Advances in Environmental Geotechnics : Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geoenvironmental Engineering in Hangzhou, China, September 810, 2009 00

"Advances in Environmental Geotechnics" presents the latest developments in this interdisciplinary field. The topics covered include basic and advanced theories for modeling of geoenvironmental phenomena, testing and monitoring for geoenvironmental engineering, municipal solid wastes and landfill engineering, sludge and dredged soils, geotechnical reuse of industrial wastes, contaminated land and remediation technology, applications of geosynthetics in geoenvironmental engineering, geoenvironmental risk assessment, management and sustainability, ecological techniques and case histories. This proceedings includes papers authored by core members of ISSMGE TC5 (International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering---Environmental Geotechnics) and geoenvironmental researchers from more than 20 countries and regions. It is a valuable reference for geoenvironmental and geotechnical engineers as well as civil engineers. Yunmin Chen, Xiaowu Tang, and Liangtong Zhan are Professors at the Department of Civil Engineering of Zhejiang University, China. Cover......Page 1 Advances in Environmental Geotechnics......Page 3 ISBN 9783642044595......Page 4 Preface......Page 6 International Advisory Committee......Page 7 Organizing Committee......Page 8 Table of contents......Page 9 The 2009 Zeng Guo-Xi Lecture......Page 18 INTRODUCTION......Page 20 THE ROLE OF THE LANDFILL COVER......Page 21 LANDFILL OPERATIONS AND CONSEQUENT EFFECTS ON LEACHATE CHARACTERISTICS AND LINER TEMPERATURE......Page 22 LEACHATE COLLECTION AND CONTROL OF HEAD ON THE LINER......Page 23 SIGNIFICANCE OF WRINKLES IN A GEOMEMBRANE......Page 25 IMPLICATIONS OF LINER TEMPERATURE ON CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT (LEAKAGE AND DIFFUSION)......Page 26 GEOMEMBRANE PROTECTION......Page 28 LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF GEO-MEMBRANELINERS......Page 29 LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS......Page 31 CONCLUSIONS......Page 32 REFERENCES......Page 33 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE MATERIALS......Page 36 SOLID WASTE CHARACTERIZATION......Page 37 STATIC AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF BARRIERS......Page 44 ANALYSIS OF SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS STABILITY DURING EARTHQUAKES......Page 50 Introduction......Page 52 Site effects......Page 54 Attenuation relations......Page 55 Seismic response analysis......Page 57 QUALITY ASSURANCE......Page 62 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING......Page 63 RISK ANALYSIS......Page 65 REFERENCES......Page 66 Invited Lectures......Page 72 BASIC ASPECTS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS OF THEORETICAL MODELING......Page 74 GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS......Page 77 ELECTROKINETIC REMEDIATION......Page 85 Reactions terms......Page 89 Non linearity of the water flow......Page 90 Saturation / desaturation effects......Page 91 ENHANCED CONTAMINANT EXTRACTION BY HIGH VACUUM......Page 92 OLD LANDFILL EXPANSION IN THE VERTICAL DIRECTION......Page 97 REFERENCES......Page 103 INTRODUCTION......Page 107 CHECK FOR STABILITY AND CONVERGENCE......Page 108 EFFECT OF αD, n AND β ON BREAK THROUGH CURVES......Page 109 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 110 Gradient based techniques......Page 112 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 113 REFERENCES......Page 114 INTRODUCTION......Page 116 THE BASIC CONCEPT OF THE VECTOR SUM METHOD TO CALCULATE THE SAFETY FACTOR OF STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING FOR SLOPE AND DAM FOUNDATION PROBLEBS......Page 117 CALCULATING THE SAFETY FACTOR AGAINST SLIDING FOR SLOPE AND DAM FOUNDATION PROBLEMS BY MEANS OF VSM IN 2-D CASES......Page 118 THE SLOPE STANDARD EXAMINATIONS BY MEANS OF THE VECTOR SUM METHOD......Page 119 DISCUSSION ON THE VECTOR SUM ANALYSIS METHOD......Page 120 ANALYSIS OF STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING BY VECTOR SUM METHOD FOR 3-D PROBLEMS......Page 122 3-D EXAMPLES AND COMPARISON WITH RESULTS BY DIFFERENT METHODS......Page 123 