American Universities In A Global Market (national Bureau Of Economic Research Conference Report)

In higher education, the United States is the preeminent global leader, dominating the list of the world’s top research universities. But there are signs that America’s position of global leadership will face challenges in the future, as it has in other realms of international competition. __American Universities in a Global Market__ addresses the variety of issues crucial to understanding this preeminence and this challenge. The book examines the various factors that contributed to America’s success in higher education, including openness to people and ideas, generous governmental support, and a tradition of decentralized friendly competition. It also explores the advantages of holding a dominant position in this marketplace and examines the current state of American higher education in a comparative context, placing particular emphasis on how market forces affect universities. By discussing the differences in quality among students and institutions around the world, this volume sheds light on the singular aspects of American higher education. In higher education, the United States is the preeminent global leader, dominating the list of the world's top research universities. But there are signs that America's position of global leadership will face challenges in the future, as it has in other realms of international competition. "American Universities in a Global Market" addresses the variety of issues crucial to understanding this preeminence and this challenge. The book examines the various factors that contributed to America's success in higher education, including openness to people and ideas, generous governmental support, and a tradition of decentralized friendly competition. It also explores the advantages of holding a dominant position in this marketplace and examines the current state of American higher education in a comparative context, placing particular emphasis on how market forces affect universities. By discussing the differences in quality among students and institutions around the world, this volume sheds light on the singular aspects of American higher education. This book is divided into four parts. Part I, Storm Clouds for American Higher Education?, Contains the following: (1) Is the United States Losing Its Preeminence in Higher Education? (James D. Adams); and (2) To Be or Not to Be: Major Choices in Budding Scientists (Eric Bettinger). Part ii, Universities as Firms in a Global Market, contains the following: (3) Coming to America: Where Do International Doctorate Students Study and How Do us Universities Respond? (John Bound and Sarah Turner); (4) The Economics of University Science and the Role of Foreign Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars (Grant C. Black and Paula E. Stephan); and (5) Universities as Firms: The Case of us Overseas Programs (E. Han Kim and Min Zhu). Part iii, Emulation and Competition Abroad, contains the following: (6) The Structure of European Higher Education in the Wake of the Bologna Reforms (Ofer Malamud); (7) The Americanization of European Higher Education and Research (Lex Borghans and Frank Corvers); (8) Higher Education in China: Complement or Competition to us Universities? (Haizheng Li); (9) Indian Higher Education (Devesh Kapur); and (10) From Brain Drain to Brain Competition: Changing Opportunities and the Career Patterns of us- Trained Korean Academics (Sunwoong Kim). Part iv, Looking Ahead, contains the following: (11) What Does Global Expansion of Higher Education Mean for the United States? (Richard B. Freeman). (Contains 85 tables and 72 line drawings.) Storm Clouds For American Higher Education? -- Is The U.s. Losing Its Preeminence In Higher Education? / James D. Adams -- To Be Or Not To Be: Major Choices In Budding Scientists / Eric Bettinger -- Universities As Firms In A Global Market -- Coming To America: Where Do International Doctorate Students Study And How Do U.s. Universities Respond? / John Bound And Sarah Turner -- The Economics Of University Science And The Role Of Foreign Graduate Students And Postdoctoral Scholars / Grant C. Black And Paula E. Stephan -- Universities As Firms: The Case Of U.s. Overseas Programs / E. Han Kim And Min Zhu -- Emulation And Competition Abroad -- The Structure Of European Higher Education In The Wake Of The Bologna Reforms / Ofer Malamud -- The Americanization Of European Higher Education And Research / Lex Borghans And Frank Cörvers -- Higher Education In China : Complement Or Competition To U.s. Universities? / Haizheng Li -- Indian Higher Education / Devesh Kapur -- From Brain Drain To Brain Competition: Changing Opportunities And The Career Patterns Of U.s.-trained Korean Academics / Sunwoong Kim -- Looking Ahead -- What Does Global Expansion Of Higher Education Mean For The U.s.? / Richard B. Freeman. Edited By Charles T. Clotfelter. Mode Of Access: World Wide Web.

In higher education, the United States is the preeminent global leader, dominating the list of the world’s top research universities. But there are signs that America’s position of global leadership will face challenges in the future, as it has in other realms of international competition. American Universities in a Global Market addresses the variety of issues crucial to understanding this preeminence and this challenge. The book examines the various factors that contributed to America’s success in higher education, including openness to people and ideas, generous governmental support, and a tradition of decentralized friendly competition. It also explores the advantages of holding a dominant position in this marketplace and examines the current state of American higher education in a comparative context, placing particular emphasis on how market forces affect universities. By discussing the differences in quality among students and institutions around the world, this volume sheds light on the singular aspects of American higher education.

 

In recent years, Americas position of leadership in the world has been challenged in many ways. One significant shift is that the countrys position as the preeminent global leader in higher education, particularly in the fields of science and technology, has come into question. American Universities in a Global Market addresses the variety of issues crucial to understanding this change. The volume examines the various factors that contributed to Americas success in higher education, including openness to people and ideas, generous governmental support, and a tradition of decentralized friendly competition. It also explores the advantages of holding a dominant position in this marketplace and examines the current state of American higher education in a comparative context, placing particular emphasis on how market forces affect universities. The book also discusses the differences in quality among students and institutions around the world and sheds light on the singular aspects of American higher education. Bringing together an expert group of contributors, this book undertakes an empirical investigation of the effects of China's new status as a major player in world trade. The essays collected here provide detailed analyses of the microstructure of trade, the macroeconomic implications, sector-level issues, and foreign direct investment. This volume's careful examination of micro data in light of established economic theories clarifies a number of misconceptions, overturns some conventional wisdom, and documents data patterns that enhance our understanding of issues related to China's trade This volume provides new information on the economics of the postgraduate science and engineering job market, addressing such topics as the factors that determine the supply of PhDs, the career paths they follow after graduation, and the creation and use of knowledge as it is reflected by the number of papers and patents produced. A distinguished team of contributors also explores the tensions between industry and academe in recruiting graduates, the influx of foreign-born doctorates, and the success of female doctorates International Differences in Entrepreneurship explains how a country's institutional differences, cultural considerations, and personal characteristics can affect the role that entrepreneurs play in its economy. In addition, contributors consider how features of individual economies, such as market regulation, government subsidies for banks, and support for entrepreneurial culture affect the industry, and the impact that entrepreneurs have on growth in developing nations China's Growing Role in World Trade Edited by Robert C. Feenstra and Shang-Jin Wei