A World History of Railway Cultures, 1830–1930 Vol. I: The United Kingdom 1

A World History of Railway Cultures, 1830-1930 is the first collection of primary sources to historicize the cultural impact of railways on a global scale from their inception in Great Britain to the Great Depression. Its dual purpose is to promote understanding of complex historical processes leading to globalization and generate interest in transnational and global comparative research on railways. In four volumes, organized by historical geography, this scholarly collection gathers rare out-of-print published and unpublished materials from archival and digital repositories throughout the world. It adopts a capsule approach that focuses on short selections of significant primary source content instead of redundant and irrelevant materials found in online data collections. The current collection draws attention to railway cultures through railroad reports, parliamentary papers, government documents, police reports, public health records, engineering reports, technical papers, medical surveys, memoirs, diaries, travel narratives, ethnographies, newspaper articles, editorials, pamphlets, broadsides, paintings, cartoons, engravings, photographs, art, ephemera, and passages from novels and poetry collections that shed light on the cultural history of railways. The editor's original essays and headnotes on the cultural politics of railways introduce over 200 carefully selected primary sources. Students and researchers come to understand railways not as applied technological impositions of industrial capitalism but powerful, fluid, and idiosyncratic historical constructs. Cover Half Title Title Copyright Dedication CONTENTS Acknowledgements Railways and their metonyms: technology and terminology that transformed world cultures, 1830–1930 Volume I The United Kingdom England as epicenter of railway cultures and the Pax Britannica PART 1 The Rocket, Rainhill Trials, and early promotion of railways 1 Early illustrations of the Rocket and Liverpool and Manchester trains 2 The Rainhill Trials and Inauguration of the Liverpool & Manchester Railway, ‘Account of the Competition of Locomotive Steam-Carriages on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway’, in Mechanics’ Magazine 12: 322 (October 10, 1829), 114–116; 12: 323 (October 17, 1829), 135–141; 12: 324 (October 24, 1829), 146–147; 12: 325 (October 31, 1829), 161; 14: 372 (September 25, 1830), 64-69 3 Charles Maclaren, Railways Compared with Canals & Common Roads, and Their Uses and Advantages Explained (Edinburgh: Constable, 1825), pp. 48–54 4 Nineteenth-century engravings, lithographs, and prints PART 2 Engineering enemies 5 Joseph Sandars, A Letter on the Subject of the Projected Rail Road between Liverpool and Manchester. Second ed. (London: W. Wales, 1824), pp. 3–32 6 ‘Second Prospectus of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company’, Liverpool Mercury XV, December 30, 1825, 203 7 George Eliot, Middlemarch. New edition. (Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood, 1874), pp. 407–414 8 The Creevy Papers: A Selection from the Correspondence & Diaries of the Late Thomas Creevy. Ed. Sir Herbert Maxwell. (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1904), pp. 429–431, 545–546 9 William Wordsworth, ‘On the Projected Kendel and Windermere Railway’, 147, ‘Letters on the Kendal and Windermere Railway, 301–311’, from Vol. 8 of The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth. Ed. William Angus Knight. (Edinburgh: W. Paterson, 1888–1889), pp. 147, 301-311 PART 3 Cultures of railway construction 10 John Francis, A History of the English Railway: Its Social Relations and Revelations. 2 vols. (London: Longman, Brown, Green, & Longmans, 1851). Vol. 2, Chapter 3 pp. 67–91 11 Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil or The Two Nations (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1913), pp. 433–441 12 Stephen W. Fullom, ‘The Brawl Viaduct’, ‘English and Irish’, and ‘The Reward of Merit’, in The Great Highway: A Story of the World’s Struggles. Third ed. (London: G. Routledge & Co., 1854), pp. 119–146 13 Patrick MacGill, Children of the Dead End: The Autobiography of a Navvy (London: H. Jenkins, 1914), pp. 129–145, 209–212, 225–229, 254–262 14 Patrick MacGill, ‘A Platelayer’s Story’ and ‘The Navvies’ Sunday’ and from Gleanings from a Navvy’s Scrapbook. Second ed. (Derry, North Ireland: Derry Journal, 1911), pp. 52–53, 55 PART 4 Novel impressions: early Victorian railway cultures 15 Frances Ann Kemble, Records of a Girlhood. Second ed. (New York: H. Holt, 1884), pp. 278–284 16 ‘Railroad Travelling’, Herapath’s Railway Journal (The Railway Magazine) 1 (Mar.