Advances in modelling and optimization of manufacturing and industrial systems : select proceedings of CIMS 2021

This book presents select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Industrial and Manufacturing Systems (CIMS 2021) and discusses the applications of soft computing, modelling and optimization practices in industrial and manufacturing systems. Various topics covered in this book include advanced machining methods and performances, industrial operations, processing with hybrid manufacturing techniques, fabrication and developments in micro-machining and its applications, practical issues in supply chain, micro-structure analysis, additive manufacturing processes, reliability and system analysis, material science and metallurgical behaviour analysis, product design and development, etc. The book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in the modelling, optimization and soft computing related aspects of industrial and production engineering and its allied domains. Preface Contents About the Editors Revalidation of Components by Implementation of Bar-Coded Route Cards and Enterprise Resource Planning System in Manufacturing Units 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Research Methods 3.1 Job Order and Job Card 4 Result Discussion 4.1 Conventional Inspection Process Workflow 4.2 Conventional Revalidation Process Workflow 4.3 Implementation of ERP in Tool Cribs 4.4 Retrieval of Data from ERP for Revalidation 4.5 Revalidation Workflow After the Implementation of ERP in Tool Cribs 5 Conclusion References Parametric Study of Process Parameters on Surface Roughness and Dimensional Deviation in Electrical Discharge Machining of Fe-Based SMA 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussions 4 Microstructure Characteristics 5 Conclusions References Analyzing Heat Stress Among Metal Casting Workers Using Selected Thermal Indices: A Pilot Study During Winter Climatic Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Work Methodology 2.1 Considered Heat Stress Indices 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Environmental and Individual Variables 3.2 Evaluated Heat Stress Indices 3.3 Scatterplots and Correlation Analysis 4 Conclusion References Prioritizing the Drivers of Green Supply Chain Management Using ISM-Fuzzy-MICMAC Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Driver’s Identification in GSCM 3.2 Factor Analysis 3.3 ISM Methodology 3.4 ISM Model Formulation 3.5 Fuzzy-MICMAC Analysis 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References CRITIC-COPRAS-Based Selection of Commercially Viable Alternative Fuel Passenger Vehicle 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Methodology 3.1 Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) Method 3.2 The Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) 3.3 Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) 3.4 Combined Compromised Solution (CoCoSo) 4 Application of MCDM Techniques 4.1 Identification of Criteria Weights 4.2 Ranking of Alternate Fuel Vehicle Using Various MCDM Techniques 4.3 Result Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Review on Dielectric Issues and Sustainable Alternatives in Electric Discharge Machining 1 Introduction 2 Dielectrics 2.1 Powder Mixed in Dielectric 2.2 Water-Based Dielectrics 2.3 Biodegradable Dielectrics 3 Issues and Their Sustainable Alternatives 4 Conclusions References Numerical Investigation of Mixing Characteristics of a Passive T-Micromixer with a Twisted Outlet Channel 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Mathematical Modelling 2.2 Numerical Modelling 3 Result 4 Conclusions References Numerical Investigation of T-Micromixer with Twisted Outlet Channel for Non-newtonian Fluid 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Mathematical Modelling 2.2 Numerical Modelling 2.3 Validation of Computational Approach and Grid Independence 3 Results 4 Conclusion References To Study the Effect of Electromagnetic Forces on WIRE Electrochemical Discharge Machining 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Inspiration and Problem Formulation 4 Fabricated Setup and Electromagnet 5 Input Parameters for Machining 6 Experimental Procedure 7 Result Discussion 7.1 Material Removal Rate (MRR) Effect of Input Parameters for Stage I 7.2 Material Removal Rate (MRR) for Stage II, i.e., in the Presence of Electromagnet Magnet 7.3 Effect of Input Parameters on Radial Overcut 7.4 In the Presence of an Electromagnet, Effect of Input Factors for Radial Overcut 8 Conclusion 9 Future Scopes References Reliability Prediction and Its Simulation for a Friction Stir Processing Tool 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Setup 3 System Description 4 Matlab Program for Markov Method 5 Matlab Program for Monte-Carlo Method 6 Conclusion References Enhancement of Electrochemical Discharge Machining (ECDM) Characteristics