Accessibility on Mobile Devices: The definitive field guide to accessibility and digital inclusion for business managers and project teams.

Around the world, it is a legal requirement that digital systems be equally accessible to those users with disabilities. Obviously, that includes apps on mobile devices. But accessibility also means dramatically improved usability and convenience. Accessibility techniques are what allows us to have emails read to us by a phone while we are driving. But delivering accessibility can be a challenge, especially on smartphones and tablets, which support mobile web, hybrid apps and native apps. Cracking Accessibility on Mobile Explains the business benefits of accessibilityIntroduces accessibility as a design and development function (not just test)Includes code examples of HTML, iOS (Objective-C) and Android (Java)Provides a ready reference of accessibility standards requirements Who should read this book? Company officersBusiness managersProject managersUX designersiOS and Android developersFront end web developers Cracking Accessibility on Mobile Devices is an essential addition to the toolset for any digital project for apps or services to be delivered to smartphones and tablets. 258 pages Accessibility and Digital Inclusion Introduction The Business Case for Accessibility Market Reach Improved Usability Negating Risk Application Types Mobile Web Applications Native Apps Hybrid Apps Standards and Guidelines Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 BBC Mobile Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 Section 508 Types of Disability and Special Needs Visual Conditions Blindness Low Vision Colour Blindness Auditory Conditions Video Subtitles and Captioning Transcripts of Audio Visual Alerts Motor Conditions Cognitive Conditions Legibility and Readability Colour and Contrast Iconography Problem Solving Memory and Rote Attention Other Special Needs Situational Disability Legal and Regulatory Requirements United Kingdom European Union United Nations CRPD United States of America Other Countries Recommendations Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Introduction How WCAG 2.0 is Organised Principles (POUR) Guidelines Success Criteria Quick Reference Perceivable Operable Understandable Robust Principle 1: Perceivable Guideline 1.1 Text Alternatives SC 1.1.1 Non-text Content Guideline 1.2 Time-based Media SC 1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.2 Captions (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.3 Audio Description or Media Alternative (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.4 Captions (Live) SC 1.2.5 Audio Description (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.6 Sign Language (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.7 Extended Audio Description (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.8 Media Alternative (Pre-recorded) SC 1.2.9 Audio-only (Live) Guideline 1.3 Adaptable SC 1.3.1 Info and Relationships SC 1.3.2 Meaningful Sequence SC 1.3.3 Sensory Characteristics Guideline 1.4 Distinguishable SC 1.4.1 Use of Colour SC 1.4.2 Audio Control SC 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum) SC 1.4.4 Resize text SC 1.4.5 Images of Text SC 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced) SC 1.4.7 Low or No Background Audio SC 1.4.8 Visual Presentation SC 1.4.9 Images of Text (No Exception) Principle 2: Operable Guideline 2.1 Keyboard Accessible SC 2.1.1 Keyboard SC 2.1.2 No Keyboard Trap SC 2.1.3 Keyboard (No Exception) Guideline 2.2 Enough Time SC 2.2.1 Timing Adjustable SC 2.2.2 Pause, Stop, Hide SC 2.2.3 No Timing SC 2.2.4 Interruptions SC 2.2.5 Re-authenticating Guideline 2.3 Seizures SC 2.3.1 Three Flashes or Below Threshold SC 2.3.2 Three Flashes Guideline 2.4 Navigable SC 2.4.1 Bypass Blocks SC 2.4.2 Page Titled SC 2.4.3 Focus Order SC 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context) SC 2.4.5 Multiple Ways SC 2.4.6 Headings and Labels 2.4.7 Focus Visible SC 2.4.8 Location SC 2.4.9 Link Purpose (Link Only) SC 2.4.10 Section Headings Principle 3: Understandable Guideline 3.1 Readable SC 3.1.1 Language of Page SC 3.1.2 Language of Parts SC 3.1.3 Unusual Words 3.1.4 Abbreviations SC 3.1.5 Reading Level SC 3.1.6 Pronunciation Guideline 3.2 Predictable SC 3.2.1 On Focus SC 3.2.2 On Input SC 3.2.3 Consistent Navigation SC 3.2.4 Consistent Identification SC 3.2.5 Change on Request Guideline 3.3 Input Assistance SC 3.3.1 Error Identification SC 3.3.2 Labels or Instructions SC 3.3.3 Error Suggestion SC 3.3.4 Error Prevention (Legal, Financial, Data SC 3.3.5 Help SC 3.3.6 Error Prevention (All) Principle 4: Robust Guideline 4.1 Compatible SC 4.1.1 Parsing SC 4.1.2 Name, Role, Value Mapping WCAG to Mobile Introduction Principle 1: Perceivable Small Screen Size Zoom / Magnification Guideline 1.4 Distinguishable SC 1.4.4 Resize text Contrast Guideline 1.4 Distinguishable SC 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum) SC 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced) Principle 2: Operable Keyboard Control for Touchscreen Devices Guideline 2.1 Keyboard Accessible SC 2.1.1 Keyboard SC 2.1.2 No Keyboard Trap Guideline 2.4 Navigable SC 2.4.3 Focus Order SC 2.4.7 Focus Visible Touch Target Size and Spacing Touchscreen Gestures Device Manipulation Gestures Guideline 2.1 Keyboard Accessible SC 2.1.1 Keyboard Placing Buttons for Easy Access Principle 3: Understandable Changing Screen Orientation Consistent Layout Guideline 3.2 Predictable SC 3.2.3 Consistent Navigation SC 3.2.4 Consistent Identification Positioning Elements Before Page Scroll Grouping Operable Elements Guideline 2.4 Navigable SC 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context) SC 2.4.9 Link Purpose (Link Only) Indication of Actionable Elements Guideline 3.2 Predictable SC 3.2.3 Consistent Navigation SC 3.2.4 Consistent Identification Instructions for Custom Gestures Guideline 3.3 Input Assistance SC 3.3.2 Labels or Instructions SC 3.3.5 Help Principle 4: Robust Displaying Appropriate Virtual Keyboard Provide Easy Methods for Data Entry Supporting Characteristic Platform Properties BBC Mobile Accessibility Guidelines Introduction How the Guidelines Are Organised Quick Reference Audio and Video Subtitles, signing and audio description Transcripts Autoplay Metadata Design Colour contrast Colour and meaning Styling and readability Touch target size Spacing Zoom Actionable elements Visible focus Consistent components Editorial Consistent labelling Indicating language Changes in language Focus Focusable elements Keyboard trap Content order Focus order Managing focus Touch events Alternative inputs Forms Labels Keyboard input types Form layout Grouping form inputs Images Images of text Background images Links Descriptive links Links to alternative formats Repeated links Notifications Instructions Changes of state Standard operating system alerts Visual cues and audio alerts Error messages Error correction Scripts and Dynamic Content JavaScript alternatives Controlling media Page refreshes Timeouts Structure Unique page/screen titles Headings Containers and landmarks Duplicated links Text Equivalents Alternatives for non-text content Decorative content Tooltips and supplementary information Changes of state Roles and traits Visual formatting Standards Checklists Introduction WCAG 2.0 Checklist BBC Mobile Guidelines Useful References iOS Android BBC W3C WAI Specialists Providers of Accessibility Services Opinion Sharing Biography