Active Tectonics and Seismic Potential of Alaska: Freymueller/Active Tectonics and Seismic Potential of Alaska

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the __Geophysical Monograph Series__. This multidisciplinary monograph provides the first modern integrative summary focused on the most spectacular active tectonic systems in North America. Encompassing seismology, tectonics, geology, and geodesy, it includes papers that summarize the state of knowledge, including background material for those unfamiliar with the region; address global hypotheses using data from Alaska; and test important global hypotheses using data from this region. It is organized around four major themes: * subduction and great earthquakes at the Aleutian Arc, * the transition from strike slip to accretion and subduction of the Yakutat microplate, * the Denali fault and related structures and their role in accommodating permanent deformation of the overriding plate, and * regional integration and large-scale models and the use of data from Alaska to address important global questions and hypotheses. The book's publication near the beginning of the National Science Foundation's EarthScope project makes it especially timely because Alaska is perhaps the least understood area within the EarthScope footprint, and interest in the region can be expected to rise with time as more EarthScope data become available. Content: Active Tectonics and Seismic Potential of Alaska......Page 3 Copyright......Page 4 CONTENTS......Page 5 1. INTRODUCTION......Page 7 2. DATA AND GPS DATA ANALYSIS......Page 12 3. OBSERVED SITE VELOCITIES......Page 14 4. SEISMIC CYCLE AND TECTONIC MODELS......Page 25 5. ALASKA-SCALE DEFORMATION MODELS......Page 37 6. BLOCK MODELS......Page 38 7. CONCLUSIONS......Page 43 REFERENCES......Page 44 Paleoseismicity and Neotectonics of The Aleutian Subduction Zone?An Overview......Page 49 2. NEOTECTONIC SETTING OF THE ALEUTIAN SUBDUCTION ZONE......Page 50 3. SUBDUCTION ZONE SEGMENTATION AND GREAT EARTHQUAKES OF THE RECENT DISLOCATION CYCLE......Page 53 4. PALEOSEISMOLOGY......Page 54 5. CHRONOLOGY OF GREAT ALEUTIAN SUBDUCTION ZONE PALEOEARTHQUAKES......Page 61 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 65 REFERENCES......Page 67 Neotectonics of the Yakutat Collision: Changes in Deformation Driven by Mass Redistribution......Page 70 3. Deformation Fronts......Page 71 4. Discussion......Page 80 References......Page 83 1. Introduction......Page 87 2. The Denali Fault and the 2002 Earthquake......Page 93 3. Rise of the Alaska Range......Page 95 4. Topography of Denali and the Alaska Range......Page 98 5. Flanks of the Alaska Range......Page 99 7. Cook Inlet Region......Page 102 8. Discussion?How it Works......Page 104 9. Questions for Future Study......Page 107 References......Page 108 1. Introduction......Page 113 2. Overview of Seismicity and Tectonic Models......Page 116 3. Analysis of Recent Seismicity......Page 119 4. Geomorphic Data......Page 124 5. GPS Constraints on Deformation......Page 129 6. Discussion......Page 133 References......Page 134 New Paleomagnetic Data From the Central Aleutian Arc: Evidence and Implications for Block Rotations......Page 138 1. Introduction......Page 139 3. Paleomagnetic Studies......Page 140 4. Conclusions......Page 150 References......Page 151 1. Introduction......Page 153 2. Tectonics of the Chugach-Kenai Mountai ns......Page 154 3. Topography of the Chugach-Kenai Mountai ns......Page 157 5. Results and Interpretations......Page 160 6. Discussion and Conclusions......Page 165 References......Page 166 1. Introduction and Seismotectonic Setting of the Kodiak Islands......Page 169 2. Paleoseismicity......Page 177 3. Summary......Page 184 References......Page 185 1. Context and Aims......Page 187 2. Analysis of Girdwood Marsh......Page 192 3. Discussion......Page 194 References......Page 200 1. Introduction......Page 202 2. Previous Studies of Seismicit y......Page 203 3. Ana lysis Techni ques......Page 205 4. Results......Page 206 5. Discussion......Page 213 Referenc es......Page 214 Geological and Geophysical Evaluation of the Mechanisms of the Great 1899 Yakutat Bay Earthquakes......Page 216 1. Introduction......Page 217 2. Geologic and Tectonic setting......Page 220 3. 