Afro-Latin@s in Movement: Critical Approaches to Blackness and Transnationalism in the Americas (Afro-Latin@ Diasporas)

Through a collection of theoretically engaging and empirically grounded texts, this book examines African-descended populations in Latin America and Afro-Latin@s in the United States in order to explore questions of black identity and representation, transnationalism, and diaspora in the Americas. Acknowledgments 8 Contents 10 Notes on Contributors 14 List of Figures 18 Chapter 1: Introduction: Theorizing Afrolatinidades 19 Blackness and Latinidad in the Americas 22 Latinidad in the United States 26 Toward a Transnational Blackness 29 Outline of the Book 33 Bibliography 42 Part I: Imagining Afrolatinidades 48 Chapter 2: The Expediency of Blackness: Racial Logics and Danzón in the Port of Veracruz, Mexico 52 Histories of Danzón and Blackness 53 Veracruz and the Adoption of Danzón 56 Racial Logics in the Port 60 Expedient Blackness and Racism in Veracruz 62 Veracruz’s Tripartite Mestizaje and Mexican National Mestizaje 65 Conclusion 67 Bibliography 74 Chapter 3: “Ni de aquí, ni de allá”: Garífuna Subjectivities and the Politics of Diasporic Belonging 77 Garifunizando Theories of Mestizaje and the Black Diaspora in Central America 81 “Yeah I’m Black, but there’s more to it, more to who I am”: Contesting US Blackness, Indigeneity, and Latinidad in New York City 83 “Garífunas Stand Up and Be Counted! ¡Garífunas Hagámonos Contar! Garínagu, abahüdüwa wamá”: 2010 US Census in New York City 86 Categorizing Black Indigeneity on the Honduran Census: Campaña de Autoidentificación “Yo Tengo Identidad y Confio en el Censo 2013” 88 Always Already in Movement: Garífuna Subjectivities 93 Bibliography 97 Chapter 4: The Death of “la Reina de la Salsa:” Celia Cruz and the Mythification of the Black Woman 100 Celia Cruz and the Making of a Pan-Latino Icon 103 The Mythical Mystical Black Woman 106 Our (Mammy) Mother 110 Conclusion 112 Bibliography 119 Chapter 5: “Oye, Qué Bien Juegan Los Negros, ¿No?”: Blaxicans and Basketball in Mexico 123 The Game: Part One 123 LNBP 124 Views from Above 126 Becoming Blaxican 129 Soul Jarocho 130 Papeles 134 Blackness: Revisited 136 Nation and Race 137 The Game: Part Two 139 Bibliography 143 Chapter 6: Ritmo Negro: Visions of Afro-Latin America 145 Part II: Rethinking the Archive 149 Chapter 7: Afro-Latin@ Nueva York: Maymie De Mena and the Unsung Afro-Latina Leadership of the UNIA 154 Contesting Patriarchy in the UNIA 156 Garveyism in Latin America 161 The Radicalization of De Mena 162 The Negro World of Harlem 167 Bibliography 180 Chapter 8: Listening to Afro-Latinidad: The Sonic Archive of Olú Clemente 184 Reading the Sonic References of Iconic Afro-­Latin@ Figures 187 Reading Sound on the Page: A Review of Olú Clemente 191 Reading the Spiritual as Political in the Sonic Archive 193 Conclusion 201 Bibliography 205 Chapter 9: Panabay Pride: A Conversation with Los Rakas 208 Theorizing Afrolatinidad 210 Making the Panabay Sound 211 Translocal Afrolatinidad 215 Conclusion 218 Bibliography 221 Chapter 10: The Afro-LAtino Project 223 Part III: Diasporic Politics 227 Chapter 11: Translating Negroes into Negros: Rafael Serra’s Transamerican Entanglements Between Black Cuban Racial and Imperial Subalternity, 1895–1909 233 “The Class of Color Must Organize Itself” 237 Putting Nation Before Diaspora: US Imperialism in White and Black 240 Intersectional Entanglements and the Possibilities of an Afro-Hispanic Caribbean Politics of Relation 249 Bibliography 255 Chapter 12: The Transnational Circulation of Political References: The Black Brazilian Movement and Antiracist Struggles of the Early Twentieth Century 258 The Circulation of References: South Africa and the United States 259 The Black Press in Brazil and the United States 261 Brazilian Race Relations as Seen by Black Americans 268 Where Do Africa and Brazil Fit in African-American History? 