Animal & Flower Mandalas: Adult Stress Relieving Coloring Book (Includes 50 Animal, Tree & Flower Mandalas)

Cover......Page 1 Copyright......Page 2 Contents......Page 3 Preface......Page 15 Foreword......Page 19 1. The Debian Project......Page 31 1.1.1. A Multi-Platform Operating System......Page 32 1.1.3. The Legal Framework: A Non-Profit Organization......Page 34 1.2.1. The Commitment towards Users......Page 35 1.2.2. The Debian Free Software Guidelines......Page 37 1.3.1. The Debian Developers......Page 39 1.3.2. The Active Role of Users......Page 44 Existing Debian Sub-Projects......Page 46 Administrative Teams......Page 48 Development Teams, Transversal Teams......Page 49 1.4. Follow Debian News......Page 51 1.5.1. The Installer: debian-installer......Page 52 1.6.1. The Experimental Status......Page 53 1.6.2. The Unstable Status......Page 54 1.6.3. Migration to Testing......Page 55 1.6.4. The Promotion from Testing to Stable......Page 56 2. Presenting the Case Study......Page 61 2.2. Master Plan......Page 62 2.3. Why a GNU/Linux Distribution?......Page 63 2.4.1. Commercial and Community Driven Distributions......Page 65 2.5. Why Debian Wheezy?......Page 66 3. Analyzing the Existing Setup and Migrating......Page 69 3.1.3. Integration with Other Linux/Unix Machines......Page 70 3.2.1. Survey and Identify Services......Page 71 3.2.2. Backing up the Configuration......Page 72 3.2.3. Taking Over an Existing Debian Server......Page 73 3.2.5. Installing and Configuring the Selected Services......Page 74 4. Installation......Page 77 4.1.1. Installing from a CD-ROM/DVD-ROM......Page 78 4.1.2. Booting from a USB Key......Page 79 4.1.4. Other Installation Methods......Page 80 4.2.1. Booting and Starting the Installer......Page 81 4.2.3. Selecting the country......Page 83 4.2.5. Detecting Hardware......Page 84 4.2.8. Configuring the Network......Page 85 4.2.10. Administrator Password......Page 86 4.2.11. Creating the First User......Page 87 4.2.13. Starting the Partitioning Tool......Page 88 Guided partitioning......Page 89 Manual Partitioning......Page 92 Configuring the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)......Page 93 Setting Up Encrypted Partitions......Page 94 4.2.15. Configuring the Package Manager (apt)......Page 95 4.2.16. Debian Package Popularity Contest......Page 96 4.2.17. Selecting Packages for Installation......Page 97 4.2.19. Finishing the Installation and Rebooting......Page 98 4.3.1. Installing Additional Software......Page 99 4.3.2. Upgrading the System......Page 100 5. Packaging System: Tools and Fundamental Principles......Page 103 5.1. Structure of a Binary Package......Page 104 5.2.1. Description: the control File......Page 106 Dependencies: the Depends Field......Page 107 Provided Items: the Provides Field......Page 109 Replacing Files: The Replaces Field......Page 111 5.2.2. Configuration Scripts......Page 112 Package Removal......Page 113 5.2.3. Checksums, List of Configuration Files......Page 114 5.3.1. Format......Page 116 5.3.2. Usage within Debian......Page 118 5.4.1. Installing Packages......Page 119 5.4.3. Querying dpkg's Database and Inspecting .deb Files......Page 121 Enabling Multi-Arch......Page 125 Multi-Arch Related Changes......Page 126 5.5. Coexistence with Other Packaging Systems......Page 127 6. Maintenance and Updates: The APT Tools......Page 131 6.1.1. Syntax......Page 132 6.1.2. Repositories for Stable Users......Page 133 Stable Backports......Page 135 6.1.3. Repositories for Testing/Unstable Users......Page 136 6.1.4. Non-Official Resources: apt-get.org and mentors.debian.net......Page 137 6.1.5. Caching Proxy for Debian Packages......Page 138 6.2.2. Installing and