Agrochemical Resistance: Extent, Mechanism, and Detection (ACS Symposium Series, No. 808)

## Preface Pesticide science has been given the important task of providing human society the food, fiber, and health that it requires in an environmentally safe, sustainable, and affordable manner. One of the main challenges that we face in obtaining these goals is pesticide resistance. It is well established that the genetic-based evolutionary selection processes that organisms use to develop chemical-resistant strains are universal throughout biology. It is now obvious that resistance to pesticides, which extends to bactericides, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, and rodenticides, will occur for any pest control product when large populations are treated repeatedly with no other intervention. Today, the added pesticide costs associated with resistance is estimated in the millions of dollars and in the billions of dollars when the costs of lost yields are incorporated. Given the genetic basis of pesticide resistance in insects, weeds, and plant pathogens, it is not surprising that we have adopted a genetic approach to its study. Molecular biology approaches have changed the way in which we develop new and novel-acting plant protection products, determine mechanisms of resistance, monitor for resistant pest organisms and produce transgenic crops that are phenotypically less desirable as hosts. How long these new products and crop varieties remain as effective crop protection strategies will depend in large part on how well we manage them in terms of resistance development. Pesticide resistance management has become a primary consideration for any newly introduced crop protection product and an essential component for integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. The ultimate goal of resistance management is the preservation of susceptible genes within the treated pest population. Thus, a major approach in any control strategy is to use all other IPM tools that are available prior to the application of synthetic pesticides. Nevertheless, pesticides, old and new, still remain our most widely used, most effective and most irreplaceable means to control pest organisms. To effectively manage the application of pesticides, diagnostic means to monitor the frequency of resistant alleles in pest organisms is fundamental and a critical need. Such diagnostic techniques must be cheap, rapid, ragged, and of high enough resolution to identify heterozygote individuals. Clearly, DNA-based diagnostic procedures have many of these attributes and their development is rapidly expanding. xi

the 17 Papers In This Book Are Divided Into Three Sections On Insecticide Resistance, Herbicide Resistance, And Fungicide Resistance. Each Section Addresses The Occurrence And Extent Of Resistance, Molecular Determination Of Specific Resistance Mechanisms, And Diagnostic Techniques For Resistance Management. Some Of The Topics Are A Genomics Perspective On Mutant Aliesterases And Metabolic Resistance To Organophosphates, Sulfonylurea-resistant Weeds In Japanese Paddy Rice Fields, And Dna-based Approaches For Diagnosis Of Fungicide Resistance. The Book Is Based On An October 1999 Conference Held In Honolulu. Distributed By Oxford University Press. Annotation C. Book News, Inc., Portland, Or (booknews.com)

Annotation This book reviews the current status of resistance to pesticides used to control pest organisms is countries associated with the Pan Pacific Region. The volume is divided into three sections concentrating on insecticide, herbicide and fungicide resistance aspects. Each section provides the most up to date information on the status, mechanisms, detection strategies and ecologically sound management of resistance