Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine -- A. P. I. C. E.: Proceedings of the 10th Postgraduate Course in Critical Care Medicine Trieste, Italy -- November 13-19 1995

This critical care medicine book substantially differs from others due to the range of peculiarities that characterize it. Since it deals with acute patients in critical conditions, this is, as it were, a 'borderline'book,in the sense that it is intended for those, who, in their activity, need a continuous and in-depth interdisciplinary approach to optimize the quality of the treatments offered to critically-ill patients. This book helps to have a better understanding of the current limits of human intervention and aims at supplying updated guidelines; in particular, it is intended for those who, although having to guarantee continuity and top-quality therapies, must decide when and why the collaboration with and intervention by experts is necessary. Front Matter....Pages I-XXVIII Front Matter....Pages 29-29 Immunonutrition — A New Aspect in the Treatment of Critically Ill Patients....Pages 73-90 Pharmacological Interactions in the Perioperative Period....Pages 93-105 Why Are Hypertensive Patients at Risk in the Perioperative Period?....Pages 31-40 Acute Pain Modulation in the Central Nervous System: A Chronological Review....Pages 43-55 Lactic Acidosis: Diagnosis and Treatment....Pages 59-70 Front Matter....Pages 107-107 Cellular and Humoral Markers of Tissue Damage....Pages 109-125 Role of Free Radicals in Critical Illness....Pages 127-136 Pathophysiology and Therapy of End-Organ Failure in Critical Illness....Pages 137-149 Front Matter....Pages 151-151 Research Studies on Organ Perfusion: From the Lab to the Clinic....Pages 153-159 Ischemic Microvascular Failure in Severe Head Injury....Pages 161-167 Intestinal Microvascular Injury....Pages 169-173 Vasoactive Drugs and Splanchnic Perfusion....Pages 175-177 Perfusion in Renal Dysfunction....Pages 179-184 Oxygen Supply Dependency — Fact or Artifact?....Pages 185-190 Front Matter....Pages 191-202 The Endothelium: A New Secretory Organ Target or Promoter of Pathophysiological Derangements in ICU Patients....Pages 203-203 Antioxidant Activity in the Therapy of Sepsis: From Experimental Data to Clinical Practice....Pages 205-215 Posttrauma Oxygen Debt and Its Metabolic Consequences....Pages 217-223 Front Matter....Pages 225-233 Lung Disease in the ICU: A Difficult Diagnostic Challenge....Pages 235-235 A Window with a View of the Water....Pages 237-242 Front Matter....Pages 245-255 Radiological Monitoring of Pulmonary Edema....Pages 235-235 MR Imaging in Venous Thromboembolism....Pages 257-267 Pulmonary Embolism: Role of Spiral CT....Pages 271-278 Vascular Techniques in Pulmonary Embolism....Pages 279-282 Front Matter....Pages 283-293 Proportional Assist Ventilation (PAV): Physiologic Rationale and Clinical Advantages....Pages 295-295 Airway Pressure Release Ventilation....Pages 297-300 High Frequency Positive Pressure Ventilation....Pages 301-308 High Frequency Oscillation....Pages 309-322 Insufflation of Air/Oxygen into the Trachea: An Old Principle with New Perspectives....Pages 323-332 Concept: Open Up the Lung and Keep the Lung Open....Pages 333-347 Computer Supported Ventilation....Pages 349-353 Front Matter....Pages 355-360 The Problem of Weaning in COPD Patients....Pages 361-361 Respiratory Support Strategies in AIDS....Pages 363-379 Front Matter....Pages 381-388 Mathematical Models in Respiratory Mechanics....Pages 389-389 Evolution of Theories and Interpretation of Respiratory Mechanics Data....Pages 391-400 Assessment of the Viscoelastic Constants Using the Rapid Airway Occlusion Technique....Pages 401-406 Front Matter....Pages 407-414 Technical Aspects of Haemodynamic Monitoring....Pages 415-415 Pressure Wave Modifications in Different Cardiac and Respiratory Events....Pages 417-422 Noninvasive Pressure Measurements....Pages 423-429 Noninvasive Cardiac Output Measurements....Pages 431-439 Front Matter....Pages 441-452 Haemodynamic Profile and PetCO 2 Monitoring in Patients at Risk....Pages 415-415 Front Matter....Pages 453-461 The Development of the Trauma System: Epidemiological Data....Pages 463-463 Evaluation and Triage....Pages 465-471 What Can We Do During the “Golden Hour”?....Pages 473-479 Care of Trauma Patients: In-hospital Phase....Pages 481-490 Prehospital Care for Severe Trauma Patients: What Do We Mean by ALS?....Pages 491-497 Multivariable Physiologic Monitoring as a Guide to the Severity and Appropriate Therapy of Posttrauma ICU Patients....Pages 499-511 Optimisation of Oxygen Transport in Polytraumatised Patients....Pages 513-522 The Role of the Anesthesiologist During Nonconventional War....Pages 523-528 Front Matter....Pages 529-534 Coma, Persistent