Alkaline rocks, kimberlites and carbonatites : geochemistry and genesis : proceedings of the XV International Seminar "Deep-seated magmatism, its sources and plumes", 1-7 September 2019, Russia, Saki

"This proceedings book represents a collection of conference papers examining the fundamental problems of deep magmatism. Enriched mantle reservoirs can be the source of the most massive apatite and rare metal deposits. Additionally, this book also presents some of the characteristics of kimberlites' composition from the deep Yubileinaya pipe and the mineralogical features of the Nakyn kimberlite field (Yakutia) and the crystallochemical features of rare and complex silicates from charoite rocks of the deep Murunskii massif in South Africa and the comendites of Mongolia."--Provided by publisher Editor’s Preface Contents 1 Enriched Mantle Reservoirs as a Source of the Largest Apatite and Rare-Metal Deposits Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Enriched Reservoirs in the Earth’s History 3 Global Mantle Metasomatism and Genesis of Enriched Mantle Reservoirs 4 Depth of Formation of Enriched Mantle Reservoirs 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 2 Problems of Mantle Structure and Compositions of Various Terranes of Siberian Craton Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods of Research 3 Tectonic Zoning of the Siberian Craton and Kimberlite Volcanism and Tectonic Structures Ratio 4 Layered Peridotite Mantle of Some Areas Near Siberian Craton 4.1 Devonian (to Silurian) Stage of Kimberlite Magmatism 4.1.1 Daldyn Field 4.1.2 Alakit Field 4.1.3 Alakit Field 4.1.4 Malo-Botuobinsky (Mirninsky) Field 4.1.5 Nakyn Field 4.1.6 Upper Muna Field 4.1.7 Morkoka Field 4.1.8 Toluopsky Field 4.1.9 West Ukukit Field 4.1.10 Prisayanye 4.2 Mantle Under Triassic Kimberlites 4.2.1 Kharamai Field 4.2.2 Ary-Mastakh Field 4.2.3 Kuranakh Field 4.2.4 Biriginda Field 4.2.5 Manchary Field 4.2.6 Orto-Yargyn Field 4.2.7 Laptev Sea and Lena River Mouth, Carnian Collector 4.2.8 Middle and Lower Stretches of the Anabar River 4.3 Middle-Late Jurassic Stage of Kimberlite Magmatism 4.3.1 Kuoyka Field 4.3.2 Molodo Field 4.3.3 Khorobosuonka Field 5 Geochemical Characteristics of Minerals of Various Mantle Terranes 6 Mantle Cross-Sections 7 Global Mantle Transects 7.1 SSW-NNE Transect 7.2 Transect Through the Southern Part of the Siberian Craton (NNW–SSE) 7.3 SW-SE Transect in the North of the Siberian Craton 8 Discussion 8.1 Comparisons with Geophysical Data 8.2 Variations in Structure and Composition of Mantle Lithosphere of Different Terranes 8.3 Lithosphere Layering 8.4 The Evolution of Mantle Incisions in Time 9 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 3 Zhidoy Alkali-Ultramafic Rock and Carbonatite Massif: Geochemical Features, Its Sources Aednd Ore-Bearing Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Geological Structure of the Zhidoy Massif 3 Petrochemical Features of the Zhidoy Massif 4 Geochemical Features of the Zhidoy Massif Rocks 5 Mineralogical Features of Zhidoy Massif Rocks 6 Isotopic Studies 7 Conclusions Acknowledgments References 4 Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Content of Alkaline Granite Magmatism of East Sayan Zone (On the Example of Zashikhinsky Deposit) Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Analytical Research Methods 3 Geological Position and Structure of the Massif 4 Petrochemical and Geochemical Characteristicks of the Rocks 5 Mineralogical Charactericstics 6 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 5 Mineralogical and Geochemical Features on the Tsagaan-Uul Pantellerite Dike Swarm (Northern Mongolia) Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Analytical Techniques 3 Mineralogy 4 Major Oxides 5 Trace Elements Acknowledgments References 6 Indicator Role of Spinel-Olivine Paragenesis in Determining Conditions of Dunites Origin in the Central Cart of the Konder Massif Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Phase Composition Data and Calculation Results 3 Conclusion References 7 Chemical Compositional Variation of Clinopyroxenes of Alkaline-Ultrabasic and Alkaline Rocks of the Inagli Massif Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Chemical Compositional Variation of Clinopyroxenes in Rocks of the Inagli Massif 4 Conclusions References 8 Crystal-Chemical Features of Rare and Complex Silicates from Charoite Rocks of the Malyy Murun Volcano-Plutonic Alkaline Complex Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Silicates with Hybrid Tetrahedral Radical 3 Silicates with Tubular Tetrahedral Radicals 4 Silicates with Double Tetrahedral Layers 5 Discussion and Conclusion Acknowledgements References 9 Ca-Concentrations in Olivines from Ultrabasic Rocks—Genetic Findings Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Genetic Criterion—Threshold Content of CaO in Olivine 3 Volcanic Rocks 3.1 Lavae of the Basic Composition 3.2 Comathies and Meimecrites 3.3 Kamafugite Series and Carbonatite Vulcanites 3.4 Kimberlites 4 Plutonic Rocks 5 Data Discussion 6 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 10 Composition and Mechanisms of Formation of Comendite Melts of the Early Mesozoic Bimodal Association of Sant, Central Mongolia Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Short Geological Background and Compositional Characteristics of the Rocks 3 Analytical Methods 4 Crystalline and Melt Inclusions in Minerals 4.1 Investigations of Crystalline and Melt Inclusions in Minerals 4.2 Chemical Composition of Melt Inclusions 5 Discussion Acknowledgements References 11 Composition and Parameters of Generation of Primary Magma of Ultramafic Massif Uitkomst: Thermobarogeochemical Study of Microinclusions Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Petrography of Rocks 4 Results of Studying Inclusions 5 Discussion 5.1 Chemical Composition of the Parental Magma and Its Evolution 5.2 Water in the Melt 5.3 PT-Parameters of Initial Magma 6 Conclusion Acknowledgments References 12 New Mineralogical Type of Mantle Substrate (Nakyn Kimberlite Field, Yakutia) Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Geological Objects, Samples and Methods of Research 3 The Features of the Set and Composition of Deep (Mantle) Minerals 3.1 Olivine 3.2 Pyrope of the Red-Purple Colours 3.3 Chrome Spinel 3.4 Picroilmenite 3.5 Orthopyroxene 3.6 Clinopyroxene 3.7 Pink Garnets 3.8 Green Garnets 4 Distribution of Trace Elements in Garnets 5 TP-Parameters of Nodule Formation 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References 13 Petrology of the Yubileynaya Kimberlite Pipe: Application to the Variation of Kimberlites Composition with the Depth Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Geology of the Pipe 3 Methods of Research and Samples 4 Results 4.1 Petrographic Characteristics and Variability of the Kimberlites Composition 4.2 Mineralogical Features of the Yubileynaya Pipe Kimberlites 5 Conclusion References 14 Ustyansky Diamondiferous Region in the Central Part of the Russian Platform Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Substantiation of Task 3 Stages of Research Work 4 Regional Search Prerequisites 4.1 Favorable Tectonic Prerequisites 4.2 Favorable Morphological and Structural Prerequisites 4.3 Favorable Geological and Stratigraphic Preconditions 4.4 Favorable Geophysical Prerequisites 4.5 Favorable Mineralogical Prerequisites 5 Indirect Search Features 6 Direct Search Features 7 Local Search Prerequisites and Features. Allocation of the Most Promising Sites. 8 Discussion of Results 9 Conclusions References