Amazons, Wives, Nuns, and Witches: Women and the Catholic Church in Colonial Brazil, 1500-1822 (Louann Atkins Temple Women & Culture)

The Roman Catholic church played a dominant role in colonial Brazil, so that women’s lives in the colony were shaped and constrained by the Church’s ideals for pure women, as well as by parallel concepts in the Iberian honor code for women. Records left by Jesuit missionaries, Roman Catholic church officials, and Portuguese Inquisitors make clear that women’s daily lives and their opportunities for marriage, education, and religious practice were sharply circumscribed throughout the colonial period. Yet these same documents also provide evocative glimpses of the religious beliefs and practices that were especially cherished or independently developed by women for their own use, constituting a separate world for wives, mothers, concubines, nuns, and witches. Drawing on extensive original research in primary manuscript and printed sources from Brazilian libraries and archives, as well as secondary Brazilian historical works, Carole Myscofski proposes to write Brazilian women back into history, to understand how they lived their lives within the society created by the Portuguese imperial government and Luso-Catholic ecclesiastical institutions. Myscofski offers detailed explorations of the Catholic colonial views of the ideal woman, the patterns in women’s education, the religious views on marriage and sexuality, the history of women’s convents and retreat houses, and the development of magical practices among women in that era. One of the few wide-ranging histories of women in colonial Latin America, this book makes a crucial contribution to our knowledge of the early modern Atlantic World. The Roman Catholic Church Played A Dominant Role In Colonial Brazil, So That Women's Lives In The Colony Were Shaped And Constrained By The Church's Ideals For Pure Women, As Well As By Parallel Concepts In The Iberian Honor Code For Women. Records Left By Jesuit Missionaries, Roman Catholic Church Officials, And Portuguese Inquisitors Make Clear That Women's Daily Lives And Their Opportunities For Marriage, Education, And Religious Practice Were Sharply Circumscribed Throughout The Colonial Period. Yet These Same Documents Also Provide Evocative Glimpses Of The Religious Beliefs And Practices That Were Especially Cherished Or Independently Developed By Women For Their Own Use, Constituting A Separate World For Wives, Mothers, Concubines, Nuns, And Witches -- Amazons And Others -- Amazons And Cannibals : Imagining Brazilian Women In The Colonial Period -- The Body Of Virtues : The Christian Ideal For Brazilian Women -- Reading, Writing, And Sewing : Education For Brazilian Women -- Before The Church Doors : Women As Wives And Concubines -- Freiras And Recolhidas : The Reclusive Life For Brazilian Women -- Women And Magic : Religious Dissidents In Colonial Brazil -- Closing The Colonial Era. Carole A. Myscofski. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. The Roman Catholic Church played a dominant role in colonial Brazil, so that women's lives in the colony were shaped and constrained by the Church's ideals for pure women, as well as by parallel concepts in the Iberian honor code for women. Records left by Jesuit missionaries, Roman Catholic church officials, and Portuguese Inquisitors make clear that women's daily lives and their opportunities for marriage, education, and religious practice were sharply circumscribed throughout the colonial period. Yet these same documents also provide evocative glimpses of the religious beliefs and practices that were especially cherished or independently developed by women for their own use, constituting a separate world for wives, mothers, concubines, nuns, and witches -- Provided by Publisher Acknowledgments 10 Introduction. Amazons and Others 14 1. Amazons and Cannibals: Imagining Brazilian Women in the Colonial Period 32 2. The Body of Virtues: The Christian Ideal for Brazilian Women 68 3. Reading, Writing, and Sewing: Education for Brazilian Women 97 4. Before the Church Doors: Women as Wives and Concubines 120 5. Freiras and Recolhidas: The Reclusive Life for Brazilian Women 156 6. Women and Magic: Religious Dissidents in Colonial Brazil 196 Conclusion. Closing the Colonial Era 241 Notes 252 Bibliography 284 Index 304 The Roman Catholic church played a dominant role in colonial Brazil, so that women's lives were shaped and constrained by the Church's ideals for pure women, as well as by parallel concepts in the Iberian honor code. This book offers an explorations of the Catholic colonial views of the ideal woman, and the patterns in women's education.