with Tool Electrode Rotation 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 2.1 Problem Formulation 3 Research Methods 4 Results and Discussions 4.1 Effect of Tool Rotation on MRR 4.2 Effect of Tool Rotation on Hole Circularity 4.3 Effect of Tool Rotation on ROC 4.4 Effect of Tool Rotation on HAZ 4.5 Effect of Increase in Tool Rotation on Machining Characteristics 5 Conclusions and Future Scope References Biomedical Waste Management and Circular Economy Actions in the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation in Jaipur District, India 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Statistical Analysis 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Atomization Casting of Al–Si Alloys and Their Characterization 1 Introduction 2 Experimental 2.1 Setup 2.2 Microstructure 2.3 Hardness 2.4 Tensile Properties 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Analysing Effects of HVOF Powder Coating on the Tribological Properties of Inconel 800 Under Non-lubricated Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Specimen Preparation Pin and Selection 2.2 Specimen Preparation Plate 2.3 EDAx Test for Specimens 2.4 Powder Selection 2.5 Coating Process Using HVOF 3 Experimentation 3.1 Design of Experiment (DOE) 3.2 Linear Tribology Test 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Specific Wear Rate 5 Conclusion References Use of a Generative Design Approach for UAV Frame Structure Optimization and Additive Manufacturing 1 Introduction 1.1 Digital Flow Work of Additive Manufacturing 1.2 Important Parameters to Be Considered for AM 2 Generative Design 3 Case Study 4 Generative Design Analysis 5 Conclusion References Study on Welding Parameters in TIG Welding of Incoloy-800: An Investigation with Designed Experiments and ARAS Method 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusions References Optimization of Titanium Grade-5 (Ti6Al4V) Alloy on Die Sinking EDM by Using Copper Tungsten Electrode 1 Introduction 2 Literature Analysis 3 Research Methods 4 Result and Discussion 4.1 Work Material (Ti6Al4V) Machined by Copper Tungsten Electrode 5 Conclusion References A Critical Review on Industry 5.0 and Its Medical Applications 1 Introduction 1.1 Need of the Study 1.2 Research Questions 2 Literature Review 3 Application of Industry 5.0 3.1 Industry 5.0 in the Medical Field 3.2 Industry 5.0 in the Hospitality Field 4 The Benefit of Industry 5.0 in the Medical Health Care System 5 Limitations of Industry 5.0 in the Medical Health Care System 6 Conclusion and Future Scope References Systematic Review: Implementation of Product Lifecycle Management in Industries 1 Introduction 1.1 Historical Development of PLM 2 Methodology 2.1 Need and Implementation of PLM 2.2 Generalised Procedure of PLM Implementation 2.3 Results and Discussion for Benefits of PLM 3 Conclusion References Optimal Assembly Sequence Planning with Single-Stage Multiple-Component Feasibility: Industry 4.0 Perspective 1 Introduction 2 Research Methods 2.1 Initial Assembly Sequence Planning 2.2 Sequence Editing for Geometric Feasibility 3 Results and Discussions 4 Conclusion References An Inventory Model for Imperfect Production and Time Sensitive Selling Price 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Assumptions Made for Proposed Model 4 Formulation of Mathematical Model for Proposed Inventory System 5 Procedure for Optimal Result 6 Numerical Example 7 Observations 8 Conclusion References RIM-Based Performance Evaluation of DLC Coating Under Conflicting Environment 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Shannon Entropy Method for Weight Calculation of Each Criterion 3.2 Reference Ideal Method (RIM) 4 Case Studies 5 Result and Discussion 6 Conclusion References COMSOL Simulation to Predict the Thickness of Material Removed from Surface During Electropolishing 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Procedure of EP 3 Modelling of EP Process 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Electrochemical Analysis 4.2 Effect of EP on Elemental Composition 4.3 Effect of EP on Surface Reflectance 4.4 Effect of EP on Surface Roughness 4.5 Thickness of Material Removed During EP 4.6 Numerical Modelling of Material Removal in EP 5 Conclusions References Quality Improvement in Inner Bore Grinding Rejection of Ball Bearing by Using Six-Sigma Methodology 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Define Phase 2.2 Measure Phase 2.3 Analyze Phase 2.4 Improvement Phase 2.5 Control Phase 3 Result and Conclusion Annexure and Supportive Tables Annexure 1 Annexure 2 Annexure 3 Annexure 4 References Achieving Manufacturing Competitiveness Through Six Sigma: A Study on Steel Firms 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation for Performing Six Sigma 1.2 Manufacturing Competitiveness 1.3 Concept of Competitive Priorities 2 Conceptual Framework and Hypothesis Development 3 Building