–Dec. 1836), 110–112 17 Charles Greville, Memoirs (Second Part): A Journal of the Reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1852. 3 vols. Ed. Henry Reeve. (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1885), I, p. 11 18 William Makepeace Thackeray, ‘Two Days in Wicklow’, in The Paris Sketch Book of Mr. M.A. Titmarsh, The Irish Sketch Book, & Notes of a Journey from Cornhill to Grand Cairo (New York: Caxton, 1840), pp. 491–493 19 William Makepeace Thackeray, ‘Physiology of the London Idler’, Punch 3 (1842), p. 102, ‘Railway Parsimony’, Punch 13 (1847), 150, ‘Natural Phenomenon’, Punch 14 (1848), 87, and ‘Railway Charges’, Punch 14 (1848), 218 20 Albert Richard Smith, The Struggles and Adventures of Christopher Tadpole at Home and Abroad (London: Willoughby, 1847), pp. 481–483 21 Charles Dickens, ‘Paul’s Second Deprivation’, in Dombey and Son. 2 Vols. (New York: Harper & Bros, 1852), I: 70–72 22 Charles Dickens, ‘Mugby Junction’, in Stories from the Christmas Numbers of “Household Words” and “All Year Round.” (New York: Macmillan and Co., 1896), pp. 464–465, 500–512 23 Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend (New York: Macmillan, 1907), p. 720 24 Charles Dickens, ‘A Flight’, in Reprinted Pieces (New York: University Society, 1908), pp. 151–161 PART 5 Timetables, calendars, and stations: Mid-Victorian railway cultures 25 Henry Booth, ‘Considerations, Moral, Commercial, Economical’, An Account of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (Liverpool: Wales and Baines, 1830), pp. 85–94 26 ‘Easter Travelling’, Illustrated London News, April 29, 1905, 626 27 William Powell Frith, ‘The Railway Station’, (Paddington Station) (1862) 28 George Catlin, Adventures of the Ojibbeway and Ioway Indians in England, France, and Belgium. Third ed. (London: n.p., 1852), pp. 15, 17, 20–26, 34–35, 123–127, 129, 145–146 29 John Overton Choules, Young Americans Abroad (Boston: Gould and Lincoln, 1853), pp. 48–52, 92–95 30 Miss (Julia) Pardoe, ‘On the Rail’, Reginald Lyle (New York: Burgess & Day, 1854), pp. 103–106 31 Elizabeth Gaskell, ‘Mischances’, North and South (London: Oxford University Press, 1908), pp. 312–317 32 George Augustus Sala, ‘The Art of Sucking Eggs’, in Temple Bar 1 (1861), 558–564 33 Miss. Muloch (Dinah Maria Mulock Craik), A Life for a Life: A Novel (New York: Carleton, 1864), pp. 196–197 34 Frances Eleanor Trollope, Veronica, ‘The Railway Waiting Room’, in All the Year Round, New Series V.2 (September 25, 1869), p. 386 35 G. K. Chesterton, ‘The Prehistoric Railway Station’, in Tremendous Truffles (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1909), pp. 260–267 PART 6 Subterranean railways and the underground: high Victorian railway cultures 36 ‘The Metropolitan Subterranean Railway’, The Times (London), November 30, 1861, p. 5 37 Mortimer Collins, The Vivian Romance (New York: Harper, 1870), pp. 31–32 38 M. E. Braddon, ‘On the Track’, from Henry Dunbar: The Story of an Outcast, Three Vols. (London: J. Maxwell, 1866), III, pp. 187–201 39 M. E. Braddon, The Lovels of Arden (Leipzig: B. Tauchnitz, 1871), pp. 92–97 40 Gustave Doré, The Workmen’s Train, Ludgate Hill, and Over the City by Railway. Illustrations originally printed in Doré and Blanchard Jerrold, London: A Pilgrimage. (London: Grant, 1872) 41 Lady Margaret Majendie, ‘A Railway Journey’, Blackwood’s Magazine 121 (April 1877), pp. 497–503 42 Cover Illustration of H. L. Williams’s adaptation of Dion Boucicault’s play After Dark (1880s), depicting railway rescue scene in the London Underground/Subterranean Railway 43 Dion Boucicault, scene II from After Dark: A Drama of London Life in 1868, in Four Acts. (New York: DeWitt, n.d.) pp. 36–37 PART 7 Netherworlds and nostalgia: late Victorian and Edwardian railway cultures 44 George Gissing, ‘10 Saturnalia!’, in The Nether World (London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 1890), pp. 105–113 45 James John Hissey, Through Ten English Counties (London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1894), pp. 392–393 46 Thomas Hardy, Jude the Obscure (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1896), pp. 341-343 47 Arthur Quiller-Couch, ‘The Cuckoo Valley Railway’ and ‘Punch’s Understudy’, in The Delectable Duchy: Stories, Studies, and Sketches (New York: C. Scribners’ Sons, 1898), pp. 61–69, 107–115 48 George John Whyte-Melville, The Brookes of Bridlemere (London: Ward, Lock, 1899), pp. 156–161, 200–205 49 H. G. Wells, When the Sleeper Wakes (New York: Harper & Bros., 1899), pp. 201–211 50 Henry James, ‘London’, English Hours (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1905), pp. 36–39 51 Henry James, ‘Isle of Wight’, Portraits of Places (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1911), pp. 292–294 52 E. Nesbit, ‘Saviours of the Train’, The Railway Children (London and New York: Macmillan, 1906), pp. 127–137 53 E. M. Forster, Howards End (New York: G. P. Putnam Sons, 1911), pp. 12–19 PART 8 The railway accident, public health, and military deployment 54 ‘Wolverhampton’, The Spectator, February 24, 1838, pp. 176–177 55 ‘In the Temple Gardens’, Temple Bar 2 (July, 1861), pp. 286–287 56 ‘Armagh’, The Spectator, June 15, 1889, 813 57 ‘The Influence of Railway Travelling on Public Health’, The Lancet, 1862, pp. 15–17 58 John Charles Hall, ‘Railway Accidents’, in Medical Evidence in Railway Accidents (London: Longmans & Co. 1868), pp. 27–42 59 ‘Navvies for the Crimea’ and ‘The Balaclava Railway Corps’, Illustrated London News, 13 January 1855, 28–29, 304 60 ‘The Invasion of the Free State’, The Spectator, March 17, 1900, 229 61 Boer War: Diary of Eyre Lloyd, 2nd Coldstream Guards, Assistant Staff Officer, Colonel Benson’s Column, killed at Brakenlaagte, 30th October 1901 (London: Army and Navy Cooperative Society, 1905), pp. 3–6, 17–19, 27–28, 43, 45, 56–58, 63, 66–67, 71–78, 105–118, 124, 131, 137–141, 153, 169–171, 187, 242, 249–250, 260, 288–289 PART 9 The Great War and interwar railway cultures 62 ‘Railways and the War’, in The Times History of the War 6 (1915), pp. 161, 167, 169–174 63 Edwin A. Pratt, ‘Employment of Women and Girls’, in British Railways and the Great War: Organisation, Efforts, Difficulties and Achievements, 2 vols. (London: Selwyn and Blount, 1921), pp. 475–482 64 Thomas Hardy, ‘Midnight on the Great Western’, in The Poetical Works of Thomas Hardy, 2 vols. (London: Macmillan, 1919), I, p. 483 65 Lord Monkswell, ‘Making Up Lost Time’, The Railway Magazine 50 (Jan.–June 1922), pp. 157–160 66 ‘Railway Art and Literature in 1922’, The Railway Magazine 51 (July–Dec. 1922), pp. 59–66 67 ‘Flying Scotsman’s First Run’, Times (London), 2 May 1928, p. 13 68 Frank Parker Stockbridge, ‘Cargoes through the Clouds’, Harper’s 140, 1919–1920, pp. 189–191 PART 10 Railway cultures of Scotland and Ireland 69 Anon. (David Croal), Early Recollections of a Journalist, 1832–1859 (Edinburgh: Andrew Eliot, 1898), pp. 8–10 70 Charles Richard Weld, Two Months in the Highlands, Orcadia, and Skye (London: Longmans, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1860), pp. 4–6 71 W. Edmondstoune Aytoun, Norman Sinclair 3 vols. (Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons, 1861), I, pp. 250–251, 271–274, II, pp. 102–114 72 C. F. Gordon Cumming, In the Hebrides (London: Chatto & Windus, 1883), pp. 201–204, 420–422 73 C. F. Gordon Cumming, Memories (Edinburgh: W. Blackwood, 1904), pp. 440–441 74 ‘The Dublin and Kingstown Railway’, Dublin Penny Journal 3, 113, 30 August 1834, pp. 65–68 75 J. Jay Smith, A Summer’s Jaunt across the Water (Philadelphia: J. W. Moore, 1846), pp. 46–47 76 Frederick Richard Chichester, Masters and Workmen: A Tale Illustrative of the Social and Moral Condition of the People, 3 vols. (London: Newby, 1851), I, pp. 7–17 77 Andrew Dickinson, My First Visit to Europe (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1851), pp. 48–50 78 Sir Francis Bond Head, A Fortnight in Ireland, 2nd ed. (London: John Murray, 1852), pp. 70, 108–114 79 George Foxcroft Haskins, Travels in England, France, Italy and Ireland (Boston: P. Donahoe, 1856), pp. 265–266, 269 80 Michael Cavanagh (ed.), Memoirs of General Thomas Francis Meagher Comprising the Leading Events of His Career (Worcester, Mass.: The Messenger Press, 1892), pp. 245–253 81 C. O. Burge, The Adventures of a Civil Engineer: Fifty Years on Five Continents (London: Alston Rivers, 1909), pp. 8–13, 47–53 82 J. M. Synge, In Wicklow, West Kerry and Connemara (Dublin: Maunsel, 1911), pp. 65–67, 157–165 83 J. M. