An inventory of archaic and classical poleis : an investigation conducted by the Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation

This is the first lexicon of all identifiable Greek city states of the Archaic and Classical periods (c.650-325 BC). During this time, the eastern Mediterranean was dominated by Greeks who shared an identity based on language, religion, and traditions; however, the Greek world was divided politically into some 1,500 city states, each consisting of an urban center with its immediate hinterland. This book contains descriptions of 1,035 of these city states, organized region by region. Contents......Page 6 List of Contributors......Page 10 Abbreviations and Conventions......Page 12 PART I: INTRODUCTION......Page 18 A Key to the Inventory......Page 20 The Importance of the Polis......Page 29 The Lifespan of the Hellenic Polis......Page 33 The Inventory of Poleis......Page 40 Meaning and Reference of the Word Polis......Page 56 Meaning and Reference of the Words Asty and Polisma......Page 64 The Concept of Patris......Page 66 The Number of Poleis......Page 70 Toponyms as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 72 Ethnics as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 75 Territory and Size of Territory......Page 87 Polis versus Chora—The Settlement Pattern......Page 91 Types of Constitution......Page 97 A Typology of Dependent Poleis......Page 104 Civic Subdivisions......Page 112 Proxenoi as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 115 Theorodokoi as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 120 Victors in Panhellenic Games as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 124 The Delian League......Page 128 The Emergence of Poleis by Synoikismos......Page 132 Destruction and Disappearance of Poleis......Page 137 Stasis as an Essential Aspect of the Polis......Page 141 The Polis as a Religious Organisation......Page 147 City Walls as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 152 The Polis as an Urban Centre......Page 155 Coins as Evidence for Polis Identity......Page 161 Colonies and Indigenous Hellenised Communities......Page 167 PART II: INVENTORY OF POLEIS......Page 172 Spain and France (including Corsica)......Page 174 Sikelia......Page 189 Italia and Kampania......Page 266 The Adriatic......Page 338 Epeiros......Page 355 Akarnania and Adjacent Areas......Page 368 Aitolia......Page 396 West Lokris......Page 408 Phokis......Page 416 Boiotia......Page 448 Megaris, Korinthia, Sikyonia......Page 479 Achaia......Page 489 Elis......Page 506 Arkadia......Page 522 Triphylia......Page 557 Messenia......Page 564 Lakedaimon......Page 586 Argolis......Page 616 The Saronic Gulf......Page 637 Attika......Page 641 Euboia......Page 660 East Lokris......Page 681 Doris......Page 691 Thessalia and Adjacent Regions......Page 693 The Aegean......Page 749 Makedonia......Page 811 Thrace from Axios to Strymon......Page 827 Thrace from Strymon to Nestos......Page 871 Thrace from Nestos to Hebros......Page 887 Inland Thrace......Page 902 Thracian Chersonesos......Page 917 Propontic Thrace......Page 929 The Black Sea Area......Page 941 The Propontic Coast of Asia Minor......Page 991 Troas......Page 1017 Lesbos......Page 1035 Aiolis and South-western Mysia......Page 1050 Ionia......Page 1070 Karia......Page 1125 Lykia......Page 1155 Crete......Page 1161 Rhodos......Page 1213 The South Coast of Asia Minor (Pamphylia, Kilikia)......Page 1228 Cyprus......Page 1240 From Syria to the Pillars of Herakles......Page 1250 Unlocated......Page 1267 PART III: INDICES......Page 1268 1. Toponyms and City-Ethnics in Numerical Order......Page 1270 2. Toponyms and City-Ethnics in Alphabetical Order......Page 1281 3. Toponyms and City-Ethnics in Greek......Page 1293 4. Non-Polis Settlements......Page 1307 5. Polities Called Polis......Page 1315 6. Polities Called Asty and Polisma......Page 1324 7. Polities Called Patris......Page 1325 8. Use of City-Ethnic......Page 1327 9. Size of Territory......Page 1336 10. Poleis in 400 versus Poleis no longer or not yet Existing in 400......Page 1345 11. Constitution......Page 1355 12. Decision-Making Institutions......Page 1358 13. Civic Subdivisions......Page 1360 14. Proxenoi......Page 1362 15. Theorodokoi......Page 1365 16. Panhellenic Victors......Page 1367 17. Major Divinities......Page 1369 18. Members of the Delian League......Page 1373 19. Stasis......Page 1378 20. Destruction and Disappearance of Poleis......Page 1380 21. Synoikismos......Page 1382 22. Grid-Planned Poleis......Page 1384 23. City Walls......Page 1385 24. Political Architecture......Page 1393 25. Temples, Theatres, Stoas, Gymnasia, Stadia, Hippodromes......Page 1395 26. Coins......Page 1399 27. Colonisation and Hellenisation......Page 1407 This is the first ever documented study of the 1,035 identifiable Greek city states (poleis) of the Archaic and Classical periods (c.650-325 BC). Previous studies of the Greek polis have focused on Athens and Sparta, and the result has been a view of Greek society dominated by Sophokles', Plato's, and Demosthenes'view of what the polis was. This study includes descriptions of Athens and Sparta, but its main purpose is to explore the history and organization of the thousand other city states. The main part of the book is a regionally organized inventory of all identifiable poleis covering the Greek world from Spain to the Caucasus and from the Crimea to Libya. This inventory is the work of 47 specialists, and is divided into 46 chapters, each covering a region. Each chapter contains an account of the region, a list of second-order settlements, and an alphabetically ordered description of the poleis. This description covers such topics as polis status, territory, settlement pattern, urban centre, city walls and monumental architecture, population, military strength, constitution, alliance membership, colonization, coinage, and Panhellenic victors. The first part of the book is a description of the method and principles applied in the construction of the inventory and an analysis of some of the results to be obtained by a comparative study of the 1,035 poleis included in it. The ancient Greek concept of polis is distinguished from the modern term `city state', which historians use to cover many other historic civilizations, from ancient Sumeria to the West African cultures absorbed by the nineteenth-century colonializing powers. The focus of this project is what the Greeks themselves considered a polis to be. This is the first ever documented study of the 1,035 identifiable Greek city states (poleis) of the Archaic and Classical periods (c.650-325 BC). Previous studies of the Greek polis have focused on Athens and Sparta, and the result has been a view of Greek society dominated by Sophokles', Plato's, and Demosthenes' view of what the polis was. This study includes descriptions of Athens and Sparta, but its main purpose is to explore the history and organization of the thousand other city states. The main part of the book is a regionally organized inventory of all identifiable poleis covering the Greek world from Spain to the Caucasus and from the Crimea to Libya. This inventory is the work of 47 specialists, and is divided into 46 chapters, each covering a region. Each chapter contains an account of the region, a list of second-order settlements, and an alphabetically ordered description of the poleis. This description covers such topics as polis status, territory, settlement pattern, urban centre, city walls and monumental architecture, population, military strength, constitution, alliance membership, colonization, coinage, and Panhellenic victors. The first part of the book is a description of the method and principles applied in the construction of the inventory and an analysis of some of the results to be obtained by a comparative study of the 1,035 poleis included in it. The ancient Greek concept of polis is distinguished from the modern term 'city state', which historians use to cover many other historic civilizations, from ancient Sumeria to the West African cultures absorbed by the nineteenth-century colonializing powers. The focus of this project is what the Greeks themselves considered a polis to be This Inventory of poleis of the Archaic and Classical periods is the result of an investigation conducted by the Copenhagen Polis Centre in the years 1993-2003.