and Validating the Research Tool 4 Methodology 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Sample Demographics 5.2 Testing for Reliability 5.3 Testing for Normality Assumption 5.4 MANOVA Analysis 6 Conclusion References Quality and Efficiency Improvement Through Process FMEA—A Case Study 1 Introduction 1.1 Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Study on Mechanical Characteristics of TiB2, WC, ZrB2 and B4C Reinforced Al 2XXX, 6XXX and 7XXX Series Alloys—A Systematic Review 1 Introduction 2 Reinforcements 2.1 Titanium Diboride (TiB2) 2.2 Tungsten Carbide (WC) 2.3 Zirconium Boride (ZrB2) 2.4 Boron Carbide (B4C) 3 Conclusion References Productivity Improvement by Optimizing the Layout and Cycle Time of an MSME 1 Introduction 2 Research Gaps 3 Methodology 4 Objectives 5 Existing Layout 6 Proposed Changes 7 Proposed Layout 8 Expenditure Comparison 9 Profit Calculations 10 Conclusion References Green Manufacturing in Apparel Industry: Future Trends and Scope 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Research Methods 4 Case Studies 4.1 Eco-friendly Raw Materials 4.2 Circular Design and Production Processes 4.3 Waste Management 5 Findings 6 Challenges and Future Scope References A Critical Review of Fatigue Life Prediction on 316LN SS 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Factors Affecting Mechanical Properties of 316LN SS 3.1 Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate 3.2 Effect of Hold Period 3.3 Effect of Nitrogen Content and Dynamic Strain Aging 3.4 Effect of Temperature on Fatigue Crack Growth 4 Conclusion References Weight-Based Object Segregation Using 5 DOF Robotic Arm 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 Electrical Circuit Analysis 4.1 Robotic Arm Circuit Analysis 4.2 Load Cell Module Circuit Analysis 5 Graphical User Interface Analysis 6 Mechanism of the IoT-Based Robotic Arm with Weight-Based Segregation 7 Simulation Results 8 Result 9 Conclusion References An Experimental Validation of Thermo-Mechanical Analytical Model in Laser Bending Process 1 Introduction 2 Analytical Model 2.1 Estimation of Temperature Distribution 2.2 Estimation of Bending Angle 3 Determination of Temperature Field and Bending Angle by FEM 4 Experimental Study 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Comparison of Analytical Solution with the Existing Literatures 5.2 Comparison of Analytical Solution with Experiment 5.3 Parametric Study Using the Proposed Temperature Model 5.4 Estimation of Strain Energy at Different Laser Bending Process Parameters 6 Conclusions Appendix References Heat Transfer Analysis at Mould-Casting Interface for Improving the Casting Process 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Method 2.1 Numerical Methodology 2.2 Experimental Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Zinc Casting in Mild Steel Mould 3.2 Aluminium Casting in Mild Steel Mould 4 Conclusion References Modeling and Analysis of Wire EDM Process Parameters for AZ-31 Alloy Using Response Surface Methodology 1 Introduction 2 Experimentations 2.1 Response Surface Methodology (RSM) 3 Results and Discussion 4 Future Scope of Research 5 Conclusions References Barriers to Healthcare Waste Management: A QFD Strategy 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 2.1 Healthcare Waste 2.2 HCWM in Various Countries 3 Research Methods 4 Application of Research Methods 5 Results 6 Discussion 7 Conclusions References Interference Fringe-Based Metrology for Industrial Applications 1 Introduction 2 2D Measurements 2.1 Linear Measurements 2.2 Form Analysis 3 3D Measurements 3.1 Phase Shift Interferometer 3.2 White Light Interferometer 4 Digital Fringe Projection 5 Conclusion References Dimensions of Employee Well-Being at Work: A New Analytic Framework 1 Introduction 2 Review of Literature 3 Material and Methods 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion 6 Limitations 7 Managerial Implications References Analysis of Strategies to Tackle the Environmental Impact of the Vaccine Supply Chain: A Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Fuzzy DEMATEL 4 Application of the Proposed Methodology 5 Result and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Implementation of Total Quality Management in Infrastructure Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Need of Total Quality Management 3 Quality Check for the Raw Materials 3.1 Material Yard 3.2 Production Process 4 Quality Check for Galvanizing Unit 4.1 Degreasing 4.2 Pickling Tank 4.3 Galvanizing Unit 4.4 Inspection 5 Implementation of Total Quality Management 5.1 Commitment from the Management 5.2 Employee Empowerment 5.3 Continuous Improvement 5.4 Customer Focus 6 Benefits of Total Quality Management 7 Conclusion References Analysis of Rear Twist Beam Axle to Evaluate Performance Parameters for Passenger Vehicle Through Reverse Engineering 1 Introduction 1.1 Cross Beam 1.2 