Air Transport and the European Union : Europeanization and Its Limits

Air Transport and the European Union examines the emergence of the EU as a major actor in aviation. It investigates how the EU was able to develop a common policy despite the existence of an established sectoral regime and against the opposition of most European states and their 'flag carriers'. European aviation has undergone a revolution since the late 1980s. Liberalization has transformed a sector historically characterized by state interventionism, protectionism and collusion. Despite member state opposition to its involvement, the European Union has become a major force in aviation and the driver of far-reaching change. The book explores how the EU emerged as an actor in aviation, investigates the broadening of policy and examines the impact of EU action on policy and policy-making in the member states and on the industry and its governance beyond. Challenging existing theories and approaches, it argues that greater attention needs to be paid to the international context at all stages of policy development. In exploring the effects of its action on national policy and policy-making in four leading aviation states, the book demonstrates that the EU's impact can most accurately be measured by beginning the analysis at the national level "A very important contribution to the theoretical debate about European integration and Europeanization ... the definitive account of how European air transport has been deregulated."--Martin Staniland, Professor of International Affairs, University of Pittsburgh, USA "comprehensively researched!. authoritative, well written and thoughtful"--Daniel Calleja, Director for Air Transport, European Commission '!the most comprehensive history of the remarkable transformation of this sector to date; it is also a thorough analysis of the effects of EU politics on its member states and the outside world and a fascinating study of the conditions under which European authorities extended their competences. Anybody who believes that governments and company interests are sufficient to explain the dynamics of economic integration needs to read this book.' - Cornelia Woll, Research Fellow, Sciences Po Paris, France and Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, Cologne, Germany "! a masterful treatment of the politics of international aviation that will be of great interest to political scientists, lawyers, and practitioners ... Scholars will find an original perspective on Europeanization and its wider international context; practitioners will find a compelling narrative about the emergence of a new and powerful actor in international aviation."--Yannis Karagiannis, Researcher, Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals (IBEI), Spain Cover 1 Contents 6 Tables and Figure 7 Preface 8 Abbreviations or Acronyms 10 1 Introduction 14 Part I: Air Transport under the Traditional Regime 31 2 From the Chicago Conference to the New US Aviation Policy 32 3 National Aviation Policy in Europe 51 Part II: The Development of the Common Air Transport Policy 68 4 From the Sidelines to the Margins: The EC and Aviation, 1950–83 69 5 The Liberal Breakthrough, 1984–7 91 6 Completing the Single Market in Air Services 115 7 Extending the Scope of the Common Air Transport Policy 140 8 Beyond the Borders of the Single Market 164 Part III: The Impact of EU Action 189 9 Regulating the Single Market 190 10 The EU and the Transformation of European Aviation 225 11 Conclusion: Revolution in the Air 266 Notes 280 References 307 Glossary 335 Index 336 A 336 B 336 C 336 D 338 E 338 F 339 G 339 H 339 I 339 J 339 K 339 L 339 M 340 N 340 O 340 P 340 R 340 S 340 T 341 U 341 V 341 W 341 Z 341 Front Matter....Pages i-xii Introduction....Pages 1-17 Front Matter....Pages 19-19 From the Chicago Conference to the New US Aviation Policy....Pages 21-39 National Aviation Policy in Europe....Pages 40-56 Front Matter....Pages 57-57 From the Sidelines to the Margins: The EC and Aviation, 1950–83....Pages 59-80 The Liberal Breakthrough, 1984–7....Pages 81-104 Completing the Single Market in Air Services....Pages 105-129 Extending the Scope of the Common Air Transport Policy....Pages 130-153 Beyond the Borders of the Single Market....Pages 154-178 Front Matter....Pages 179-179 Regulating the Single Market....Pages 181-215 The EU and the Transformation of European Aviation....Pages 216-256 Conclusion: Revolution in the Air....Pages 257-270 Back Matter....Pages 271-332 Zbrani prispevki ponujajo bralcu analize primerov evropske zunanje politike na raznih, pogosto tudi zapostavljenih področjih in regijah v svetu. Poskušajo oceniti moč in vpliv Evropske unije v tujini v zadnjih letih, obenem pa analizirati dva v procesu evropske politične integracije jasno opredeljiva nasprotna trenda: politično zbliževanje držav članic in stalnost globokih razlik med nacionalnimi interesi. Pojavnost Evropske unije v svetovnem merilu in značilnosti ter omejitve evropske mednarodne vloge so prikazane v luči mednarodnega sistema, političnih velesil, reševanja političnih sporov in regionalnih politik EU Offices in Brussels representing the interests of regional actors in the EU have carved out a niche position within Europe's expanding multi-level political system. They are now the most visible indicators of the growing role played by EU regions. How can we understand their contribution to EU governance? What do they deliver to Europe's regions? What will be the future of security cooperation in Europe after the Bush Administration? 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