REFERENCES......Page 126 INTRODUCTION......Page 128 AMD GENERATION......Page 129 MAIN AMD CONTROL METHODS......Page 130 Cover with capillary barrier effects......Page 131 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OPERATING AND ABANDONED MINE SITES......Page 132 THE LORRAINE CASE STUDY......Page 133 Lorraine CCBE and Dolomitic Drains......Page 134 Volumetric water content and oxygen flux......Page 135 Water quality......Page 136 GOVERNMENTAL ACTIONS TO REHABILITATE CANADIAN ABANDONED MINE SITES......Page 137 REFERENCES......Page 138 Ariake Clay......Page 143 Batch Contact Test......Page 144 Column Percolation Test......Page 145 REFERENCES......Page 147 INTRODUCTION......Page 149 WASTE COMPOSITION AND SOLID-LIQUID- GAS INTERACTIONS IN MSW LANDFILLS......Page 150 Solid-Liquid-Gas Interactions in MSW Landfills......Page 151 Water Retention Characteristic of MSW......Page 152 Hydraulic Conductivity of MSW......Page 153 Water Balance in Landfills and Management of Water/ Leachate......Page 154 Control of Leachate Head......Page 155 Gas Generation Rate......Page 156 Gas Permeability of MSW......Page 157 Control of Landfill Gas......Page 158 SETTLEMENT OF MSW LANDFILL AND ITS IMPACT......Page 159 Primary and Secondary Compression of MSW......Page 160 Shear Strength Characteristic of MSW......Page 163 Slide of Waste Mass Along Weak Liners......Page 164 SUMMARY......Page 165 REFERENCES......Page 166 TDR MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND THE THEORY OF TRANSMISSION LINES......Page 170 MEASURING THE APPARENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT......Page 171 Measure Ka by Surface Reflection Coefficient......Page 172 MEASURING THE ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY EC......Page 173 THE APPLICATION OF TDR......Page 174 Control The Effect Of The Treated Soils......Page 176 Monitor the Ionic Contaminant......Page 177 REFERENCES......Page 178 THE GENERAL SITUATION OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE SANITARY LANDFILL......Page 180 TECHNICAL STANDARDS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS IN CHINA......Page 181 THE SCOPE OF APPLICATION FOR EXISTING SANITARY LANDFILL STANDARDS......Page 182 REFERENCES......Page 184 INTRODUCTION......Page 185 CLIMATE CONTEXT FOR COVER SYSTEMS......Page 186 BASIC FUNCTIONALITY OF A COVER SYSTEM......Page 188 FRAMEWORK FOR COVER DESIGN AS A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM......Page 189 The Physics of Saturated-Unsaturated Water Flow for the REV......Page 190 Precipitation (rainfall and snowfall)......Page 192 Runoff......Page 193 Potential evaporative flux......Page 195 Actual evaporative flux......Page 197 Evapo-transpiration flux......Page 198 NUMERICAL MODELLING OF COVERS......Page 199 Initial Conditions......Page 200 Convergence Difficulties......Page 201 UNIQUENESS OF COVER DESIGN PROCEDURES......Page 202 REFERENCES......Page 203 INTRODUCTION......Page 205 LANDFILL CLOSURE AND AFTERCARE......Page 206 CRITERIA FOR RELEASE FROM AFTERCARE......Page 207 Quantitative Criteria for Leachate Quality......Page 208 Criteria for Properties of the Deposited, Degraded Waste......Page 209 CONCEPTS FOR THE AFTERCARE PHASE......Page 210 Landfill Gas Collection System......Page 211 Gas Collection System during Aftercare Phase......Page 213 Leachate Reinfiltration Technology......Page 214 COVER SYSTEMS......Page 215 Mixed-Grained Mineral Liners......Page 216 Geosynthetic Clay Liners......Page 217 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 218 REFERENCES......Page 219 INTRODUCTION......Page 221 Electrokinetic Phenomena......Page 222 Tailings Lagoons......Page 223 Laboratory testing......Page 224 Mineral sludges......Page 225 Mineral-based sludge lagoon......Page 226 Full-scale trial using EKG to dewater sewage sludge in situ......Page 227 Laboratory Testing......Page 228 Mineral sludge......Page 229 Organic–Sewage sludge trial UK......Page 230 Mineral–Diamond Mine Tailings SA......Page 231 Windrows......Page 232 REFERENCES......Page 233 INTRODUCTION......Page 234 Leachate treatment by plant-soil irrigation......Page 235 FULL-SCALE PRACTICE......Page 236 REFERENCE......Page 237 NAPL Transport Behavior......Page 238 Multiphase Flow in Porous Media......Page 239 Physical