Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine -- A. P. I. C. E.: Proceedings of the 11th Postgraduate Course in Critical Care Medicine Trieste, Italy -- November 11-16 1996

At the APICE '96 research scientists and clinicians were provided with updated guidelines for the treatment of patients with acute and chronic critical conditions. This volume contains 100 chapters, in which the main pathophysiological concepts were reviewed, with special emphasis on the cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, and neurologic systems. Special reference is made to the pharmacologic and biotechnologic strategies currently being used to support those vital functions that are affected by severe and sometimes devastating diseases. The topics of infection, sepsis, and SIRS have been reviewed and updated in keeping with the most recent information available, and particular focus has been directed to ethics Front Matter....Pages II-XXIV Front Matter....Pages 25-25 Oxygen Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Production: Physiological Basis and Practical Application in Intensive Care....Pages 155-162 Clinical Aspects of Capnography....Pages 163-168 Capnography and Circulation....Pages 169-178 Oxygen Transport and Cellular Mechanisms during Hyperbaric Oxygenation....Pages 99-114 Pain Control: From Basic Research to Clinical Application....Pages 181-188 Hyperosmolar Syndrome....Pages 117-125 Basic Components of Immune System Regulation....Pages 129-141 Preliminary Report of Clinical Xenon (Xe) Anaesthesia and Xenon Recycling System....Pages 27-39 Biochemistry of Neurotransmission: an Update....Pages 43-73 Growth Hormone in Critical Care Practice....Pages 145-152 Continuous Measurement of the Systolic Time Intervals Integrated on a Hemodynamic Profile. Successful Method to Monitor Left Ventricular Function....Pages 77-87 Relationship Between the PetC0 2 and the Haemodynamic Parameter....Pages 89-96 Front Matter....Pages 189-189 Theoretical Aspects of Respiratory Mechanics....Pages 191-197 Front Matter....Pages 199-199 The Effect of Age on the Cardiovascular Response to Stress....Pages 201-215 Heart Failure Due to Pressure Overload and Volume Overload....Pages 217-222 Choice of Pharmacological Agents in Hypoperfusion Syndrome....Pages 223-231 Front Matter....Pages 233-233 Monitoring of the Body Circulation — an Introduction....Pages 235-238 Evaluation of Cardiothoracic Parameters: The Clinical Role of Intrathoracic Blood Volume....Pages 239-245 Front Matter....Pages 247-247 ARDS Lung: Homogeneous or Non-Homogeneous Impairment?....Pages 249-256 The Baby Lung Philosophy....Pages 257-262 Front Matter....Pages 247-247 Lung Distention, Barotrauma and Mechanical Ventilation....Pages 263-272 Pulmonary Dysfunction after Ischemia — Reperfusion....Pages 273-288 Understanding the Incidence and Long-term Outcome of ARDS....Pages 289-298 Front Matter....Pages 299-299 Improved Perfusion Through the Aerated Part of the Lung by Prostacyclin Administration....Pages 301-304 Improving Ventilation by Reaeration of Atelectatic Regions with Perfluorocarbons....Pages 305-312 Experience in Liquid Ventilation....Pages 313-321 Improved Ventilation by Re-aeration of Atelectatic Regions with Exogenous Surfactant in Acute Respiratory Failure....Pages 323-328 Combining Exogenous Surfactant or Perfluorocarbons with Inhaled Nitric Oxide to Improve Lung Function in Acute Respiratory Failure....Pages 329-334 Front Matter....Pages 335-335 Functional Aspects of Noninvasive Ventilation....Pages 337-343 Face Mask Ventilation in Decompensated COPD Patients....Pages 345-351 Methodology of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure....Pages 353-358 Mask Ventilation for Trauma Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure....Pages 359-367 Acute Respiratory Failure in Immunocompromised Patients: A Possible Indication for Non-Invasive Ventilation....Pages 369-373 Front Matter....Pages 375-375 Assessment of Respiratory Dysfunction in Children with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome....Pages 377-388 Recent Therapeutic Strategies for Children with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome....Pages 389-404 Front Matter....Pages 405-405 Humoral Homeostasis — Role of Vascular Endothelium....Pages 407-420 Mortality in