ACI 349-13 الزامات کد برای سازه‌های بتنی مرتبط با ایمنی هسته‌ای و تفسیر

TITLE PAGE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1.1—Scope 1.2—Drawings and specifications 1.3—Inspection 1.4—Approval of special systems of design or construction 1.5—Quality assurance program References, Chapter 1 CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS 2.1—Code notation 2.2—Definitions CHAPTER 3—MATERIALS 3.1—Tests of materials 3.2—Cementitious materials 3.3—Aggregates 3.4—Water 3.5—Steel reinforcement 3.6—Admixtures 3.7—Storage and identification of materials 3.8—Referenced standards References, Chapter 3 CHAPTER 4—DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS 4.1—General 4.2—Exposure categories and classes 4.3—Requirements for concrete mixtures 4.4—Additional requirements for freezing-and-thawing exposure 4.5—Alternative cementitious materials for sulfate exposure CHAPTER 5—CONCRETE QUALITY, MIXING, AND PLACING 5.1—General 5.2—Selection of concrete proportions 5.3—Proportioning on the basis of field experience or trial mixtures, or both 5.4—Proportioning without field experience or trial mixtures 5.5—Average compressive strength reduction 5.6—Evaluation and acceptance of concrete 5.7—Preparation of equipment and place of deposit 5.8—Mixing 5.9—Conveying 5.10—Depositing 5.11—Curing 5.12—Cold weather requirements 5.13—Hot weather requirements References, Chapter 5 CHAPTER 6—FORMWORK, EMBEDMENTS, AND CONSTRUCTION JOINTS 6.1—Design of formwork 6.2—Removal of forms, shores, and reshoring 6.3—Embedments in concrete 6.4—Construction joints Referenced standards, Chapter 6 CHAPTER 7—DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENT 7.1—Standard hooks 7.2—Minimum bend diameters 7.3—Bending 7.4—Surface conditions of reinforcement 7.5—Placing reinforcement 7.6—Spacing limits for reinforcement 7.7—Concrete protection for reinforcement 7.8—Special reinforcement details for columns 7.9—Connections 7.10—Lateral reinforcement for compression members 7.11—Lateral reinforcement for flexural members 7.12—Minimum reinforcement 7.13—Requirements for structural integrity References, Chapter 7 CHAPTER 8—ANALYSIS AND DESIGN—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 8.1—Design methods 8.2—Loading 8.3—Methods of analysis 8.4—Redistribution of moments in continuous flexural members 8.5—Modulus of elasticity 8.6—Not used 8.7—Stiffness 8.8—Effective stiffness to determine lateral deflections 8.9—Span length 8.10—Columns 8.11—Arrangement of live load 8.12—T-beam construction 8.13—Joist construction 8.14—Separate floor finish R8.14—Separate floor finish CHAPTER 9—STRENGTH AND SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS 9.1—General 9.2—Required strength 9.3—Design strength 9.4—Design strength for reinforcement 9.5—Control of deflections References, Chapter 9 CHAPTER 10—FLEXURE AND AXIAL LOADS 10.1—Scope 10.2—Design assumptions 10.3—General principles and requirements 10.4—Distance between lateral supports of flexural members 10.5—Minimum reinforcement of flexural members 10.6—Distribution of flexural reinforcement in beams and one-way slabs 10.7—Deep beams 10.8—Design dimensions for compression members 10.9—Limits for reinforcement of compression members 10.10—Slenderness effects in compression members 10.11—Axially loaded members supporting slab system 10.12—Transmission of column loads through floor system 10.13—Composite compression members 10.14—Bearing strength CHAPTER 11—SHEAR AND TORSION 11.1—Shear strength 11.2—Shear strength provided by concrete for nonprestressed members 11.3—Shear strength provided by concrete for prestressed members 11.4—Shear strength provided by shear reinforcement 11.5—Design for torsion 11.6—Shear-friction 11.7—Deep beams 11.8—Provisions for brackets and corbels 11.9—Provisions for walls 11.10—Transfer of moments to columns 11.11—Provisions for slabs and footings References, Chapter 11 CHAPTER 12—DEVELOPMENT AND SPLICES OF REINFORCEMENT 12.1—Development of reinforcement—General 12.2—Development of deformed bars and deformed wire in tension 12.3—Development of deformed bars and deformed wire in compression 12.4—Development of bundled bars 12.5—Development of standard hooks in tension 12.6—Development of headed and mechanically anchored deformed bars in tension 12.7—Development of welded deformed wire reinforcement in tension 12.8—Development of welded plain wire reinforcement in tension 12.9—Development of prestressing strand 12.10—Development of flexural reinforcement—General 12.11—Development of positive moment reinforcement 12.12—Development of negative moment reinforcement 12.13—Development of web reinforcement 12.14—Splices of reinforcement—General 12.15—Splices of deformed bars and deformed wire in tension 12.16—Splices of deformed bars in compression 12.17—Special splice requirements