Modeling of LNAPL Transport......Page 240 SVE/AS Remediation Technology......Page 241 Theoretical Analysis for SVE/AS Remediation Technique......Page 242 Numerical Simulation of LNAPL Transport Behavior......Page 243 Centrifugal Testing Procedure......Page 245 Centrifugal Test Results for Stationary Groundwater......Page 246 Centrifugal Test Results for SVE Process......Page 247 Air Flow during AS Process......Page 248 REFERENCES......Page 250 INTRODUCTION......Page 253 A Riskier Society?......Page 254 SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPTS......Page 255 Sustainability Assessment......Page 256 Impact of Sustainability on Remediation......Page 257 REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES......Page 258 Permeable Reactive Barriers (prbs)......Page 259 INNOVATION IN CONTAMINATED LAND MANAGEMENT......Page 261 FUTURE CONTAMINATION......Page 262 REFERENCES......Page 263 INTRODUCTION......Page 265 JAPANESE STATUS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED SITES......Page 266 Chemical Compatibility of Bentonitic Barrier......Page 268 Experimental Methods......Page 269 Effect of Bentonite Additive Content......Page 270 Modified Rigid-wall Permeameter......Page 271 Experimental Results and Discussions......Page 272 REFERENCES......Page 274 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT......Page 276 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF CONTAMINATED SOILS......Page 277 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF CEMENT TREATED CONTAMINATED SOILS......Page 279 REFERENCE......Page 280 LANDFILL PHILOSPOPHY, PRACTICE AND PROCESSES......Page 282 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY......Page 283 LANDFILL: FUTURE CHALLENGES......Page 286 REFERENCES......Page 290 COMPOSITE LINER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE......Page 292 Liner Interface Strength Testing......Page 293 Waste Properties......Page 294 Numerical Analysis......Page 295 Long-term performance......Page 296 Transmissivity testing......Page 297 FINAL COVER DESIGN......Page 298 Case A......Page 299 Case B......Page 300 REFERENCES......Page 301 INTRODUCTION......Page 303 Effect of fabric length on shear strength......Page 304 Effect of fabric content on shear strength......Page 306 INTERFACE SHEAR STRENGTH OF COMPOSITE LINER BY DIRECT SHEAR BOX TEST......Page 309 LANDFILL STABILITY ANALYSES......Page 310 REFERENCES......Page 311 INTRODUCTION......Page 312 Principles of Contaminant Transport in Clay......Page 313 Principle of Centrifuge Modeling and Scaling Law......Page 314 Modeling Approaches......Page 315 Model Implementations and Test Setup......Page 316 Lateral Loading of Model Pile......Page 318 Modeling Advective-Diffusive Transport......Page 319 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 320 Pile Responses in Vertical and Lateral Loadings......Page 321 Contaminant Migration and Leakage Assessment at Pile Free Area......Page 323 Contaminant Migration and Leakage Assessment Due to Pile Driving......Page 325 RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 329 REFERENCES......Page 330 CHARACTERISTICS OF LOESS SOIL......Page 331 ADSORPTION KINETICS......Page 332 EFFECT OF LOESS DOSAGE......Page 333 EFFECT OF PH......Page 334 CONCLUSIONS......Page 335 REFERENCES......Page 336 THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL MODEL......Page 337 FREEZE/THAW BEHAVIOR......Page 338 HIGH TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR......Page 339 VAPOR MIGRATION......Page 340 CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR......Page 341 HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING......Page 342 REFERENCES......Page 343 INTRODUCTION......Page 345 Excavation and Off-site Disposal......Page 346 In-situ Natural Attenuation......Page 347 Vertical containment barriers......Page 348 Bottom containment barriers......Page 349 Surface containment barriers......Page 350 Stabilization and Solidification......Page 351 Pump-and-Treat......Page 353 Soil Flushing......Page 354 Reactive Zone Remediation......Page 355 Permeable Reactive Barriers......Page 356 Transformation by abiotic and biotic processes......Page 357 Sorption or ion exchange......Page 358 Phytoremediation......Page 361 Air Sparging / Soil Vapor Extraction......Page 363 Electrochemical Remediation......Page 364 Generation of in-situ reactive iron-rich barriers......Page 366 Ek-Phytoremediation process......Page 367 Thermal Treatment......Page 368 PERFORMANCE MONITORING......Page 369 SELECTION OF REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES......Page 370 REFERENCES......Page 371 INTRODUCTION......Page 387 Compaction Characteristics......Page 388 Swelling Properties......Page 389 Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties......Page 390 Unsaturated hydraulic properties under confined condition......Page 391 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY......Page 392 Microstructure of GMZ01 Bentonite under Unconfined Conditions......Page 393 VOLUME CHANGE BEHAVIOR......Page 394 REFERENCES......Page 395 MECHANISM OF LEACHATE TRANSPORT THROUGH LANFILL BARRIERS AND CRITICAL DESIGH POINTS......Page 397 INVESTIGATION OF LEACHATE TRANSPORT AT THE SUZHOU LANDFILL......Page 399 Soil Sampling and Laboratory Analyses......Page 401 Preliminary Results......Page 402 Types of Basal Liners......Page 403 Mechanism of Leachate Transport through Composite Liners......Page 404 A Review on Performance of Composite Liners for MSW Landfills......Page 405 Preliminary Study on Performance of Basal Liners Subjected to a High Leachate Head......Page 406 ALTERNATIVE EARTHEN FINAL COVERS......Page 408 SUMMARY......Page 409 REFERENCES......Page 410 INTRODUCTION......Page 412 Tested Soils......Page 413 SOIL WATER COMPOSITION FOR CEMENT TREATEDDM......Page 414 Cement Content and Curing Period......Page 415 Humic Acid Content......Page 417 ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS......Page 419 REFERENCES......Page 420 Basic and Advanced Theories for Modeling of Geoenvironmental Phenomena......Page 422 INTRODUCTION......Page 424 Governing Equations for Electro-osmosis Process......Page 425 RESULTS OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION......Page 426 Excess Pore Water Pressure Distribution at Equilibrium......Page 427 REFERENCES......Page 428 INTRODUCTION......Page 430 DEFINE THE METHOD OF STRESS DROP BY PLASTIC POTENTIAL THEORY......Page 431 Experimental System......Page 432 Coefficent of Stress Drop Tests of Red Sandstone......Page 433 Coefficent of Stress Drop Tests of Granite......Page 434 CONCLUSIONS......Page 435 REFERENCE......Page 436 Old Landfill......Page 437 SITE INVESTIGATION......Page 438 FLAC 3D Modelling......Page 439 QUAKE/W Modelling......Page 440 CONCLUSIONS......Page 441 REFERENCES......Page 442 INTRODUCTION......Page 443 FUNDAMENTAL EQUATION OF MOTION......Page 444 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 445 REFERENCES......Page 446 INTRODUCTION......Page 447 DERIVATION OF NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS......Page 448 ANALYSIS......Page 449 CONCLUSIONS......Page 450 REFERENCES......Page 451 INTRODUCTION......Page 452 STUDY METHOD......Page 453 DISCUSSION......Page 454 RESULTS......Page 457 CONCLUSIONS......Page 458 REFERENCES......Page 459 INTRODUCTION......Page 460 DATA COLLECTION AND NORMALIZATION......Page 461 CLUSTERING ANALYSIS OF SEISMIC SETTLEMENT LIQUEFACTION SAMPLE BY SOM......Page 462 REFERENCES......Page 464 GREY PREDICTION MODEL......Page 466 Support Vector Machines......Page 467 Land Subsidence Prediction......Page 468 CONCLUSIONS......Page 470 REFERENCES......Page 471 INTRODUCTION......Page 472 Governing Equations......Page 473 SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISCRETIZATIONS......Page 474 EXAMPLE OF SIMULATION......Page 475 REFERENCES......Page 477 Constitutive Relation......Page 479 Simultaneous Equation......Page 480 Model Verification......Page 481 REFERENCES......Page 482 INTRODUCTION......Page 484 GOVERINING EQUATIONS AND GENERAL SOLUTION......Page 485 FUNDAMENTAL SOLUTIONS FOR POINT LOADING......Page 486 NUMERICAL COMPUTATION AND ANALYSIS......Page 487 CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION......Page 488 REFERENCES......Page 489 INTRODUCTION......Page 490 FLOOD DISCHARGE ATOMIZATION INTENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION SCOPE FORECAST......Page 491 Seepage Mathematical Model......Page 493 Analysis of Computer Result......Page 494 REFERENCES......Page 495 