270 Conclusion 273 Bibliography 277 Chapter 13: Every Day Is Black Heritage Month: A Conversation Between Yvette Modestin and Tianna S. Paschel 279 Negotiating Black or Latina Identity 281 Raising Consciousness 287 Engendering Diasporic Politics 290 Bibliography 298 Chapter 14: Afterword: Afro-Latinos and Afro-Latin American Studies 299 Bibliography 311 Index 314 "Acknowledgments"--"Contents"--"Notes on Contributors" -- "List of Figures" -- "Chapter 1: Introduction: Theorizing Afrolatinidades" -- "Blackness and Latinidad in the Americas" -- "Latinidad in the United States" -- "Toward a Transnational Blackness" -- "Outline of the Book" -- "Bibliography" -- "Part I: Imagining Afrolatinidades" -- "Chapter 2: The Expediency of Blackness: Racial Logics and DanzÃ3n in the Port of Veracruz, Mexico" -- "Histories of DanzÃ3n and Blackness" -- "Veracruz and the Adoption of DanzÃ3n" -- "Racial Logics in the Port" -- "Expedient Blackness and Racism in Veracruz" -- " Veracruzâ#x80;#x99;s Tripartite Mestizaje and Mexican National Mestizaje" -- "Conclusion" -- "Bibliography" -- "Chapter 3: â#x80;#x9C;Ni de aquÃƯ, ni de alláâ#x80;#x9D;: GarÃƯfuna Subjectivities and the Politics of Diasporic Belonging" -- "Garifunizando Theories of Mestizaje and the Black Diaspora in Central America" -- "â#x80;#x9C;Yeah Iâ#x80;#x99;m Black, but thereâ#x80;#x99;s more to it, more to who I amâ#x80;#x9D;: Contesting US Blackness, Indigeneity, and Latinidad in New York City" -- "â#x80;#x9C;GarÃƯfunas Stand Up and Be Counted! ¡GarÃƯfunas Hagámonos Contar! GarÃƯnagu, abahÃơdÃơwa wamáâ#x80;#x9D;: 2010 US Census in New York City" -- "Categorizing Black Indigeneity on the Honduran Census: Campaña de AutoidentificaciÃ3n â#x80;#x9C;Yo Tengo Identidad y Confio en el Censo 2013â#x80;#x9D;" -- "Always Already in Movement: GarÃƯfuna Subjectivities" -- "Bibliography" -- "Chapter 4: The Death of â#x80;#x9C;la Reina de la Salsa:â#x80;#x9D; Celia Cruz and the Mythification of the Black Woman" -- " Celia Cruz and the Making of a Pan-Latino Icon" -- "The Mythical Mystical Black Woman" -- "Our (Mammy) Mother" -- "Conclusion" -- "Bibliography" -- "Chapter 5: â#x80;#x9C;Oye, Qué Bien Juegan Los Negros, ¿No?â#x80;#x9D;: Blaxicans and Basketball in Mexico" -- "The Game: Part One" -- "LNBP" -- "Views from Above." Front Matter....Pages i-xvii Introduction: Theorizing Afrolatinidades....Pages 1-29 Front Matter....Pages 31-34 The Expediency of Blackness: Racial Logics and Danzón in the Port of Veracruz, Mexico....Pages 35-59 “Ni de aquí, ni de allá”: Garífuna Subjectivities and the Politics of Diasporic Belonging....Pages 61-83 The Death of “la Reina de la Salsa:” Celia Cruz and the Mythification of the Black Woman....Pages 85-107 “Oye, Qué Bien Juegan Los Negros, ¿No?”: Blaxicans and Basketball in Mexico....Pages 109-130 Ritmo Negro: Visions of Afro-Latin America....Pages 131-134 Front Matter....Pages 135-139 Afro-Latin@ Nueva York: Maymie De Mena and the Unsung Afro-Latina Leadership of the UNIA....Pages 141-170 Listening to Afro-Latinidad: The Sonic Archive of Olú Clemente ....Pages 171-194 Panabay Pride: A Conversation with Los Rakas....Pages 195-209 The Afro-LAtino Project....Pages 211-214 Front Matter....Pages 215-220 Translating Negroes into Negros: Rafael Serra’s Transamerican Entanglements Between Black Cuban Racial and Imperial Subalternity, 1895–1909....Pages 221-245 The Transnational Circulation of Political References: The Black Brazilian Movement and Antiracist Struggles of the Early Twentieth Century....Pages 247-267 Every Day Is Black Heritage Month: A Conversation Between Yvette Modestin and Tianna S. Paschel....Pages 269-288 Afterword: Afro-Latinos and Afro-Latin American Studies....Pages 289-303 Back Matter....Pages 305-316 This book considers how ideas about blackness travel across the Americas via migration, and media, cultural, and political exchanges. It examines African-descended populations in Latin America and Afro-Latin@s in the United States in order to explore questions of black identity and representation, transnationalism, and diaspora. Afro-Latin@s in Movement explores diverse topicsĺlfrom popular music to sports to political organizingĺlto consider the ways that blackness is imagined, embodied, and understood across the Americas