An Informal Conceptual Introduction to Turbulence: Second Edition of An Informal Introduction to Turbulence (Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications (92))

This Book Is A Second Completely Revised Edition Of An Informal Introduction To Turbulence. The Main Emphasis Is On Conceptual And Problematic Aspects, Physical Phenomena, Observations, Misconceptions And Unresolved Issues Rather Than On Conventional Formalistic Aspects, Models, Etc. Apart From The Obvious Fundamental Importance Of Turbulent Flows Such An Emphasis Is A Consequence Of The View That Without Corresponding Progress In Fundamental Aspects There Is Little Chance For Progress In Any Applications Such As Drag Reduction, Mixing, Control And Modeling Of Turbulence. More Generally There Is A Desperate Need For Physical Fundamentals Of The Technological Processes In Which Turbulence Plays A Central Role. The Conceptual Issues Are Made Dominant In This Second Edition. This Required To Address In More Detail Those Misconceptions Which Are The Consequence Of The Profound Difficulties Of The Subject And Which Travel From One Publication To Another. A New Chapter Titled Analogies, Misconceptions And Ill Defined Concepts Was Added Along With A Number Of New Sections On Such Topics As Ergodicity, Eulerian Versus Lagrangian Descriptions, On Validation Of Theories, On Anomalous Scaling And Ill Posedness Of The Concept Of Inertial Range, On The Tennekes And Lumlety Balance, And Mathematics Versus Turbulence Among Others. Many Of These Are To A Large Extent A Consequence Of The Series Of Lectures Delivered In The Imperial College London In 2007 And 2008 In The Frame Of Marie Curie Chair In Fundamental And Conceptual Aspects Of Turbulent Flows Which Was Held By The Author During The Period June 1, 2006 - May 31, 2009.--publisher's Website. Introduction. Brief History ; Nature And Major Qualitative Universal Features Of Turbulent Flows ; Why Turbulence Is So Impossibly Difficult? The Three N's ; Outline Of The Following Material ; In Lieu Of A Summary. -- Origins Of Turbulence. Instability ; Transition To Turbulence Versus Routes To Chaos ; Many Ways Of Creating Turbulent Flows ; Summary. -- Methods Of Describing And Studying Turbulent Flows. Deterministic Versus Random/stochastic Or How 'statistical' Is Turbulence? ; On Statistical Theories, Reduced (low-dimensional) Representations And Related Matters ; Turbulence Versus Deterministic Chaos ; Statistical Methods Of Looking At The Data Only? Or What Kind Of Statistics One Needs? ; Decompositions/representations ; Eulerian Versus Lagrangian Descriptions ; Ergodicity ; On Methods Of Studying Turbulent Flows ; Summary. --^ Kinematics. Passive Objects In Random Fluid Flows ; Kinematic/lagrangian Chaos/advection ; On The Relation Between Eulerian And Lagrangian Fields ; Summary. -- Phenomenology. Introductory Notes ; Kolmogorov Phenomenology And Related Subjects ; Anomalous Scaling ; Cascade ; Summary. -- Dynamics. Introduction ; Why Velocity Derivatives? ; The Tennekes And Lumley (tl) Balance And Self-amplification Of The Field Of Velocity Derivatives ; Geometrical Statistics ; Depression Of Nonlinearity ; Nonlocality ; Acceleration And Related Matters ; On-gaussian Nature Of Turbulence ; Irreversibility Of Turbulence ; Summary. -- Structure(s) Of Turbulent Flows. Introduction ; Intermittency ; What Is (are) Structure(s) Of Turbulent Flows? ; Which Quantities Possess Structure In Turbulence And How One 'digs' Them Out? ; Summary. --^ Turbulence Under Various Influences And Physical Circumstances. Introduction ; Shear Flows ; Partly-turbulent Flows - Entrainment And Phenomena In The Proximity Of Interfaces ; Variable Density; Rotation ; Negative Eddy Viscosity Phenomena ; Magnetohydrodynamic Flows ; Two-dimensional Turbulence ; Pure Two-dimensional Versus Quasi-two-dimensional ; Additives. -- Analogies, Misconceptions And Illdefined Concepts. Introduction ; Eddy Viscosity, Models ; Genuine Turbulence Versus Passive Turbulence ; Vorticity Versus Passive Vectors ; Summary. -- Conclusion/close. Universality ; Reynolds-number Dependence And The Limit Of Vanishing Viscosity ; Turbulence Versus Mathematics And Vice Versa ; On The Goals Of Basic Research In Turbulence. Arkady Tsinober. Previous Ed. Published Under Title: An Informal Introduction To Turbulence. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 385-437) And Indexes. The subject of turbulence remains and probably will remain as the most exciting one for the mind of researchers in a variety of ?elds. Since publication of the ?rst edition of this book in November 2001 a number of otherbooksonturbulencehaveappeared,forexampleBernardandWallace (2002), Oberlack and Busse (2002), Foias et al. (2001), Biskamp (2003), Davidson(2004),Jovanovich(2004),SagautandCambon(2008)tomention afew. Soonehastoaskagain thequestionwhyasecondeditionofonebook from a ?eld of so many on the same subject? Does it make any di?erence? Thereareadditionalreasonsapartofthosegiveninthe?rstedition. One of thebasic premises of this bookis thatWeabsolutelymustleave roomfor doubtor thereis noprogress and nolearning. Thereis nolearning without posing a question. And a question requires doubt. . . Now the freedom of doubt,whichisabsolutelyessentialforthedevelopmentofscience,wasborn from astruggle with constituted authorities. . . R. Feynmann (1964). This is closely related to the term conceptual : the book has now a di?erent title An informal conceptual introduction to turbulence. One of the main f- tures of the ?rst edition was indeed its conceptual orientation. The second edition is an attempt to make this feature dominant. Consequently items whicharesecondaryfromthispointofview werereducedandeven removed in favour of those added which are important conceptually. This required addressing in more detail most common misconceptions, which are con- quencesoftheprofounddi?cultiesofthesubjectandwhichtravel fromone publication to another. Consequently a one page Appendix D listing some of these misconceptions in the ?rst edition became chapter 9 titled Ana- gies,misconceptions and ill de?ned concepts. Front Matter....Pages i-xix Introduction....Pages 1-33 Origins of Turbulence....Pages 35-42 Methods of Describing and Studying Turbulent Flows....Pages 43-73 Kinematics....Pages 75-91 Phenomenology....Pages 93-122 Dynamics....Pages 123-203 Structure(s) of Turbulent Flows....Pages 205-236 Turbulence Under Various Influences and Physical Circumstances....Pages 237-294 Analogies, Misconceptions and Ill-Defined Concepts....Pages 295-319 Conclusion/Close....Pages 321-347 Appendix A. What is Turbulence?....Pages 349-354 Appendix B. About the ‘SNAGS’ of the Problem....Pages 355-357 Appendix C. Glossary of Essential Fluid Mechanics....Pages 359-382 Appendix D: Glossary of Some Terms....Pages 383-384 Back Matter....Pages 385-464