for columns 12.18—Splices of welded deformed wire reinforcement in tension 12.19—Splices of welded plain wire reinforcement in tension CHAPTER 13—TWO-WAY SLAB SYSTEMS 13.1—Scope 13.2—General 13.3—Slab reinforcement 13.4—Openings in slab systems 13.5—Design procedures 13.6—Direct design method 13.7—Equivalent frame method CHAPTER 14—WALLS 14.1—Scope 14.2—General 14.3—Minimum reinforcement 14.4—Walls designed as compression members 14.5—Empirical design method 14.6—Nonbearing walls 14.7—Walls as grade beams 14.8—Alternative design of slender walls CHAPTER 15—FOOTINGS 15.1—Scope 15.2—Loads and reactions 15.3—Footings supporting circular or regular polygon-shaped columns or pedestals 15.4—Moment in footings 15.5—Shear in footings 15.6—Development of reinforcement in footings 15.7—Minimum footing depth 15.8—Transfer of force at base of column, wall, or reinforced pedestal 15.9—Sloped or stepped footings 15.10—Combined footings and mats CHAPTER 16—PRECAST CONCRETE 16.1—Scope 16.2—General 16.3—Distribution of forces among members 16.4—Member design 16.5—Structural integrity 16.6—Connection and bearing design 16.7—Items embedded after concrete placement 16.8—Marking and identification 16.9—Handling 16.10—Strength evaluation of precast construction CHAPTER 17—COMPOSITE CONCRETE FLEXURAL MEMBERS 17.1—Scope 17.2—General 17.3—Shoring 17.4—–Vertical shear strength 17.5—Horizontal shear strength 17.6—Ties for horizontal shear CHAPTER 18–—PRESTRESSED CONCRETE 18.1—Scope 18.2—General 18.3—Design assumptions 18.4—Serviceability requirements—Flexural members 18.5—Permissible stresses in prestressing steel 18.6—Loss of prestress 18.7—Flexural strength 18.8—Limits for reinforcement of flexural members 18.9—Minimum bonded reinforcement 18.10—Statically indeterminate structures 18.11—Compression members—Combined flexure and axial loads 18.12—Slab systems 18.13—Post-tensioned tendon anchorage zones 18.14—Intentionally left blank 18.15—Intentionally left blank 18.16—Corrosion protection for unbonded tendons 18.17—Post-tensioning ducts 18.18—Grout for bonded tendons 18.19—Protection for prestressing steel 18.20—Application and measurement of prestressing force 18.21—Post-tensioning anchorages and couplers 18.22—External post-tensioning CHAPTER 19—SHELLS 19.1—Scope and definitions 19.2—General 19.3—Design strength of materials 19.4—Section design and reinforcement requirements 19.5—Construction CHAPTER 20—STRENGTH EVALUATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES 20.1—Strength evaluation—General 20.2—Determination of required dimensions and material properties 20.3—Load test procedure 20.4—Loading criteria 20.5—Acceptance criteria 20.6—Provision for lower load rating 20.7—Safety References, Chapter 20 CHAPTER 21—PROVISIONS FOR EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT DESIGN 21.1—General requirements 21.2—Intentionally left blank 21.3—Intentionally left blank 21.4—Intentionally left blank 21.5—Flexural members of moment frames 21.6—Moment frame members subjected to bending and axial load 21.7—Joints of moment frames 21.8—Special moment frames constructed using precast concrete 21.9—Special structural walls and coupling beams 21.10—Special structural walls constructed using precast concrete 21.11—Structural diaphragms 21.12—Foundations References, Chapter 21 CHAPTER 22—STRUCTURAL PLAIN CONCRETE APPENDIX A—STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS A.1—Definitions A.2–—Strut-and-tie model design procedure A.3—Strength of struts A.4—Strength of ties A.5—Strength of nodal zones APPENDIX B—ALTERNATIVE PROVISIONS FOR REINFORCED AND PRESTRESSED CONCRETE FLEXURAL AND COMPRESSION MEMBERS APPENDIX C—ALTERNATIVE LOAD AND STRENGTH-REDUCTION FACTORS C.9.1—Scope C.9.2—Required strength C.9.3—Design strength APPENDIX D—ANCHORING TO CONCRETE D.1—Definitions D.2—Scope D.3—General requirements D.4—General requirements for strength of anchors D.5—Design requirements for tensile loading D.6—Design requirements for shear loading D.7—Interaction of tensile and shear forces D.8—Required edge distances, spacings, and thicknesses to preclude splitting failure D.9—Installation of anchors D.10—Structural plates, shapes, and specialty inserts D.11—Shear strength of embedded plates and shear lugs D.12—Grouted embedments References, Appendix D APPENDIX E—THERMAL CONSIDERATION E.1—Scope E.2—Definitions (moved to Chapter 2) E.3—General design requirements E.4—Concrete temperatures References, Appendix E APPENDIX F—SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR IMPULSIVE AND IMPACTIVE EFFECTS F.1—Scope F.2—Dynamic strength increase F.3—Deformation F.4—Requirements to assure ductility F.5—Shear strength F.6—Impulsive effects F.7—Impactive effects F.8—Impactive and impulsive loads References, Appendix F SUMMARY OF CHANGES FOR ACI 349-06 CODE