Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series / NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security)

This book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment. The aim of the workshop was to further joint environmental compartment modelling and applications of control theory to environmental management. It provides an overview of ongoing research in this field regarding assessment of environmental risks and impacts. Springer CONTENTS 6 PREFACE 10 RISK AND EMERGENCY MODELLING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY: GENERAL ASPECTS 13 VARIATIONAL TECHNIQUE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK/VULNERABILTY ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL 26 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND ASSESSMENT MODELLING – SCIENTIFIC NEEDS AND EXPECTED ADVANCEMENTS 40 CONTROL THEORY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT 56 AIR QUALITY MODELS FOR RISK ASSESSMENT AND EMERGENCY PREPARDNESS – INTEGRATION INTO CONTROL NETWORKS 66 INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT MODELLING: APPLICATIONS OF THE IMPACT PATHWAY METHODOLOGY 79 ADVANCED AIR POLLUTION MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO RISK AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT 93 DISPERSION MODELLING OF ATMOSPHERIC CONTAMINANTS RESULTING FROM TERRORIST ATTACKS AND ACCIDENTAL RELEASES IN URBAN AREAS 103 A MULTIPHASE MODEL TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EMISSION CONTROL SCENARIOS 114 ASSESSMENT OF LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT AND DEPOSITION FROM CU-NI SMELTERS IN RUSSIAN NORTH 123 ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL SOURCES ON URBAN AIR QUALITY IN TASHKENT 133 DEVELOPING TECHNICAL APPROACHES TO MAN-CAUSED RISK ESTIMATION FOR THE KRASNOYARSK REGION 143 MODELING AIR QUALITY AND DEPOSITION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE VICINITY OF A CEMENT PLANT FOR HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT 149 SOURCE RECONSTRUCTION FOR ACCIDENTAL RELEASES OF RADIONUCLIDES 160 ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION OVER COMPLEX TERRAIN AND URBAN CANOPY: NON-LOCAL VENTILATION MECHANISMS AND APPLICATION TO POLLUTION-DISPERSION AND AIR-QUALITY PROBLEMS 169 FACTOR SEPARATION IN ATMOSPHIC MODELLING - A REVIEW 171 MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF DYNAMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE SYSTEM SEA-LAND-ATMOSPHERE 187 MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF SOME PROBLEMS OF WATER AND ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION 200 APPLICATION OF INTEGRAL INDICES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL RISKS AND DAMAGES 216 USE OF BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES AS INDICATORS OF POLLUTION ORIGIN IN AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN AREAS 222 ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN THE VADOSE ZONE 226 INTERPOLATION AND UPDATE IN DYNAMIC DATA-DRIVEN APPLICATION SIMULATIONS 239 OIL INFILTRATION INTO SOIL: PROBLEMS OF THE GEORGIAN SECTION OF TRACECA AND THEIR NUMERICAL TREATMENT 251 MODELLING OF DAM-BREAK SEDIMENT FLOWS 263 IDENTIFYING CHANGES IN SOIL QUALITY: CONTAMINATION AND ORGANIC MATTER DECLINE 274 EFFECT OF A HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILL AREA ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY 283 COMPUTATIONAL AND NUMERICAL BACKGROUND OF THE UNIFIED DANISH EULERIAN MODEL 295 FINITE VOLUME SCHEMES ON CUBED SPHERE 305 CHEMICAL WEATHER ANALYSIS OPTIMISATION WITH EMISSION IMPACT ESTIMATION USING NESTED FOUR-DIMENSIONAL VARIATIONAL CHEMISTRY DATA ASSIMILATION 317 OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS OF ALGORITHMS CONNECTED WITH DIFFERENT CALCULATION SCHEMES OF DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 328 CONTROL THEORY AND MODELS (WORKING GROUP 1) 338 INTEGRATED MODELLING AND APPLICATIONS (WORKING GROUP 2) 344 ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING FOR SECURITY: FUTURE NEEDS AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER NETWORKING, NUMERICS AND ALGORITHMS (WORKING GROUP 3) 352 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS: AND MEMBERS OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE 358 SUBJECT INDEX 362 A 362 B 362 C 362 D 362 E 363 F 363 G 363 H 363 I 363 K 364 L 364 M 364 N 364 O 364 P 364 Q 365 R 365 S 365 T 365 U 365 V 365 W 366 X 366 ISBN-13:,9781402058752 Environmental pollution by harmful anthropogenic substances and uncontrolled use of natural reserves have become a global problem and require substantial efforts for developing and applying efficient measures of control, mitigation and abatement. For achieving this goal predictions of possibly resulting risks and impacts are urgently needed for future environmental planning. The majority of environmental quality models is focusing on selected isolated parts of the geo-system though impacts on one compartment usually also affect one or more other parts. There is a strong need to advance to an integral treatment of air, soil and water pollution by combining different models for different media. Furthermore it is imperative to develop and apply modern methods of control theory to environmental risk assessment in order to support mitigation and abatement measures in an optimal way. The aim of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment" was to further joint environmental compartment modelling and applications of control theory to environmental management. The articles of the proceedings provide an overview of ongoing research in this field regarding assessment of environmental risks and impacts. Besides selected issues of practical application they address questions of forward and inverse modelling, integrated treatment of environmental changes and economic impacts as well as aspects of future development of numerical environmental modelling.