'Abd al-Rahman III: The First Cordoban Caliph (Makers of the Muslim World)

Абд ар-Рахман III — эмир с 912 года, халиф с 929 года из династии кордовских Омейядов. Восстановил полураспавшийся при его предшественниках Кордовский эмират. В 931 году взял Сеуту, в 932 году — Толедо. С 955 года заставил королей Леона и Наварры платить дань. Отвоевал у Фатимидов часть Магриба (Северная Африка). Имел баскские корни (басками были его мать и мать отца).Абдаррахман заботился о развитии культуры и об усилении политической мощи, покровительствуя развитию сельского хозяйства, ремесла, торговли, литературы и просвещения. Упорядочил финансы, поощрял строительство. При нем были созданы крупные памятники искусства в столице и в других городах. Кордова стала одним из самых прекрасных городов мира; в этом городе было около полумиллиона жителей. Правление Абдаррахмана III — апогей расцвета аль-Андалуса и кордовских Омейядов. Скрины (http://fastpic.ru/) (http://fastpic.ru/) (http://fastpic.ru/) 'abd Al-rahman Iii (891-961) Was The Greatest Of The Umayyad Rulers Of Al-andalus (islamic Spain And Portugal) And The First Of Them To Take The Title Of Caliph. A Strong Leader And An Astute Politician, He Conducted Campaigns Against Muslim Rebels Within His Own Realm, Fought The Christian Kings In The North Of The Iberian Peninsula, Confronted The Fatimids In North Africa And Founded The Palatine Town Of Madinat Al-zahra. By The Time Of His Death In 961, 'abd Al-rahman Iii Had Pacified The Whole Of Al-andalus And Made Cordoba A Capital City To Rival The Greatest Of The Age. This Book Is The First Biography Of This Fascinating And Hugely Influential Figure To Be Published In English. Accessible Yet Authoritative, It Also Features A Comprehensive Guide To Further Reading, And Will Prove An Indispensable Resource For Readers Of All Backgrounds.--jacket. The Fourteen Days Of Happiness Of 'abd Al-rahman Iii (r. 912-61) -- Al-andalus Before The Second Umayyad Caliphate -- What Was Al-andalus? -- Arabs And Berbers, The Muslim Tribesmen Who Conquered Al-andalus -- The Conquered Population And The Process Of Conversion -- The Umayyad Emirs: Centralization, Law, And Clientage -- External Enemies -- The Collapse Of Umayyad Power And Its Recovery By 'abd Al-rahman Iii (912-28) -- Muslims Against Muslims: The Umayyad Confrontation With Arabs, Berbers, And Muwallads -- Umayyads Against Umayyads: The Reign Of Emir 'abd Allah (r. 888-912) -- A New Beginning: 'abd Al-rahman Iii Becomes Emir (912) -- Securing The Central Lands And The Defeat Of The Hafsunids (912-28) -- The Frontier Regions -- Caliphate And Consolidation (929-61) -- The Adoption Of The Caliphal Title And The Minting Of Gold -- Extending Umayyad Power In The Frontier Regions: The Fall Of Toledo And Zaragoza -- Betrayal: The Battle Of Simancas-alhandega (939) -- Relationships With The Christian Polities -- Conflict With The Fatimids And North African Policies -- The Caliph's Family And His Men -- The Caliph's Family -- Men Of The Sword And Men Of The Pen -- Slaves And Eunuchs -- Hierarchies And Egalitarianism Among The Muslim Population -- Christians And Jews -- Building The Caliphate: Stick, Stones, And Words -- The Carrot And The Stick -- Cordoba And Madinat Al-zahra' -- The Writing Of History -- Scholars And Men Of Letters -- Religious Policies And The Maliki Identity -- 'abd Al-rahman Iii's Legacy. Maribel Fierro. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 141-144) And Index. CONTENTS......Page 6 FOREWORD......Page 8 1 THE FOURTEEN DAYS OF HAPPINESS OF ‘ABD AL-RAHMAN III (r. 912-61)......Page 12 WHAT WAS AL-ANDALUS?......Page 16 ARABS AND BERBERS,THE MUSLIM TRIBESMEN WHO CONQUERED AL-ANDALUS......Page 19 THE CONQUERED POPULATION AND THE PROCESS OF CONVERSION......Page 23 THE UMAYYAD EMIRS: CENTRALIZATION, LAW, AND CLIENTAGE......Page 29 EXTERNAL ENEMIES......Page 36 3 THE COLLAPSE OF UMAYYAD POWER AND ITS RECOVERY BY ‘ABD AL-RAHMAN III (912-28)......Page 40 MUSLIMS AGAINST MUSLIMS: THE UMAYYAD CONFRONTATION WITH ARABS, BERBERS, AND MUWALLADS ......Page 41 UMAYYADS AGAINST UMAYYADS: THE REIGN OF THE EMIR ‘ABD ALLAH (r.888-912)......Page 45 A NEW BEGINNING: ‘ABD AL-RAHMAN III BECOMES EMIR (912)......Page 48 SECURING THE CENTRAL LANDS AND THE DEFEAT OF THE HAFSUNIDS (912-28)......Page 52 THE FRONTIER REGIONS......Page 59 THE ADOPTION OF THE CALIPHAL TITLE AND THE MINTING OF GOLD......Page 64 EXTENDING UMAYYAD POWER IN THE FRONTIER REGIONS: THE FALL OF TOLEDO AND ZARAGOZA......Page 71 BETRAYAL: THE BATTLE OF SIMANCAS-ALHANDEGA (939)......Page 75 RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE CHRISTIAN POLITIES......Page 79 CONFLICT WITH THE FATIMIDS AND NORTH AFRICAN POLICIES......Page 84 THE CALIPH’S FAMILY......Page 90 MEN OF THE SWORD AND MEN OF THE PEN......Page 95 SLAVES AND EUNUCHS......Page 101 HIERARCHIES AND EGALITARIANISM AMONG THE MUSLIM POPULATION......Page 104 CHRISTIANS AND JEWS......Page 109 THE CARROT AND THE STICK......Page 116 CORDOBA AND MADINAT AL-ZAHRA’......Page 120 THE WRITING OF HISTORY......Page 128 SCHOLARS AND MEN OF LETTERS......Page 131 RELIGIOUS POLICIES AND THE MALIKI IDENTITY......Page 136 7 ‘ABD AL-RAHMAN III’S LEGACY......Page 144 Appendix HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT 'ABD AL-RAHMAN III?......Page 148 BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 152 INDEX......Page 156 Abd al-Rahman III (891 - 961) was the greatest of the Umayyad rulers of Spain and the first to take the title of Caliph. During his reign, Islamic Spain became wealthy and prosperous. He founded the great Caliphate of Madinat al-Zahra at Cordova and did much in his lifetime to pacify his realm and stabilise the borders with Christian Spain. He died at the apex of his power on Oct. 15, 961.