Geometrical Parameters of Experimental Model......Page 497 Parameters of Experimental Material......Page 498 Parametric Affection Analysis......Page 499 Fitting Constitutive Relation Ships......Page 500 CALCULATING ANALYSIS......Page 501 CONCLUSIONS......Page 502 REFERENCES......Page 503 Test Scheme......Page 504 The Relationship Between ω and' '/mi m......Page 505 The Determination of Model Parameters......Page 506 REFERENCES......Page 507 INTRODUCTION......Page 509 IDENTIFICATION OF DAMPING RATIOS......Page 510 APPLICATION......Page 511 CONCLUSIONS......Page 512 REFERENCES......Page 513 Testing and Monitoring for Geoenvironmental Engineering......Page 514 LABORATORY FLUME TESTS......Page 516 Formation and Evolution of Sliding Interface......Page 517 Pore Water Responses......Page 518 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 520 REFERENCES......Page 521 INTRODUCTION......Page 522 Soil Specimen......Page 523 Testing Procedure......Page 524 Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soil......Page 525 REFERENCES......Page 526 INTRODUCTION......Page 528 RESULT AND DISCUSSION......Page 529 REFERENCES......Page 531 INTRODUCTION......Page 532 Column Experiment......Page 533 Batch Studies......Page 534 Column Experiments......Page 535 Arsenic Adsorption Capacity......Page 536 REFERENCES......Page 537 INTRODUCTION......Page 538 Experimental Design......Page 539 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 540 REFERENCES......Page 541 SOILS CHARACTERISTICS......Page 542 COMPATIBILITY TESTS: RESULTS......Page 544 REFERENCES......Page 546 INTRODUCTION......Page 548 TDR Travel Time Analysis......Page 549 TDR SSC Calibration, Temperature Correction, and Measurements......Page 550 Effect of Water Salinity......Page 551 Effect of Soil Type and Particle Size......Page 552 REFERENCES......Page 553 LNRSM in Lab......Page 554 Extraction of Saturated Soft Soil Microstructure Feature Values......Page 555 RELATIONS BETWEEN GRAIN FRACTAL DIMENSION AND POROSITY......Page 556 RELATIONS BETWEEN COHESION AND MICROSTRUCTURE FEATURE VALUES......Page 557 REFERENCES......Page 558 INTRODUCTION......Page 560 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD......Page 561 General Features of TMA-Modified Organobentonites......Page 562 Effects of Organic Cation Loading......Page 563 SUMMARY......Page 564 REFERENCES......Page 565 SITE DESCRIPTION AND MONITORING PROGRAM......Page 566 MONITORING RESULT AND DISCUSSION......Page 567 REFERENCES......Page 569 Municipal Solid Wastes and Landfill Engineering......Page 570 INTRODUCTION......Page 572 Test Procedure......Page 573 Deformation Profile and Strain Variation......Page 574 Computation of Water Breakthrough......Page 575 INFLUENCE OF THICKNESS OF SOIL BARRIER......Page 576 REFERENCES......Page 577 INTRODUCTION......Page 578 NON-LINEAR NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SHAKING TABLE TESTS......Page 579 SEISMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE LANDFILLS......Page 580 Permanent Displacement of Base Liner and Cover......Page 581 REFERENCES......Page 583 Samples Collection......Page 584 pH value......Page 585 Analysis and Discussion of Evaluation Results......Page 586 REFERENCES......Page 587 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM......Page 588 SITE SPECIFIC UNDERGROUND CONDITIONS......Page 589 Recent (QIII+IV) Alluvial Sediments......Page 590 TECTONICS AND SEISMICITY......Page 591 RESULTS......Page 592 CONCLUSIONS......Page 593 REFERENCES......Page 594 Site Description......Page 595 Ambient Noise Method......Page 596 Spectral Ratio on Loess......Page 597 REFERENCES......Page 599 Net Infiltration......Page 601 Parameters......Page 602 Thickness of Vegetative Cover......Page 603 Monolithic and Capillary Barriers......Page 604 CONCLUSIONS......Page 605 REFERENCES......Page 606 Unit Weight of MSW......Page 607 Shear Strength of MSW......Page 608 In-Situ Tests of MSW......Page 609 Shear Strength and Deformation Properties of MSW......Page 610 3D Slope Stability Analysis......Page 611 REFERENCES......Page 612 INTRODUCTION......Page 613 MSW Volumetric-Gravimetric Relationship......Page 614 Waste Composition......Page 615 Waste Permeability and Void Ratio......Page 616 REFERENCES......Page 617 Determination of