Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse : Applying Research to Policy and Practice

"Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA) is a much-needed contemporary guide to navigating APVA for practitioners and researchers alike. It holds account the intersecting systems that are confronted and challenged by APVA and explores their role and how they can be solutions focused. McCloud provides a sophisticated, nuanced exploration of the most recent research, dilemmas, challenges and paradoxes within this complex and developing field that delivers a roadmap for policy and practice change, and asks the questions needed to improve family relationships moving forward." -Lauren Moulds, Psychologist and Clinical Lecturer, The University of Adelaide, Australia This book seeks to break new ground in the way in which adolescent-to-parent violence and abuse is understood. Incorporating knowledge from an original research project undertaken in the UK and international literature, this book provides insight into the prevalence of this form of domestic violence which can include psychological, physical, and economic abuse. Young person and family characteristics are explored, and links are made between sibling aggression and school bullying behaviours. A key theme is how the data can be used to develop statistical models which can screen for young people behaving abusively towards their parents. It discusses how the research can be applied to inform theoretical frameworks, policy development, and professional practice, with a focus on prevention and early intervention that uses positive youth justice and restorative approaches. Elizabeth McCloud was awarded the Clare Whelan Prize for her master's degree in Forensic Psychology at the University of Surrey, UK. She went on to complete a professional doctorate in Criminal Justice at the University of Portsmouth. She works as a Senior Practitioner in a youth offending Team. Her research interests include adolescent-to-parent violence and abuse and young people who display harmful sexual behaviour Preface Acknowledgements Contents Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables 1: Introduction: Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA) What Do We Know? Introduction: What Is Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse? Definitions and Terminology Policy and Practice Context Summary of the Literature and Rationale for Research Methodological Differences Population Samples Measuring Response Bias Reporting Research Design Overview of Chapters Conclusion References 2: Developing a Better Picture of Prevalence Introduction: The Problem with Prevalence Definition and Terminology Research Methodology Measuring Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse Reliability and Confounding Variables Sample Size and Populations Awareness and Reporting of APVA How Prevalent Is Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse? APVA Types APVA Severity A Detailed Picture of Prevalence Interpreting the Results Implications for Policy and Practice Conclusion References 3: Exploring Explanations for APVA: Characteristics and Behaviours of Young People Introduction Setting the Scene: Methodological Considerations Age of a Young Person Sex of a Young Person Ethnicity of a Young Person Emotional Development of a Young Person Aggressive and Violent Behaviour of a Young Person Alcohol and Substance Use of a Young Person Conclusion and Key Findings References 4: Exploring Explanations for APVA: Characteristics of Parents and Families Introduction Household Structure Sex of the Parent Family Functioning Socioeconomic Status Sibling Relationships Conclusion and Key Findings References 5: APVA and School Bullying: A Common Link? Introduction School Bullying and APVA Victims of School Bullying and APVA Summary: Victims of Bullying and APVA Observer of School Bullying and APVA Summary: Observer of Bullying and APVA Perpetrator of School Bullying and APVA Summary: Perpetrator of Bullying and APVA APVA and Bullying: What Are the Links? Implications for Policy and Practice Conclusion and Key Findings References 6: Developing a Model of APVA Introduction A Step-by-Step Guide to Applying Binomial Logistic Regression to Real-World Data Step 1: Testing Assumptions Step 2: Fitting a Logistic Regression Step 3: Interpreting Logistic Regression Results Psychological APVA Logistic Regression Model Physical APVA Logistic Regression Model Severe APVA Logistic Regression Model Summary of the Logistic Regression Models What Does This Mean? Putting the Results into Context Conclusion References 7: Understanding APVA: Theoretical Perspectives Introduction Stress Theory (Strasburg, 1978) General Strain Theory (Agnew, 1992) and Coercion Theory (Patterson, 1982) Social Learning Theory (Bandura, 1973) Intergenerational Transmission of Violence Theory (e.g. McCloskey & Lichter, 2003) Social Cognitive Models of Aggression (Dodge, 1986) Feminist Theories (e.g. Dobash & Dobash, 1979) Parenting Styles (e.g. Kratcoski, 1985) Attachment Theory (Bowlby, 1969) Ecological Theories (e.g. Cottrell & Monk, 2004) Summary of Theoretical Implications Conclusion References 8: Conclusion: APVA Policy, Practice and Research—Implications and Future Directions Introduction Policy Landscape Recommendations for Policy Implications for Practice: Training Implications for Practice: Assessment Implications for Practice: Intervention Substantive Contribution to Knowledge Methodological Contributions and Applying the Lessons Learned Recommendation for Future Research and Practice Conclusion References Index