Removing......Page 139 6.2.3. System Upgrade......Page 141 6.2.4. Configuration Options......Page 143 6.2.5. Managing Package Priorities......Page 144 6.2.6. Working with Several Distributions......Page 146 6.2.7. Tracking Automatically Installed Packages......Page 147 6.3. The apt-cache Command......Page 148 6.4.1. aptitude......Page 149 Better Solver Algorithms......Page 151 6.4.2. synaptic......Page 152 6.5. Checking Package Authenticity......Page 153 6.6.1. Recommended Procedure......Page 154 6.6.2. Handling Problems after an Upgrade......Page 155 6.7. Keeping a System Up to Date......Page 156 6.8.2. Configuring APT......Page 158 6.8.5. The Miracle Combination......Page 159 6.9. Searching for Packages......Page 160 7. Solving Problems and Finding Relevant Information......Page 165 7.1.1. Manual Pages......Page 166 7.1.2. info Documents......Page 168 7.1.4. Websites......Page 169 7.2. Common Procedures......Page 170 7.2.2. Monitoring What Daemons Are Doing......Page 171 7.2.3. Asking for Help on a Mailing List......Page 172 7.2.4. Reporting a Bug When a Problem Is Too Difficult......Page 173 8. Basic Configuration: Network, Accounts, Printing.........Page 175 8.1.1. Setting the Default Language......Page 176 8.1.2. Configuring the Keyboard......Page 177 8.1.3. Migrating to UTF-8......Page 178 8.2. Configuring the Network......Page 179 8.2.2. Connecting with PPP through a PSTN Modem......Page 181 Modems Supporting PPPOE......Page 182 8.2.4. Automatic Network Configuration for Roaming Users......Page 183 8.3. Setting the Hostname and Configuring the Name Service......Page 184 The /etc/hosts file......Page 185 8.4.1. User List: /etc/passwd......Page 186 8.4.2. The Hidden and Encrypted Password File: /etc/shadow......Page 187 8.4.5. Group List: /etc/group......Page 188 8.5. Creating Accounts......Page 189 8.6. Shell Environment......Page 190 8.8. Configuring the Bootloader......Page 192 8.8.1. Identifying the Disks......Page 193 8.8.2. Configuring LILO......Page 195 8.8.4. For Macintosh Computers (PowerPC): Configuring Yaboot......Page 196 8.9. Other Configurations: Time Synchronization, Logs, Sharing Access.........Page 197 8.9.1. Timezone......Page 198 8.9.2. Time Synchronization......Page 199 8.9.4. Sharing Administrator Rights......Page 200 8.9.5. List of Mount Points......Page 201 8.10. Compiling a Kernel......Page 203 8.10.2. Getting the Sources......Page 204 8.10.3. Configuring the Kernel......Page 205 8.10.4. Compiling and Building the Package......Page 206 8.10.5. Compiling External Modules......Page 207 8.11.1. Features of a Debian Kernel Package......Page 208 8.11.2. Installing with dpkg......Page 209 9. Unix Services......Page 211 9.1. System Boot......Page 212 9.2. Remote Login......Page 216 9.2.1. Secure Remote Login: SSH......Page 217 Key-Based Authentication......Page 218 Using Remote X11 Applications......Page 219 Creating Encrypted Tunnels with Port Forwarding......Page 220 9.2.2. Using Remote Graphical Desktops......Page 221 9.3. Managing Rights......Page 222 9.4.1. Administrating on a Web Interface: webmin......Page 225 9.4.2. Configuring Packages: debconf......Page 226 9.5.1. Principle and Mechanism......Page 227 Syntax of the Selector......Page 228 9.6. The inetd Super-Server......Page 229 9.7. Scheduling Tasks with cron and atd......Page 231 9.7.1. Format of a crontab File......Page 232 9.7.2. Using the at Command......Page 233 9.8. Scheduling Asynchronous Tasks: anacron......Page 234 9.9. Quotas......Page 235 9.10.1. Backing Up with rsync......Page 236 9.10.2. Restoring Machines without Backups......Page 238 9.11.2. The Naming Problem......Page 239 9.11.3. How udev Works......Page 240 9.11.4. A