American Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of Choice in the 21st Century (Fourth Edition)

A crystal-clear, engaging introduction to U.S. foreign policy by one of the leading scholars in the field.Addressing both foreign policy strategy and foreign policy politics, Bruce Jentleson—respected scholar, award-winning teacher, and foreign policy practitioner—offers students the theoretical framework, historical context, and policy analysis essential for understanding American foreign policy in the twenty-first century. Professor Jentleson focuses on foreign policy strategy and foreign policy politics and employs a four-part framework (the four Ps: Power, Peace, Prosperity, and Principles) through which students can begin to appreciate the problems and choices faced by the United States as it tries to steer a course through world events. The Fourth Edition of American Foreign Policy has been thoroughly updated with relevant political developments, including foreign policy changes instituted by the Obama administration. Cover......Page 1 Copyright......Page 4 Title Page......Page 5 Contents......Page 7 Lists of Maps, Boxes, Figures, and Tables......Page 17 Preface to the Fourth Edition......Page 21 PART I: The Context of U.S. Foreign Policy: Theory and History......Page 31 Introduction: Foreign Policy in a Time of Transition......Page 32 The Context of the International System......Page 36 The National Interest: The “4 Ps” Framework......Page 39 Dilemmas of Foreign Policy Choice: “4 Ps” Complementarity, Trade-offs, and Dissensus......Page 49 Summary......Page 54 Introduction: Dispelling the “Water’s Edge” Myth......Page 57 The President, Congress, and “Pennsylvania Avenue Diplomacy”......Page 59 Executive-Branch Politics......Page 71 Interest Groups and Their Influence......Page 79 The Impact of the News Media......Page 88 The Nature and Influence of Public Opinion......Page 92 Summary......Page 97 Introduction: “The Past Is Prologue”......Page 102 Brief Historical Chronology......Page 103 Great Debates over Foreign Policy Strategy......Page 113 Great Debates in Foreign Policy Politics......Page 133 Summary......Page 140 Introduction: “Present at the Creation”......Page 144 Peace: International Institutionalism and the United Nations......Page 146 Power: Nuclear Deterrence and Containment......Page 149 Principles: Ideological Bipolarity and the Third World “ABC” Approach......Page 160 Prosperity: Creation of the Liberal International Economic Order......Page 163 Foreign Policy Politics and the Cold War Consensus......Page 165 Summary......Page 176 Introduction: Turbulent Decades......Page 180 The Vietnam War: A Profound Foreign Policy Setback......Page 181 The Rise and Fall of Détente: Major Foreign Policy Shifts......Page 190 1970s Economic Shocks......Page 200 Reagan, Gorbachev, and the End of the Cold War......Page 207 Summary......Page 222 Readings for Part I: The Context of U.S. Foreign Policy: Theory and History......Page 227 1.1 Power: The Mainsprings of American Foreign Policy......Page 228 1.2 Peace: Governance in a Partially Globalized World......Page 232 1.3 Prosperity: The United States and World Economic Power......Page 237 1.4 Principles: The United States and the Global Struggle for Democracy: Early 1990s Perspective......Page 241 2.1 The President and Congress: What the Founding Fathers Intended......Page 246 2.2 Bureaucratic Politics: Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis......Page 251 2.3 Public Opinion: Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Challenges to the Almond-Lippmann Consensus......Page 253 3.1 Internationalism: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Coming of World War II......Page 261 3.2 Imperialism: The American “New Empire”......Page 269 4.1 Cold War Revisionist Critique: The American Conception of National Security and the Beginnings of the Cold War, 1945–48......Page 276 4.2 Nuclear Deterrence Doctrine: Strategy in the Missile Age......Page 283 4.3 The Sources of Containment: The Sources of Soviet Conduct......Page 289 5.1 Vietnam: Vietnam: The System Worked......Page 293 5.2 Détente: Détente: The Search for a “Constructive” Relationship......Page 297 5.3 The End of the Cold War: The Unexpected Ronald Reagan......Page 303 5.3 The End of the Cold War: The Soviet Union’s Crucial Role......Page 306 PART II: American Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century: Choices and Challenges......Page 309 Introduction: 11/9 and 9/11—Crumbling Wall and Crashing Towers......Page 310 Foreign Policy Strategy for a New Era......Page 311 Foreign Policy Politics: Diplomacy Begins at Home......Page 352 Summary......Page 364 7 Post–Cold War Geopolitics: Major Powers and Regions......Page 372 Major Powers Geopolitics......Page 373 Europe......Page 376 Asia......Page 398 Latin America......Page 413 Africa......Page 421 Foreign Policy Politics: A Case Study......Page 424 Summary......Page 429 Introduction: September 13, 1993, to September 11, 2001: From Hope to Tragedy......Page 435 Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm: The 1990–91 Persian Gulf War......Page 437 9/11 and the Bush War on Terrorism......Page 439 The Iraq War......Page 449 Key Issues and Initial Obama Strategies......Page 465 The Arab-Israeli Conflict......Page 478 Foreign Policy Politics: Terrorism and the Iraq War......Page 486 Summary......Page 502 Introduction: Success and Failure, Hope and Despair......Page 510 Is the U.S. National Interest at Stake?......Page 513 What Are the Driving Forces of Wars of Identity?......Page 517 What about National Sovereignty?......Page 519 Which Types of Preventive Diplomacy Strategies Can Be Most Effective?......Page 523 When Should Military Force Be Used?......Page 526 Who Decides on Military Intervention?......Page 532 How to End Conflicts and Build Peace?......Page 533 Darfur: “Yet Again”......Page 540 Foreign Policy Politics Case Study: War Powers, Public Opinion, and Humanitarian Intervention......Page 545 Summary......Page 550 Introduction: American Foreign Policy in an Era of Globalization......Page 558 The Globalization Debate......Page 559 International Trade......Page 570 International Finance......Page 576 Global Poverty and Sustainable Development......Page 581 Global Public Health......Page 593 Global Environmental Issues......Page 598 Foreign Policy Politics: The New Politics of Globalization and the Old Politics of Trade......Page 607 Summary......Page 614 Introduction: Democracy and the U.S. National Interest......Page 620 Global Democracy and Human Rights: Status and Prospects......Page 623 Principles and Peace: The Democratic Peace Debate......Page 634 Principles and Power: Tensions and Trade-Offs......Page 639 Principles and Prosperity: The Economic Sanctions Debate......Page 647 Policy Strategies for Promoting Democracy and Protecting Human Rights......Page 650 Foreign Policy Politics: Economic Sanctions and the South Africa Case......Page 663 Summary......Page 666 Readings for Part II: American Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century: Choices and Challenges......Page 673 6.1 Unilateralism: The Unipolar Moment Revisited......Page 674 6.2 The United Nations: “We the Peoples”......Page 679 7.1 America as the World’s Government: The Case for Goliath......Page 686 7.2 Superpower—But Can’t Go it Alone: The Paradox of American Power......Page 689 8.1 Doctrine on Pre-Emption: Pre-Emption and National Security Strategy......Page 693 8.2 Bush Doctrine Critique: America’s Imperial Ambition......Page 695 8.3 A Global Strategy against Terrorism: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States......Page 699 9.1 The Responsibility to Protect: The Case for Humanitarian Intervention......Page 702 9.2 From “Yet Again” to “Never Again: ” Preventing Genocide: A Blueprint for U.S. Policymakers......Page 705 9.3 The Media and Foreign Policy: The Media and U.S. Policies Toward Intervention: A Closer Look at the “CNN Effect”......Page 707 10.1 The Global AIDS Crisis: Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic......Page 715 10.2 The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming: An Inconvenient Truth......Page 720 10.3 Keck and Kathryn Sikkink, NGOs: Transnational Networks in International Politics: An Introduction......Page 723 11.1 The Triumph of Democracy: The End of History?......Page 732 11.2 Ongoing Threats to Democracy: The Clash of Civilizations?......Page 736 11.3 Democratic Peace?: Democratization and the Danger of War......Page 743 Credits......Page 751 Glossary......Page 755 Index......Page 773