Vegetative State, and Death....Pages 535-535 Pathophysiology and Monitoring of Cerebral Edema....Pages 537-555 Monitoring of Cerebral Dysfunction: Treatment of Post-traumatic Cerebral Injury....Pages 557-562 The Glasgow Coma Scale After 20 Years....Pages 563-568 Clinical Trials in Acute CNS Injuries....Pages 569-577 Biochemical Mechanisms of Neuronal Degeneration and Plasticity....Pages 579-583 Oxidative Stress in the Early Phase of Traumatic Central Nervous System Injury: Clinical Data....Pages 585-599 Monitoring and Management of Patients with Cerebral and Spinal Dysfunction in Postintensive Care....Pages 601-612 CSF Filtration: Scientific and Clinical Update....Pages 613-626 Front Matter....Pages 627-638 Acubase: Fundamentals and Perspectives....Pages 639-639 Front Matter....Pages 641-651 Obesity and Coexisting Diseases: Anesthesiological Point of View....Pages 653-653 Front Matter....Pages 655-662 Intubation by Fibroscopy in Morbidly Obese Patients....Pages 653-653 Total Respiratory System, Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics, Lung Volumes and Gas-Exchange in Morbidly Obese Patients During General Anesthesia....Pages 663-667 Bariatric Surgery: Indications and Complications....Pages 669-674 Front Matter....Pages 675-681 Lung Transplantation: Aspects of Anaesthetic and Early Postoperative Management....Pages 683-683 Progress in Lung Transplantation....Pages 685-699 Nitric Oxide in Pulmonary Hypertension....Pages 701-708 Front Matter....Pages 709-716 Difficult Tracheal Intubation and Airway Management....Pages 717-717 Airway Management....Pages 719-745 Electrolyte Emergencies (Mg,K)....Pages 747-753 Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA): Clinical Experience....Pages 755-762 Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction....Pages 763-770 Anaesthesia for Abdominal Vascular Surgery....Pages 771-778 Ischemia-Reperfusion in Vascular Surgery....Pages 779-785 Acidosis in the Critically Ill: Interpretation and Significance....Pages 787-797 Use of the Gaps in the Critically Ill....Pages 799-810 Continuous Noninvasive Aortic Blood Flow Monitoring....Pages 811-817 How to Manage Critically Ill Patients After Cardiac Surgery....Pages 819-827 Transfusion and Thromboembolic Prophylaxis....Pages 829-836 Management of Common Poisoning in the ICU....Pages 837-843 Front Matter....Pages 845-855 The Role of the Laryngeal Mask in Clinical Practice....Pages 857-857 Front Matter....Pages 859-869 Pancreas Dysfunction and Related Problems....Pages 871-871 Front Matter....Pages 873-879 Flow of Information in the ICU — An Overview....Pages 881-881 From Human Action to Data: Man-Machine Interface in Manual Data Entries....Pages 883-891 From Trends to Multi-Information-Screens in Computing in the ICU....Pages 893-896 Artificial Intelligence for Decision Support: Needs, Possibilities, and Limitations in ICU....Pages 897-900 Beyond Trends: Graphics for Decision Support....Pages 901-907 ICU and the Outside World: Multimedia and Networking in the ICU Environment....Pages 909-915 Interactive Multimedial Teaching....Pages 917-922 Front Matter....Pages 923-930 How to Detect Cardiovascular Dysfunction in the Perioperative Period....Pages 931-931 Cardiovascular and Neuroendocrine Reaction During Inhalation Anaesthesia....Pages 933-949 Common Use and Monitoring of Cardiovasoactive Drugs in General Anesthesia Using Halogenated Agents....Pages 951-959 Circulatory Effects of Desflurane....Pages 961-970 Desflurane: How Does It Work?....Pages 971-976 Front Matter....Pages 977-990 Principles and Technique of I.V. Anesthesia....Pages 991-991 Front Matter....Pages 993-1000 Anesthesiologist as Manager in the U.S.A.: The Ambulatory Surgery Experience....Pages 1001-1001 Day Surgery Experience in the United Kingdom....Pages 1003-1011 Sanitary Organization and Safety....Pages 1013-1019 Recommendations for Anesthesia in Day Hospital....Pages 1021-1024 Pharmacoeconomics in Anaesthesia....Pages 1025-1029 Back Matter....Pages 1031-1040 ....Pages 1041-1049 This critical care medicine book substantially differs from others due to the range of peculiarities that characterize it. Since it deals with acute patients in critical conditions, this is, as it were, a 'borderline'book, in the sense that it is intended for those, who, in their activity, need a continuous and in-depth interdisciplinary approach to optimize the quality of the treatments offered to critically-ill patients. This book helps to have a better understanding of the current limits of human intervention and aims at supplying updated guidelines; in particular, it is intended for those who, although having to guarantee continuity and top-quality therapies, must decide when and why the collaboration with and intervention by experts is necessary