Parameters c and φ......Page 619 Determination of Parameters K and n......Page 620 Determination of Parameters K and n .......Page 621 Determination of Parameters G and F......Page 622 REFERENCES......Page 623 Introduction of Combination Failure Analysis Model......Page 624 Search of the Most Dangerous Failure Surface......Page 626 The Influence of Shear Properties Between Liners and Friction Angle Between Dam and Base......Page 627 The Influence of Geometric Characteristics of Landfill......Page 628 The Summary of the Sensitivity Analysis......Page 629 REFERENCES......Page 630 Bentonite Mixed Soil (BMS)......Page 632 Procedure......Page 633 Occurrence of Cracks......Page 634 Distribution of Calculated Shear Strain......Page 635 REFERENCE......Page 636 LINERS AND COVERS......Page 637 STABILITY OF COVER SYSTEMS......Page 638 Stability Along Textured Geomembrane – Geotextile Interface with Geogrid Reinforcement above the Geotextile......Page 639 CONCLUSIONS......Page 640 REFERENCES......Page 641 Test Samples......Page 642 Effect of the Amount of Pouring Difference......Page 643 Effect of the Difference of Poring Height......Page 644 REFERENCES......Page 645 Experimental Device and Method......Page 646 Experimental Shame and Method......Page 647 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND ANALYSES......Page 648 REFERENCES......Page 649 MATHEMATIC MODEL......Page 650 MODEL APPLICATION......Page 651 REFERENCES......Page 653 Software’s Function Module......Page 654 Settlement Calculation Method......Page 655 REFERENCES......Page 657 INTRODUCTION......Page 658 Rainfall Patterns and Soil Properties......Page 659 The Influence of Rainfall Pattern on Infiltration Process......Page 660 REFERENCES......Page 661 Massive Construction Waste Created......Page 663 Facilities Damage Comparison......Page 664 REFERENCES......Page 665 BACKGROUND......Page 666 Investigation on Hydro-geological Conditions of the Landfill......Page 667 Layout of Experimental Areas......Page 668 Infiltration Capacity of Waste in Experiment......Page 669 Influence of Water Head on Long-Term Recirculation Volume of 1# Open Pit......Page 670 REFERENCES......Page 671 Sludge and Dredging Soils......Page 672 SHREDDED PAPER......Page 674 TEST PROCEDURES......Page 675 Soil Improvement by Mixing with Shredded Paper......Page 676 Soil Stabilization by Mixing with Stabilizers and Shredded Paper......Page 677 REFERENCES......Page 678 INTRODUCTION......Page 679 Electroosmotic Flow Rate......Page 680 Water Removal Effect......Page 681 REFERENCES......Page 682 INTRODUCTION......Page 683 INFLUENCE OF FILTER CAKE IN SLUG TEST......Page 684 MODIFIED LINE-FITTING METHOD IN SLUG TEST ANALYSIS WITH CONSIDERATION OF FILTER CAKE......Page 686 CONCLUSION......Page 687 REFERENCES......Page 688 Test method......Page 689 The Permeability Property......Page 690 REFERENCES......Page 691 INTRODUCTION......Page 692 Model Analysis and Input Parameters......Page 693 Comparison with Field Test and Numerical Analyses......Page 694 Amount of Soil Settlement and Lateral Flow......Page 696 Presumption of the Ground Behavior by Amount of Settlement and Lateral Displacement......Page 697 CONCLUSIONS......Page 698 REFERENCES......Page 699 COMPUTATION MODEL......Page 700 MATERIAL PROPERTY AND PARAMETER......Page 701 REFERENCES......Page 702 Sample Preparation and Test Method......Page 704 Influence of Chemical Solidification on Compressibility of Dredged Sediments......Page 705 REFERENCES......Page 706 INTRODUCTION......Page 707 IMPROVING SLUDGE......Page 708 REFERENCES......Page 710 INTRODUCTION......Page 711 REFERENCE......Page 713 DYNAMICAL NONLINEAR METHOD OF DAM UNDER EARTHQUAKE......Page 714 GRID SUBDIVISION OF FINITE ELEMENT......Page 715 RESULTS OF DYNAMICAL ANALYSIS......Page 716 PREFERENCES......Page 718 Geotechnical Reuse of Industrial Wastes......Page 720 INTRODUCTION......Page 722 TEST RESULTS AND ANALYSIS......Page 723 REFERENCES......Page 726 Items and Methods......Page 728 Compaction Test......Page 729 Compression Test......Page 730 REFERENCES......Page 731 NTRODUCTION......Page 732 EFFECTIVE COAL ASH UTILIZATION AND CHARACTERISTICS......Page 733 MIX DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF COAL ASH PAVING BLOCK......Page 734 EFFECT COAL ASH