An Atlas of Selected Galaxies : With Illustrations of Photometric Analyses

It is only several decades since galaxies were recognized as huge aggregations of matter in the universe which consist of myriads of stars and vast clouds of gas. The wide variety of shapes of galaxies is one of the wonders of the universe. Attempts to classify galaxies have continued since an early stage of study, when they were still called nebulae. The first step towards classification was a grouping of the patterns; the second step a systematic arrangement of various morphological types. Classification schemes that are in present use, such as Hubble's, are in the second group. These classifications are usually based on pattern recognition after a visual inspection of the photographic image of the galaxy, and is therefore qualitative and more or less subjective. Using surface photometry of galaxies, a technique which has advanced remarkably in recent years, photographs of galaxies taken in several colour bands can now be efficiently reduced to photometric data. Analysis of this data gives quantitative information on the luminosity and colour distribution for every element of galaxies. The Atlas of Selected Galaxies presents photographs taken with the Okayama 188 cm reflector and the Kiso 105 cm Schmidt telescope for the purpose of photometric analysis. A large number of illustration are given to demonstrate the way in which photographs of galaxies are reduced into quantitative data. These illustrations also show some representative results obtained in the course of the editors' work on the quantitative classification of galaxies. Part I, General Description of the Classification and Photometric Analyses, includes eight sections, whose authors all shared the photometric work and prepared the photographs. In Part II, The Atlas, the illustrations are arranged in sections corresponding to those in Part I. Part III includes tables of data for the atlas. Cover Half Title Title Copyright Table of Contents Preface Introduction Part I. General Descriptions of the Classification and Photometric Analyses 1. Classification of Galaxies 1.1. Classifications in Early Period 1.2. Hubble’s Classification 1.3. De Vaucouleurs’ Classification (Revised Hubble’s Classification) 1.4. Van den Bergh’s Luminosity Class (DDO Classification) 1.5. Morgan’s Classification (Yerkes Classification) 1.6. Remarks on the New Step of Galaxy Classification 2. Surface Photometry 2.1. Quantitative Presentation of Photographic Images 2.2. Isophotal Map and Substructures 2.3. Isochromatic Map and Stellar Composition 2.4. Effects of Projection and Internal Absorption 3. Radial Luminosity Distribution 3.1. Luminosity Profile 3.2. Luminosity Profile of Nearly Face-on Galaxies 3.3. Smoothing of the Luminosity Profile 3.4. Laws of Radial Luminosity Distribution 3.5. Normalization of the Luminosity Profile 4. Luminosity Distribution Perpendicular to the Galactic Plane 4.1. Surface Photometry of Edge-on Galaxies 4.2. Features Seen in Edge-on Galaxies 4.3. Luminosity Distribution of Bulge and Disk Components 4.4. Three-Dimensional Models of Galaxies 5. Projected Profile and Related Analysis 5.1. Projected Profile and Generalized Radial Profile 5.2. Representative Examples 5.3. Quantitative Expression of the Global Radial Structure 6. Spectral Analysis of Spiral Patterns 6.1. The Background and Objectives of the Analysis 6.2. Fourier Analysis of the Observed Intensity Distribution 6.3. Indices Related to Morphological Features 7. Active Galaxies and Peculiar Galaxies 7.1. Seyfert Galaxies, N Galaxies and Quasars 7.2. Survey for Ultraviolet-Excess Galaxies and Emission-Line Galaxies with Schmidt Telescopes 7.3. Peculiar Galaxies 8. Clusters of Galaxies 8.1. Richness and Morphological Classifications 8.2. Clusters Including cD Galaxies 8.3. Luminosity Function of Cluster Member Galaxies Appendix. Toward a Quantitative Classification References General References Our Publications Related to This Atlas Representative Atlases and Catalogues Part II. The Atlas 1. Classification of Galaxies 2. Surface Photometry 3. Radial Luminosity Distribution 4. Luminosity Distribution Perpendicular to the Galactic Plane 5. Projected Profile and Related Analysis 6. Spectral Analysis of Spiral Patterns 7. Active Galaxies and Peculiar Galaxies 8. Clusters of Galaxies Part III. Table of Data for the Atlas Table 1. List of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies Table 2. List of Plates Table 3. Data for Isophotal Maps The Atlas of Selected Galaxies presents photographs taken with the Okayama 188 cm reflector and the Kiso 105 cm Schmidt telescope for the purpose of photometric analysis. A large number of illustrations are given to demonstrate the way in which photographs of galaxies are reduced into quantitative data. Edited By Bunshiro Takase, Keiichi Kodaira, Sadanori Okamura. Bibliography: P. 21-22.