Anglo-Saxon Farms and Farming (Medieval History and Archaeology)

Farming was the basis of the wealth that made England worth invading, twice, in the eleventh century, while trade and manufacturing were insignificant by modern standards. In Anglo-Saxon Farms and Farming , the authors employ a wide range of evidence to investigate how Anglo-Saxon farmers produced the food and other agricultural products that sustained English economy, society, and culture before the Norman Conquest. The first part of the volume draws on written and pictorial sources, archaeology, place-names, and the history of the English language to discover what crops and livestock people raised, and what tools and techniques were used to produce them. In part two, using a series of landscape studies - place-names, maps, and the landscape itself, the authors explore how these techniques might have been combined into working agricultural regimes in different parts of the country. A picture emerges of an agriculture that changed from an essentially prehistoric state in the sub-Roman period to what was recognisably the beginning of a tradition that only ended with the Second World War. Anglo-Saxon farming was not only sustainable, but infinitely adaptable to different soils and geology, and to a climate changing as unpredictably as it is today. This title studies farming in England before the Norman Conquest, in a period before trade was an important way of making a living, exploring what tools and methods were used in Anglo-Saxon farming, what kind of livestock was kept, and what crops were grown. Farming was the basis of the wealth that made England worth invading, twice, in the eleventh century, while trade and manufacturing were insignificant by modern standards. In Anglo-Saxon Farms and Farming, the authors employ a wide range of evidence to investigate how Anglo-Saxon farmers produced the food and other agricultural products that sustained English economy, society, and culture before the Norman Conquest.The first part of the volume draws on written and pictorial sources, archaeology, place-names, and the history of the English language to discover what crops and livestock people raised, and what tools and techniques were used to produce them. In part two, using a series of landscape studies - place-names, maps, and the landscape itself, the authors explore how these techniques might have been combined into working agricultural regimes in different parts of the country. A picture emerges of anagriculture that changed from an essentially prehistoric state in the sub-Roman period to what was recognisably the beginning of a tradition that only ended with the Second World War. Anglo-Saxon farming was not only sustainable, but infinitely adaptable to different soils and geology, and to aclimate changing as unpredictably as it is today This Title Studies Farming In England Before The Norman Conquest, In A Period Before Trade Was An Important Way Of Making A Living, Exploring What Tools And Methods Were Used In Anglo-saxon Farming, What Kind Of Livestock Was Kept, And What Crops Were Grown. 1. Introduction ; 2. Arable Farming In Anglo-saxon England, I: The Crops ; 3. Arable Farming In Anglo-saxon England, Ii: Tools And Techniques ; 4. Animal Husbandry In Anglo-saxon England, I: The Livestock ; 5. Animal Husbandry In Anglo-saxon England, Ii: Livestock Products And Production ; 6. Farms In Their Landscapes ; 7. Coasts And Riversides ; 8. Woodland ; 9. Chalk Downland ; 10. Moorland ; 11. Wolds ; 12. Continuities And Changes In Arable Husbandry ; 13. Conclusions. Debby Banham And Rosamond Faith. Includes Bibliographical References (303-329) And Index. 1: Introduction2: Arable Farming in Anglo-Saxon England: The Crops3: Arable Farming in Anglo-Saxon England: Tools and Techniques4: Animal Husbandry in Anglo-Saxon England: The Livestock5: Animal Husbandry in Anglo-Saxon England: How and Why Livestock was Kept6: Farms in their Landscapes7: Coasts and Riversides8: Woodland9: Downland10: Moorland11: Wolds12: Continuities and Changes in Arable Husbandry13: Conclusions Exploring the development of heroin smuggling in Turkey since the 1920s, Ryan Gingeras uses newly declassified documents to trace the impact of the drug trade and organized crime on the evolution of the Republic of Turkey, and shows how narcotics syndicates have influenced the political establishment through the 20th century.