Thoroughly updated to reflect the most recent developments, the Third Edition of American Foreign Policy addresses with unmatched authority the most pressing foreign policy issues of this new global era: how should the United States wield its power, pursue peace, be true to its principles, and work with the international community?

Booknews

A primary text for courses on American foreign policy, encompassing both foreign policy strategy and foreign policy politics. Part I provides theory and history for establishing a framework for the dynamics of choice, and Part II applies this framework to the post- Cold War foreign policy agenda and major choices the US now faces. Pedagogical features include boxes on major policy and theoretical debates, and excerpts from speeches and documents. Jentleson is director of the Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy and professor of public policy and political science at Duke University. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

A crystal-clear, engaging introduction to U.S. foreign policy by one of the leading scholars in the field. Addressing both foreign policy strategy and foreign policy politics, Bruce Jentlesonrespected scholar, award-winning teacher, and foreign policy practitioneroffers students the theoretical framework, historical context, and policy analysis essential for understanding American foreign policy in the twenty-first century. Professor Jentleson focuses on foreign policy strategy and foreign policy politics and employs a four-part framework (the four Ps: Power, Peace, Prosperity, and Principles) through which students can begin to appreciate the problems and choices faced by the United States as it tries to steer a course through world events. The Fourth Edition of American Foreign Policy has been thoroughly updated with relevant political developments, including foreign policy changes instituted by the Obama administration.