concrete example......Page 242 9.12. Power Management: Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI)......Page 243 10. Network Infrastructure......Page 247 10.1. Gateway......Page 248 10.2.1. OpenVPN......Page 250 Public Key Infrastructure: easy-rsa......Page 251 Configuring the OpenVPN Server......Page 254 10.2.2. Virtual Private Network with SSH......Page 255 10.2.3. IPsec......Page 256 Configuring the Client......Page 257 Configuring the Server......Page 258 Reducing Latencies: wondershaper......Page 261 10.4. Dynamic Routing......Page 262 10.5. IPv6......Page 263 10.5.1. Tunneling......Page 265 10.6.1. Principle and Mechanism......Page 266 10.6.2. Configuring......Page 267 10.7.2. Configuring......Page 269 10.7.3. DHCP and DNS......Page 270 10.8.1. Local Diagnosis: netstat......Page 271 10.8.2. Remote Diagnosis: nmap......Page 272 10.8.3. Sniffers: tcpdump and wireshark......Page 274 11. Network Services: Postfix, Apache, NFS, Samba, Squid, LDAP......Page 277 11.1.1. Installing Postfix......Page 278 Virtual Alias Domains......Page 281 Virtual Mailbox Domains......Page 282 IP-Based Access Restrictions......Page 283 Accepting or Refusing Based on the Announced Sender......Page 285 Accepting or Refusing Based on the Recipient......Page 286 Filtering Based on the Message Contents......Page 287 11.1.4. Setting Up greylisting......Page 288 11.1.5. Customizing Filters Based On the Recipient......Page 290 11.1.6. Integrating an Antivirus......Page 291 11.1.7. Authenticated SMTP......Page 292 11.2. Web Server (HTTP)......Page 293 11.2.1. Installing Apache......Page 294 11.2.2. Configuring Virtual Hosts......Page 295 11.2.3. Common Directives......Page 297 Restricting Access......Page 298 11.2.4. Log Analyzers......Page 299 11.4. NFS File Server......Page 301 11.4.1. Securing NFS......Page 302 11.4.2. NFS Server......Page 304 11.5.1. Samba Server......Page 305 Configuring with debconf......Page 306 Configuring Manually......Page 307 11.5.2. Samba Client......Page 309 Printing on a Shared Printer......Page 310 11.6.2. Configuring a Cache......Page 311 11.6.3. Configuring a Filter......Page 312 11.7.1. Installing......Page 313 11.7.2. Filling in the Directory......Page 314 Configuring NSS......Page 315 Configuring PAM......Page 317 Securing LDAP Data Exchanges......Page 318 12. Advanced Administration......Page 323 12.1.1. Software RAID......Page 324 Different RAID Levels......Page 325 Setting up RAID......Page 328 Backing up the Configuration......Page 333 LVM Concepts......Page 335 Setting up LVM......Page 336 LVM Over Time......Page 340 12.1.3. RAID or LVM?......Page 342 12.2. Virtualization......Page 345 12.2.1. Xen......Page 346 12.2.2. LXC......Page 351 Preliminary Steps......Page 352 Network Configuration......Page 353 Setting Up the System......Page 354 Starting the Container......Page 355 Network Configuration......Page 357 Installation with virt-install......Page 358 Managing Machines with virsh......Page 360 Installing an RPM based system in Debian with yum......Page 361 12.3. Automated Installation......Page 362 12.3.1. Fully Automatic Installer (FAI)......Page 363 12.3.2. Preseeding Debian-Installer......Page 364 Creating a Preseed File......Page 365 Creating a Customized Boot Media......Page 366 Creating Profiles......Page 367 Configuring and Using build-simple-cdd......Page 368 12.4.1. Setting Up Munin......Page 369 Configuring Hosts To Monitor......Page 370 12.4.2. Setting Up Nagios......Page 371 Configuring......Page 372 13. Workstation......Page 379 13.1. Configuring the X11 Server......Page 380 13.2.1. Choosing a Display Manager......Page 381 13.2.2. Choosing a Window Manager......Page 382 13.2.3. Menu