Sepsis....Pages 421-426 Front Matter....Pages 427-427 Guidelines on Antibiotic Combination in ICU Patients....Pages 429-437 Front Matter....Pages 439-439 Clinical Neurological Approach at the Bedside: The Method in Neurology and Its Application to the Critically Ill Patient....Pages 441-452 Assessment of Cerebral Dysfunction....Pages 453-464 Front Matter....Pages 439-439 Myasthenia Gravis....Pages 465-477 New Trends in the Treatment of Advanced Neurological Disease Condition — Guillain-Barré Syndrome....Pages 479-485 Continuous Filtration of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF-Filtration) in Fulminant Bacterial Meningitis — A New Adjuvant Therapeutic Strategy?....Pages 487-496 Front Matter....Pages 497-497 Prevention and Treatment of Acute Renal Failure Timing in the Use of Dialysis....Pages 499-506 The Hepatorenal Syndrome....Pages 507-518 Front Matter....Pages 519-519 The Impact of Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration in Nonoliguric Septic Patients....Pages 521-527 Plasmapheresis in Acute Critical Conditions....Pages 529-536 Front Matter....Pages 537-537 Modern Treatment and Monitoring of Haemorrhagic Shock....Pages 539-548 Use of Erythropoietin in Critically Ill Patients....Pages 549-558 The Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis....Pages 559-563 Standards of Treatment of ICU Patients — Treatment of Head Injured Patients....Pages 565-571 Treatment of Patients after Lung Surgery....Pages 573-579 How to Manage Pulmonary Contusion....Pages 581-585 Front Matter....Pages 587-587 Preoperative Clinical Evaluation....Pages 589-602 Hypnosis....Pages 603-612 Pharmacological Basics of Clinical Anaesthesia: Analgesia....Pages 613-624 Myoresolution....Pages 625-635 Neurovegetative Stabilization during Clinical Anaesthesia....Pages 637-640 Guidelines on Postoperative Care....Pages 641-650 Front Matter....Pages 651-651 Fast Track Anaesthesia....Pages 653-663 Front Matter....Pages 651-651 Antifibrinolytic Therapy in Cardiac Surgery....Pages 665-675 Respiratory Function after Cardiac Surgery....Pages 677-687 Endomyocardial Revascularization....Pages 689-694 Cardiac Transplantation or Ventriculectomy?....Pages 695-708 Front Matter....Pages 709-709 Anaesthesia in Geriatric Patients....Pages 711-717 Awareness during Anaesthesia....Pages 719-732 Early Adverse Effects in the Postoperative Period....Pages 733-743 Locoregional Anaesthesia in High Risk Patients....Pages 745-753 Front Matter....Pages 755-755 Computer at the Bedside: Recording the Anaesthesiological Process....Pages 757-771 The Modem and the Remote Control of Anaesthesiologic Activity....Pages 773-778 Anaesthesiology on Internet....Pages 779-785 Front Matter....Pages 787-787 Hypertension....Pages 789-799 Diseases during Pregnancy: Epilepsy....Pages 801-811 Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy....Pages 813-823 Uncommon Diseases during Pregnancy....Pages 825-831 Front Matter....Pages 833-833 Organization of Postoperative Pain Service....Pages 835-840 Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Obstetrics and Pain Management....Pages 841-845 Epidural Versus Spinal Analgesia....Pages 847-852 Management of the Postoperative Pain....Pages 853-858 Acute Pain and Other Aspects of the Postoperative Period....Pages 859-867 Front Matter....Pages 833-833 Pharmacological Combinations and Techniques in the Acute and Chronic Benign Pain....Pages 869-883 Guidelines on Cancer Pain Treatment....Pages 885-891 Palliative Care — Basics and Guidelines....Pages 893-910 Front Matter....Pages 911-911 Cardiac Tamponade: Diagnosis and Treatment....Pages 913-916 Key Points in the Treatment of Cardiac Arrest....Pages 917-922 Myocardial Dysfunction Following Successful Cardiac Resuscitation....Pages 923-926 The CPR Continuing Education Programme and Its Goals....Pages 927-936 Front Matter....Pages 937-937 Anaesthesia and Intensive Care in Difficult Situations....Pages 939-945 Front Matter....Pages 947-947 Education and Training in Anaesthesia — A Plea for One Standard in Europe....Pages 949-952 Education and Training in Intensive Care....Pages 953-958 Postgraduate Training in Disaster Medicine....Pages 959-965 Front Matter....Pages 967-967 Medical Decision Making in Critical Care The Patient as a Person....Pages 969-974 Back Matter....Pages 975-984