Ante Bellum Houses of the Bluegrass : The Development of Residential Architecture in Fayette County, Kentucky

The ante bellum homes of Lexington and Fayette County, Kentucky, are both more numerous and more distinctive in design than those of many communities of similar age. Founded in 1775, Lexington by the turn of the century had become the chief cultural center north of New Orleans and west of the Alleghenies. During the eight decades between the Revolution and the Civil War, Fayette County was the focus of converging streams of immigration, and a phenomenal amount of building activity took place in Lexington and the surrounding area. Although local builders followed the trends of national architecture, they were not primarily concerned with "correctness," and developed a provincial style which was distinguished by originality and a high level of craftsmanship.In __Ante Bellum Houses of the Bluegrass__, Clay Lancaster seeks to define the indigenous character of Fayette County building, which he concludes is of unusually distinguished quality. A second aim is the presentation of authentic data as a guide for intelligent restoration of existing old buildings, many of which have been defaced by unnecessary changes and inappropriate additions. He traces the development of house building in this restricted area from the first crude log cabins, through frame, stone, and early brick residences, to the substantial homes built by wealthy landowners and merchants in the mid-nineteenth century. The text is supplemented by 200 line drawings which present the essential features of each building free from the later alterations and decay which would be recorded by the camera. These illustrations have been compiled on the basis of intensive research, from old photographs, maps, drawings, and other records. An album of halftone illustrations, many of which are reproductions of old photographs of buildings which have been altered or demolished, supplements these illustrations. Annotation The ante bellum homes of Lexington and Fayette County, Kentucky, are both more numerous and more distinctive in design than those of many communities of similar age. Founded in 1775, Lexington by the turn of the century had become the chief cultural center north of New Orleans and west of the Alleghenies. During the eight decades between the Revolution and the Civil War, Fayette County was the focus of converging streams of immigration, and a phenomenal amount of building activity took place in Lexington and the surrounding area. Although local builders followed the trends of national architecture, they were not primarily concerned with "correctness," and developed a provincial style which was distinguished by originality and a high level of craftsmanship. In Ante Bellum Houses of the Bluegrass, Clay Lancaster seeks to define the indigenous character of Fayette County building, which he concludes is of unusually distinguished quality. A second aim is the presentation of authentic data as a guide for intelligent restoration of existing old buildings, many of which have been defaced by unnecessary changes and inappropriate additions. He traces the development of house building in this restricted area from the first crude log cabins, through frame, stone, and early brick residences, to the substantial homes built by wealthy landowners and merchants in the mid-nineteenth century. The text is supplemented by 200 line drawings which present the essential features of each building free from the later alterations and decay which would be recorded by the camera. These illustrations have been compiled on the basis of intensive research, from old photographs, maps, drawings, and other records. An album of halftone illustrations, many of which are reproductions of old photographs of buildings which have been altered or demolished, supplements these illustrations Title 5 Copyright 7 CONTENTS 11 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 10 INTRODUCTION 12 1 PIONEER BUILDING 16 2 FRAME HOUSES 26 3 STONE HOUSES 30 4 EARLY BRICK HOUSES 34 5 THE GEOMETRIC PHASE 61 6 CLASSICISM 82 7 THE GREEK REVIVAL 94 8 THE GOTHIC REVIVAL 129 9 THE ITALIANATE 147 SUMMARY 162 REFERENCES 164 GLOSSARY 170 A 170 B 170 C 171 D 171 E 171 F 171 G 172 H 172 I 172 J 172 K 172 L 172 M 173 N 173 O 173 P 173 Q 173 R 173 S 173 T 174 U 174 V 174 W 174 ALBUM OF PHOTOGRAPHS 176 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 190 A 193 B 194 C 194 D 195 E 195 F 196 G 196 H 196 I 197 J 197 K 197 L 197 M 198 N 198 O 199 P 199 Q 199 R 199 S 199 T 200 U 200 V 200 W 200 Y 201