Management......Page 383 13.3.1. GNOME......Page 384 13.3.2. KDE......Page 385 13.3.3. Xfce and Others......Page 386 Evolution......Page 387 Thunderbird and Icedove......Page 388 13.4.2. Web Browsers......Page 389 Working in Groups: groupware......Page 391 Instant Messaging Systems......Page 392 Collaborative Work With FusionForge......Page 393 13.4.5. Office Suites......Page 394 13.5. Emulating Windows: Wine......Page 395 14. Security......Page 399 14.1. Defining a Security Policy......Page 400 14.2. Firewall or Packet Filtering......Page 401 14.2.1. Netfilter Behavior......Page 402 14.2.2. Syntax of iptables and ip6tables......Page 404 Rules......Page 405 14.2.3. Creating Rules......Page 406 14.3. Supervision: Prevention, Detection, Deterrence......Page 407 14.3.1. Monitoring Logs with logcheck......Page 408 History......Page 409 Auditing Packages: debsums and its Limits......Page 410 Monitoring Files: AIDE......Page 411 14.3.4. Detecting Intrusion (IDS/NIDS)......Page 412 14.4.1. Principles......Page 413 14.4.3. Managing an SELinux System......Page 416 Managing Identities......Page 417 Managing File Contexts, Ports and Booleans......Page 418 14.4.4. Adapting the Rules......Page 419 Writing a .if File......Page 420 Writing a .te File......Page 422 14.5.2. Knowing What To Expect......Page 425 14.5.4. Managing a Machine as a Whole......Page 427 14.5.6. Physical Security......Page 428 14.6.1. Detecting and Seeing the Cracker's Intrusion......Page 429 14.6.3. Keeping Everything that Could Be Used as Evidence......Page 430 14.6.5. Forensic Analysis......Page 431 14.6.6. Reconstituting the Attack Scenario......Page 432 15. Creating a Debian Package......Page 437 15.1.2. Making Changes......Page 438 15.1.3. Starting the Rebuild......Page 439 15.2.1. Meta-Packages or Fake Packages......Page 441 15.2.2. Simple File Archive......Page 442 15.3. Creating a Package Repository for APT......Page 446 Procedures......Page 448 Tools......Page 449 Prerequisites......Page 450 Accepting the Principles......Page 451 Checking Skills......Page 452 Final Approval......Page 453 16. Conclusion: Debian's Future......Page 455 16.2. Debian's Future......Page 456 16.3. Future of this Book......Page 457 A.2. Ubuntu......Page 459 A.3. Knoppix......Page 460 A.5. SimplyMEPIS......Page 461 A.9. And Many More......Page 462 B.1.1. Browsing the Directory Tree and Managing Files......Page 463 B.1.2. Displaying and Modifying Text Files......Page 464 B.1.5. System Information: Memory, Disk Space, Identity......Page 465 B.2.1. The Root Directory......Page 466 B.3. Inner Workings of a Computer: the Different Layers Involved......Page 467 B.3.2. The Starter: the BIOS......Page 468 B.3.4. The User Space......Page 469 B.4.1. Driving the Hardware......Page 470 B.4.2. Filesystems......Page 471 B.4.4. Managing Processes......Page 472 B.5.1. Process......Page 473 B.5.3. Inter-Process Communications......Page 474 B.5.4. Libraries......Page 475 Index......Page 477 Back Cover......Page 498 Accessible to all, this book teaches the essentials to anyone who wants to become an effective and independent Debian GNU/Linux administrator. It covers all the topics that a competent Linux administrator should master, from the installation and the update of the system, up to the creation of packages and the compilation of the kernel, but also monitoring, backup and migration, without forgetting advanced topics like SELinux setup to secure services, automated installations, or virtualization with Xen, KVM or LXC. Learn more about the book on This book is about Debian 7 Wheezy, an old Debian release. There is a new edition of this book which covers Debian 8 Jessie, please check it out.