Trailing Arms 2 Interaction Between Design variables and Axle Properties 2.1 Performance Characteristics 2.2 Evaluation of Cross Beam Profiles 3 Design Process 4 Case Study 4.1 Comparison of Model G Cross Beam with Other Profiles 5 Conclusion References Effect of Tool Pin Features on Mechanical Properties of AA7050-T7 Friction Stir Welded Joints 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methods 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Tensile Properties 3.2 Microhardness 3.3 Fractography 4 Conclusion References Damage Detection Using Recurrent Neural Network in Hybrid Composite Beam 1 Introduction 2 The Basic Form of RNN 3 The Finite Element Technique (ANSYS) 4 Result 5 Conclusion References Analysis of the Tribological Behaviours of the Surfaces of Stainless Steel and Inconel 718 Against Each Other Under Non-lubricated Conditions 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Specimen Preparation 2.1 Disc 2.2 Pins 3 Experimentation 3.1 Selection of Orthogonal Arrays 3.2 Tribological Testing 4 Results 4.1 Coefficient of Friction 4.2 Wear 5 Conclusion References Interactional Challenges to Effective E-Waste Management of Indian City 1 Introduction 2 Source of E-Waste Generations 3 Current E-Waste Scenerio 3.1 Worldwide Scenario 3.2 Scenario in Indian Context 3.3 E-Waste Scenario in Context of Jaipur 4 Problems Associated with E-Waste 4.1 Drastic Increment in E-Waste Collection 4.2 Toxic Components and Health Impacts 4.3 Lack of Recycling Facilities 4.4 Impact on Environment 5 Treatment and Disposal 5.1 Land Filling 5.2 Incineration 5.3 Acid Bath 5.4 Biological Method 6 Administrative Methods 7 Suggestions 8 Conclusions References A Swarm Intelligence and Nearest Neighborhood Approach to Solve an Excess Capacity Vehicle Routing Problem in a FDCG Company 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Result Discussion 4 Conclusion References Advantages and Applications of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composites in Automobiles: A Literature Review 1 Introduction 2 Background of Natural Fibers 3 Methodology for Bibliometric Analysis 4 Literature Review Findings 4.1 Application of Natural Fiber in Automobile 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References Issues and Challenges in Fabrication of Conductive Parts by Additive Manufacturing and Their Applications: A Study 1 Introduction 2 Fabrication of Conductive Parts 2.1 Use of Graphene and CNT as Conductive Additive 2.2 Use of Other Additives to Improve Electrical Conductivity 2.3 Limitations of Using Graphene and CNT 3 Fabrication of Flexible Electrically Conductive Parts Using AM 3.1 Issues in 3D Printing of Flexible Part 4 Application 5 Conclusion References Agglomeration of the Various Industry 4.0 Perspectives in the Supply Chain Performance Systems 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review and Background 2.1 Outline of Industry 4.0 2.2 Impact of Industry 4.0 on Supply Chains 3 Problem Formulation 4 Research Methodology 4.1 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) 4.2 Executions of AHP 5 Numerical Illustrations 6 Result and Discussion 7 Conclusion References Exploration of Circular Economy Enablers Using Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Problem Formulation 4 Research Methodology 4.1 DEMATEL Method 4.2 Fuzzy Set Theory and Triangular Fuzzy Numbers 4.3 Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach 5 Numerical Illustration 6 Results and Discussion 7 Conclusion References Multi-criteria Assembly Line Design and Configuration Using Heuristics—An Automotive Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Classification of ALBP (Assembly Line Balancing Problems) 3.1 SALBP (Simple Assembly Line Balancing Problem) 3.2 GALBP (General Assembly Line Balancing Problem) 4 Research Methods 4.1 Heuristic Methods 5 Terms in Line Balancing Technique 6 Case Study 6.1 Root Cause Analysis 7 Assembly Line Balancing 7.1 KWM Assembly Line Balancing 7.2 RPW Technique Assembly Line Balancing 8 Results and Discussion 9 Conclusion References A Postural Risk Assessment of Manual Dairy Farm Workers Using REBA Technique 1 Introduction 2 Research Background 3 Research Methods 3.1 Work Details 3.2 Data Collection 4 Case Study 4.1 Application of Research Methods 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Feasibility Investigations on the Development of Hybrid Pellet-Based Extruder with Fused Filament Fabrication 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Pilot Experimentation 2.2 Fabricated Parts 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Pilot Experiments 3.2 Fabricated Parts 4 Issues and Challenges 5 Conclusion References Investigations on the Effect of Nanoclay Reinforced ABS/Nylon-Blended Copolymer Filament for Extrusion-Based 3D Printing 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Filament Characterisation 4 Conclusion References