in the Text 115 Order of Citations in the Reference List 119 Using Your Word-Processing Program to Create the Citation 119 Examples of How Different Types of References Should Be Laid Out 120 9 Final Touches: The Abstract and Formatting Details 128 The Abstract 129 Formatting Your Manuscript 130 10 Creating Poster Presentations 149 Differentiating Visual and Written Communication 149 Reducing the Amount of Information 150 Visual Style 151 Your Behavior: The Ethic of a Poster Session 156 Creating Your Poster Using PowerPoint® 158 11 Giving Oral Presentations 166 The Difference Between Oral and Written English 166 Adapting APA Style to Oral Presentations 170 Preparing for Your Talk 171 Creating Graphics for Your Presentation 173 Giving the Presentation 174 12 Sharing Your Work Electronically 177 New Capabilities in Electronic Sharing 178 Using a Word Processor to Create Manuscripts for the Internet 179 Advantages of Internet Publishing Software 181 Publishing Your Poster on the Web 183 Uploading Your Manuscript to the Internet 183 Revisiting the Concept of Plagiarism 184 Appendix A: Example of APA-Style Manuscript with Common Errors 185 Appendix B: Corrected APA-Style Manuscript 193 References 202 Name Index 209 Subject Index 212 "This is a compact but comprehensive guide to writing clearly and effectively in APA style. Demonstrates how to write objective scientific research papers using interesting prose Incorporates guidelines from the 6th edition of the APA publication manual Explores how to develop ideas, connect them to what others have written, and express them clearly Discusses the differences between written, oral, and poster presentations and offers instructions for applying APA style to each"-- "In APA Style Simplified, experienced teacher and writer Bernard C. Beins guides young scholars through the labyrinth of APA style. He highlights the major elements of APA style and shows how to generate a coherent manuscript. Beins also explores how to develop ideas, connect them to what others have written, and express them in a style that reflects a sophisticated knowledge of the subject area. In addition, he features a sample manuscript showing common deviations from APA style, and how to correct these problems. An essential resource for those working on research papers, dissertations, and manuscripts within relevant subject areas, APA Style Simplified is a compact but comprehensive guide to writing clearly and effectively"-- This is a compact but comprehensive guide to writing clearly and effectively in APA style.

• Demonstrates how to write objective scientific research papers using interesting prose
• Incorporates guidelines from the 6th edition of the APA publication manual
• Explores how to develop ideas, connect them to what others have written, and express them clearly
• Discusses the differences between written, oral, and poster presentations and offers instructions for applying APA style to each

This is a compact but comprehensive guide to writing clearly and effectively in APA style. type="disc"> Demonstrates how to write objective scientific research papers using interesting prose Incorporates guidelines from the 6 th edition of the APA publication manual Explores how to develop ideas, connect them to what others have written, and express them clearly Discusses the differences between written, oral, and poster presentations and offers instructions for applying APA style to