1899 Deformation......Page 221 4. A Revised Deformation Model......Page 226 6. Earthquake Seismograms and Seismic Moment......Page 230 7. Crustal Deformation and Faulting Models......Page 232 8. Earthquake Hazards and Seismic Gaps......Page 233 References......Page 236 Yakataga Fold-and-Thrust Belt: Structural Geometry and Tectonic Implications of a Small Continental Collision Zone......Page 238 1. Introduction......Page 239 2. Geologic and Tectonic Setting......Page 240 3. Structural Transect Across the Central Yakataga Fold-and- Thrust Belt......Page 242 4. Age and Rate of Deformation......Page 249 5. Tectonic Implications......Page 250 5. Summary and conclusions......Page 254 References......Page 255 1. Introduction......Page 258 2. Data......Page 260 3. Observations and Interpretations......Page 261 4. Discussion......Page 264 References......Page 268 1. Introduction......Page 270 2. Geologic Setting......Page 272 4. Fission Track Thermochronology......Page 273 5. AHe Thermoch ronology......Page 278 6. Exhumation......Page 282 7. Discussion......Page 283 References......Page 284 1. Introduction......Page 287 3. Seismic Reflection Data......Page 290 4. Discussion......Page 291 References......Page 294 1. Introduction......Page 296 2. Current Tectonics......Page 297 3. Dynamics of the Cordillera......Page 306 4. Implicati ons for Seismic Hazard Models......Page 311 5. Conclusion......Page 312 Appendix A: Gravitati onal Potential Energy......Page 313 References......Page 316 1. Introduction......Page 319 2. Tectonic Questions......Page 321 4. Analysis Approach......Page 323 5. Results......Page 325 6. Discussion......Page 330 References......Page 332 1. Introduction......Page 335 2. Alaska Tectonic Setting......Page 336 3. Mechanical Model for Plate Coupling......Page 337 4. Discussion......Page 342 5. Conclusions......Page 343 Appendix A: Dipping Viscous Sheet......Page 344 References......Page 345 1. Introduction......Page 348 3. Focal Mechanism Data......Page 349 5. Results and Discussion......Page 354 References......Page 361 1. Introduction......Page 365 2. Glacio-Seismotectonics of Southern Alaska......Page 369 3. Stress Changes Due to Ice Mass Fluctuations and Calculation of FSM......Page 370 4. Seismicity Catalog......Page 374 6. Discussion and Summary......Page 377 Refere nces......Page 378 2. Earthquake History and Plate ectonic Setting......Page 381 4. Regional Analysis of Seismic Sources......Page 383 5. Description of Map......Page 390 References......Page 391 1. Introduction......Page 394 2. Overview of methodology......Page 395 3. Components of the Analysis......Page 398 5. Earthquake Probabilities......Page 404 7. Discussion......Page 405 8. Conclusions......Page 409 References......Page 410 1. Introduction......Page 412 2. Stress Modeling......Page 413 3. Coulomb Stress Change......Page 416 5. Results......Page 417 6. Cumulative Coseismic Coulomb Stress Changes Before Segment Failure......Page 420 7. Postrupture Static Stress Transfer: Implications for Seismic Hazard......Page 421 References......Page 424 Index......Page 426 Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 179. This multidisciplinary monograph provides the first modern integrative summary focused on the most spectacular active tectonic systems in North America. Encompassing seismology, tectonics, geology, and geodesy, it includes papers that summarize the state of knowledge, including background material for those unfamiliar with the region; address global hypotheses using data from Alaska; and test important global hypotheses using data from this region. It is organized around four major themes: subduction and great earthquakes at the Aleutian Arc, the transition from strike slip to accretion and subduction of the Yakutat microplate, the Denali fault and related structures and their role in accommodating permanent deformation of the overriding plate, and regional integration and large-scale models and the use of data from Alaska to address important global questions and hypotheses. The book's publication near the beginning of the National Science Foundation's EarthScope project makes it especially timely because Alaska is perhaps the least understood area within the EarthScope footprint, and interest in the region can be expected to rise with time as more EarthScope data become available. "This multi-disciplinary monograph provides the first modern integrative summary of the most spectacular active tectonic systems in North America. Encompassing seismology, tectonics, geology, and geodesy, it includes papers that summarize the state of knowledge, including background material for those unfamiliar with the region; address global hypotheses using data from Alaska; and test important global hypotheses using data from this region. It is organized around four major themes: subduction and great earthquakes at the Aleutian Arc; the transition from strike-slip to collision tectonics in the Yakutat Block accretion; the Denali fault and related structures and their role in accommodating permanent deformation of the overriding plate, and; regional integration and large-scale models, and the use of data from Alaska to address important global questions and hypotheses."--Cover description