ON STABILIZATION OF SUBGRADE......Page 735 CONCLUSIONS......Page 736 REFERENCES......Page 737 INTRODUCTION......Page 738 Test Program......Page 739 Direct Shear Test......Page 740 Triaxial Shear Test......Page 742 REFERENCES......Page 743 BACKGROUND......Page 745 Water Content Change Test......Page 746 Heavy Compaction Test......Page 748 IMPLYCATION TO PRACTICE......Page 749 REFERENCES......Page 750 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ASH MOLTEN SLAG......Page 751 CHEMICAL SAFETY OF ASH MOLTEN SLAG......Page 752 Calculation of Critical Bentonite Addition......Page 753 Unconfined Compression Strength......Page 754 Coefficient of Permeability......Page 755 REFERENCES......Page 756 SOIL PROPERTIES......Page 757 EXPERIMENTAL TARGETS......Page 758 PERFORMANCE OF THE IMPERMEABLE MATERIAL......Page 759 VALUATION OF DURABILITY HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION......Page 760 REFERENCES......Page 761 Test Conditions......Page 762 Test Results......Page 763 REFERENCES......Page 765 Characterization......Page 766 Adsorption Isotherms at Different Temperatures......Page 767 Effect of pH......Page 768 REFERENCES......Page 769 Contaminated Land and Remediation Technology......Page 770 AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC FERMENTATIONS......Page 772 Samples and Test Method......Page 773 Effect on aerobic and anaerobic fermentations......Page 774 CONCLUSIONS......Page 775 REFERENCES......Page 776 INTRODUCTION......Page 777 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR S/S PERFORMANCE......Page 778 STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF S/S TREATED HMCSS......Page 779 LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF S/S TREATED HMCSS......Page 780 REFERENCES......Page 781 INTRODUCTION......Page 784 Grain Size Analysis......Page 785 Atterberg Limits......Page 786 Direct Shear Tests......Page 787 REFERENCES......Page 788 Chemicals......Page 789 Mixture of ToX (150 mg/L) and TCE (0-30 mg/L)......Page 790 Mixture of ToX (350 mg/L) and TCE (0-30 mg/L)......Page 791 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 792 REFERENCES......Page 793 Decaying Transport Function......Page 794 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 795 REFERENCES......Page 797 Red Clay......Page 798 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)......Page 799 Zeta Potential......Page 800 REFERENCES......Page 801 INTRODUCTION......Page 803 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 804 REFERENCES......Page 806 Soil......Page 807 Electrokinetic extractio......Page 808 Batch desorption Tests of Cadmium with EDTA......Page 809 Electrokinetic extractio......Page 810 REFERENCES......Page 812 Applications of Geosynthetics in Geoenvironmental Engineering......Page 814 INTRODUCTION......Page 816 ARRANGEMENT SCHEME OF MEASURING POINTS......Page 817 Characteristics of Lateral Earth Pressure......Page 818 CONCLUSIONS......Page 820 REFERENCES......Page 821 Test Results and Analysis......Page 822 Test Results and Analysis......Page 823 Results and Analysis......Page 825 REFERENCES......Page 828 Test Device......Page 829 Clamping System......Page 830 TEST RESULTS AND ANALYSIS......Page 831 REFERENCES......Page 833 POME TREATMENT SYSTEM......Page 834 BIOGAS......Page 835 GEOMEMBRANE......Page 836 Seaming......Page 837 REFERENCES......Page 838 Test Device......Page 839 Test Procedure......Page 840 Shear Behavior of Sand/Geosynthetic Interface......Page 841 Peak Shear Strength of Soils and Sand/Geosynthetic Interfaces......Page 842 CONCLUSIONS......Page 843 REFERENCES......Page 844 GEOMEMBRANE FLOATING COVER: AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION......Page 845 Animal Waste Lagoon in Thailand......Page 846 DEPLOYMENT AND FIELD QUALITY ASSURANCE......Page 848 DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 849 REFERENCES......Page 850 Soil and reinforcements......Page 851 Soil, Reinforcements and Interface......Page 852 Tensile Forces in the Reinforcements......Page 853 The Principle of Displacements Method......Page 854 CONCLUSIONS......Page 855 REFERENCES......Page 856 INTRODUCTION......Page 857 Test Procedure......Page 858 GM Deflections and Strains......Page 859 COMPARISONS......Page 860 CONCLUSIONS......Page 