Advances in End-Stage Renal Diseases 2001: International Conference on Dialysis Iii, Miami Beach, Fla., January 2001

Contents......Page 4 Preface......Page 6 Arterial Functions......Page 8 Arterial Remodeling and Function in ESRD......Page 9 Acknowledgments......Page 10 References......Page 11 Traditional Risk Factors Are Inadequate as Predictors of Cardiovascular Mortality in Dialysis Patients......Page 12 Are There Two Types of Malnutrition in Dialysis Patients?......Page 13 Inflammation Is a Common Feature of Chronic Renal Failure......Page 15 Does Chronic Inflammation Cause Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease?......Page 16 Inflammation and Insulin Resistance......Page 17 Acknowledgements......Page 18 References......Page 19 Background Considerations......Page 21 Evidence of Differences in Outcomes......Page 22 Nonactionable Factors and Patients' Outcomes......Page 23 Outcomes and Processes of Clinical Care......Page 24 References......Page 25 Why Do We Aim for Subnormal Hematocrit Levels?......Page 26 Normalization of Hemoglobin in Dialysis Patients......Page 27 Why Should Hemoglobin Not Be Normalized in Dialysis Patients?......Page 30 Normalization of Hemoglobin in Pre-ESRD Patients......Page 34 References......Page 35 Introduction......Page 37 Cardiovascular Function......Page 38 Physical Activity......Page 40 Conclusions......Page 41 References......Page 42 Early Initiation......Page 44 Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis for Incremental Dialysis?......Page 45 Conclusions......Page 46 References......Page 47 Patient Outcome Issues......Page 48 Residual Renal Function Issues......Page 49 Issues Related to Transplantation......Page 50 Cardiovascular Issues......Page 51 References......Page 52 Introduction......Page 54 Blood Temperature Modeling......Page 55 Conclusion......Page 56 References......Page 57 Physiological Demands upon Hemodialysis Technique......Page 58 Bacteriological Safety......Page 60 Clinical Experience......Page 61 Conclusion......Page 62 References......Page 63 Introduction......Page 64 Sodium Modeling by Conductivity in Paired Filtration Dialysis (PFD)......Page 65 Conductivity and Clinical Outcomes......Page 66 Appendix......Page 67 References......Page 68 Biomarkers of Phagocyte-Derived Oxidant Stress......Page 69 Inflammation and Phagocyte Activation in Uremia......Page 70 Measurement of Plasma Protein Oxidation in Response to Phagocyte-Derived Oxidants in Hypochlorous Acid......Page 71 Summary of in vitro Experiments......Page 72 Summary and Conclusions......Page 73 References......Page 74 Results......Page 75 Why Is Daily Hemodialysis Better than Conventional Hemodialysis?......Page 76 Is Daily Hemodialysis a Complex Therapy?......Page 77 References......Page 78 An Overview of the Kinetics of Variable Frequency Dialysis Therapy: The Rationale for Increased Dialysis Frequency......Page 80 Kinetics of Intermittent and Continuous Dialysis: Definitions of Equivalency between Intermittent and Continuous Clearance......Page 81 Clinical Evaluation of K[sub(pk), stdK and EKR......Page 82 Problems with Kinetic Evaluation of Short Dialysis and Low eKt/ V......Page 83 Conclusions and Recommendations......Page 84 References......Page 85 Interdialytic Weight Gain......Page 86 Blood Volume......Page 88 Dry Weight......Page 89 References......Page 90 Rationale for ADQI......Page 91 The First ADQI Conference......Page 92 ADQI Conference Methodology......Page 93 References......Page 95 Dialysis Decisions in the ICU: Current Practice......Page 96 Dialysis in the ICU: Suggested Approach......Page 98 Recommendations for Initial Choice of Dialysis in the ICU......Page 100 References......Page 101 Outside Advice......Page 102 Advice from Clinical Trialists......Page 103 Design of Clinical Trial Networks......Page 104 Conclusions......Page 105 References......Page 106 Background......Page 107 Method of Establishing a Dialysis Dose Measurement......Page 108 Results......Page 109 Discussion......Page 110 References......Page 112 Characteristics of the Blood Temperature Monitor......Page 114 Methods......Page 115 Results......Page 116 Discussion......Page 117 References......Page 119 Materials......Page 120 Results......Page 122 References......Page 123 The Changing Understanding of Toxins in Uremia ( Small Molecular Weight Proteins)......Page 124 Brief History of Sorbents in Uremia......Page 125 New Sorbent Design for Removal of Middle Molecular Weight Proteins, Polypeptides, etc.......Page 126 Conclusions......Page 127 References......Page 128 Introduction......Page 129 Results......Page 130 Discussion......Page 131 References......Page 132 Author Index......Page 133 C......Page 134 H......Page 135 M......Page 136 S......Page 137 W......Page 138