Abnormal psychology : the science and treatment of psychological disorders

Since its inception, Abnormal Psychology has carefully balanced research and clinical application, engaging learners in the complex challenges with which clinicians and scientists are faced every day. The new 15 th edition features a new integrated approach, shining a light on psychopathologies' root causes and most effective treatments by approaching these disorders from multiple, complementary perspectives underscoring that very often biological, cognitive, behavioral, and socioemotional factors are critical to understanding psychological disorders. Abnormal Psychology 2 About the Authors 6 Preface 8 Brief Contents 26 Contents 27 CHAPTER 1 Introduction and Historical Overview 42 Psychological Disorders and Stigmas 44 Defining Psychological Disorder 52 Early History of Psychopathology 58 Historical Antecedents of Contemporary Views 67 Have We Learned From History? 84 The Mental Health Professions 88 Summary 90 CHAPTER 2 Current Approaches in Psychopathology 94 Genetic Influences 94 Neuroscience Influences 104 Cognitive Behavioral Influences 115 Socioemotional Influences 123 Summary 138 CHAPTER 3 Diagnosis and Assessment 142 Cornerstones of Diagnosis and Assessment: Reliability and Validity 144 Diagnosis 149 Psychological Assessment 174 Neurobiological Assessment 188 Diversity and Assessment 194 Summary 198 CHAPTER 4 Research Methods in Psychopathology 204 Science, Theory, and Hypotheses 205 Research Designs in Psychopathology 206 One Example of Experimental Research: Treatment Outcome Research 229 Analogues in Psychopathology Research 244 Integrating the Findings of Multiple Studies 248 Summary 256 CHAPTER 5 Mood Disorders 262 Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Depressive Disorders 263 Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Bipolar Disorders 272 Treatment of Mood Disorders 295 Suicide 309 Summary 319 CHAPTER 6 Anxiety Disorders 325 Emotions of Anxiety and Fear 327 Clinical Descriptions of the Anxiety Disorders 328 Gender and Cultural Influences on the Anxiety Disorders 342 Common Influences Across the Anxiety Disorders 345 Etiology of Specific Anxiety Disorders 358 Treatments of the Anxiety Disorders 371 Summary 381 CHAPTER 7 Obsessive-Compulsive-Related and Trauma-Related Disorders 386 Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 388 Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 402 Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 410 Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder 418 Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 425 Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder 431 Summary 437 CHAPTER 8 Dissociative Disorders and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders 442 Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of the Dissociative Disorders 445 Etiology of Dissociative Disorders 459 Treatment of Dissociative Disorders 464 Clinical Description of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders 466 Etiology of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders 478 Treatment of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders 487 Summary 492 CHAPTER 9 Schizophrenia 497 Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia 498 Etiology of Schizophrenia 515 Treatment of Schizophrenia 544 Summary 558 CHAPTER 10 Substance Use Disorders 563 Overview: Substance Use by the Numbers 564 Clinical Descriptions: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use Disorders 570 Clinical Descriptions: Opioid, Stimulant, and Other Drug Use Disorders 589 Etiology of Substance Use Disorders 607 Treatment of Substance Use Disorders 624 Prevention of Substance Use Disorders 643 Summary 645 CHAPTER 11 Eating Disorders 649 Clinical Descriptions of Eating Disorders 651 Etiology of Eating Disorders 670 Treatment of Eating Disorders 689 Summary 696 CHAPTER 12 Sexual Disorders 699 Sexual Norms and Behavior 700 Clinical Descriptions of Sexual Dysfunctions 706 Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions 713 Treatments of Sexual Dysfunctions 719 Clinical Descriptions of the Paraphilic Disorders 724 Etiology of the Paraphilic Disorders 731 Treatments and Community Prevention for the Paraphilic Disorders 735 Summary 739 Key Terms 741 CHAPTER 13 Disorders of Childhood 743 Classification and Diagnosis of Childhood Disorders 745 Externalizing Disorders: ADHD and Conduct Disorder 748 Internalizing Disorders: Depression and Anxiety Disorders 775 Specific Learning Disorder and Intellectual Disability 796 Autism Spectrum Disorder 808 Summary 823 CHAPTER 14 Late Life and Neurocognitive Disorders 827 Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods 828 Psychological Disorders in Late Life 836 Dementia 840 Delirium 864 Summary 869 CHAPTER 15 Personality Disorders 872 The DSM-5 Approach to Classification 877 Alternative DSM - 5 Model for Personality Disorders 883 Common Risk Factors Across the Personality Disorders 887 Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster 890 Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster 895 Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster 915 Treatment of Personality Disorders 921 Summary 928 CHAPTER 16 Legal and Ethical Issues 933 Criminal Commitment 936 Competency to Stand Trial 949 Insanity, Intellectual Disability, and Capital Punishment 960 Civil Commitment 963 Ethical Dilemmas in Therapy and Research 983 Summary 989 APPENDIX 992 DSM-5 Diagnoses 992 Glossary 997 Reference 1041 Name Index 1341 Subject Index 1390 Blank Page 1 "The focus of this book has always been on the balancing and blending of research and clinical application and on the effort to involve the learner in the problem solving engaged in by clinicians and scientists. We continue to emphasize an integrated approach, showing how psychopathology is best understood by considering multiple perspectives and how these varying perspectives can provide us with the clearest accounting of the causes of these disorders as well as the best possible treatments. With the fifteenth edition, we have once again emphasized the recent and comprehensive research coverage that has been the hallmark of the book. Of equal importance, however, we have worked to make the prose ever more accessible to a variety of students"; Provided by publisher