861 REFERENCES......Page 862 Reinforced Concrete Base Board and Transmission Board......Page 863 PROCEDURE FOR GT/GM SINGLE-INTERFACE TEST......Page 864 Results during the Sliding Process......Page 865 REFERENCES......Page 866 Geoenvironmental Risk Assessment, Management and Sustainability......Page 868 INTRODUCTION......Page 870 Variation of Urban Night Soil Transportation......Page 871 Urban Night Soil Non-hazardous Treatment......Page 872 Model of Night Soil Transportation and Treatment in China......Page 873 Problem of Urban Night Soil System......Page 874 REFERENCES......Page 875 Analysis of characteristics of river......Page 876 Reflection analysis......Page 877 Classification with Drainage Basin Super-Entropy......Page 878 The Trunk of Qingyi River......Page 879 CONCLUSIONS......Page 880 REFERENCES......Page 881 HAZARDS INVESTIGATION IN RESEARCH AREA......Page 882 The Structural Type of Traditional Adobe-Wood Building......Page 884 Seismic Loads......Page 885 Dynamic characteristics of traditional adobe-wood building......Page 886 CONCLUSIONS......Page 887 REFERENCES......Page 888 STUDY METHOD......Page 889 Ground Response Analysis......Page 890 Effect of Impedance Ratio on Amplification Factor......Page 893 CONCLUSIONS......Page 894 REFERENCES......Page 895 INTRODUCTION......Page 896 INFORMATION NEEDS POST- CRISIS......Page 897 DISCUSSION......Page 898 REFERENCES......Page 899 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE MAOPINGXI ROCK-FILL DAM......Page 900 STANDARD TO JUDGE HYDROFRACTURE FAILURE......Page 901 Calculation Principle and Method......Page 902 Calculation Parameters......Page 903 Stress at Asphalt Concrete Core Wall......Page 904 REFERENCES......Page 906 THE CASE OF OHRID LAKE......Page 907 THE CAUSES OF THE MISS BALANCE OF THE GEOENVIRONMENT......Page 908 REFERENCES......Page 909 The Basic Principles and Methods of Extension Model......Page 910 The determination of statistics unit in hazard zoning......Page 911 Evaluation model......Page 912 Dump hazard zoning results......Page 913 REFERENCES......Page 914 Ecological Techniques and Case Histories......Page 916 BACKGROUND......Page 918 Basic Hydrological Information......Page 919 Revetment......Page 920 Heron Habitat......Page 921 CONCLUSION......Page 922 REFERENCES......Page 923 Hydrological Geology......Page 924 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SATURATED CLAY FOUNDATION......Page 925 Microcospic Judgment of Liquefaction Potential......Page 926 REFERENCES......Page 927 GEOALOGY OF THE AREA......Page 928 GORGAN FAULT......Page 929 GEOTECHNICAL FEATURES......Page 930 REFERENCES......Page 931 MATERIAL OF GABION......Page 932 Retaining Structures......Page 933 Culverts......Page 934 Marinas......Page 935 REFERENCES......Page 936 FAILURE MODES ASSUMED......Page 937 Characteristics of Slip Circle Analysis......Page 938 Effect of column strength......Page 939 Effect of improvement area ratio......Page 940 REFERENCES......Page 942 INTRODUCTION......Page 943 Results of Scheme-1......Page 944 Resuls of Scheme-2......Page 945 REFERENCES......Page 946 PROPERTIES OF SITANG EXPANSIVE SOIL (ROCK)......Page 947 ORIGINAL AND MODIFIED DESIGNS FOR SITANG INTERCHAN

Advances in Environmental Geotechnics presents the latest developments in this interdisciplinary field. The topics covered include basic and advanced theories for modeling of geoenvironmental phenomena, testing and monitoring for geoenvironmental engineering, municipal solid wastes and landfill engineering, sludge and dredged soils, geotechnical reuse of industrial wastes, contaminated land and remediation technology, applications of geosynthetics in geoenvironmental engineering, geoenvironmental risk assessment, management and sustainability, ecological techniques and case histories. This proceedings includes papers authored by core members of ISSMGE TC5 (International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering--Environmental Geotechnics) and geoenvironmental researchers from more than 20 countries and regions. It is a valuable reference for geoenvironmental and geotechnical engineers as well as civil engineers.

Yunmin Chen, Xiaowu Tang, and Liangtong Zhan are Professors at the Department of Civil Engineering of Zhejiang University, China.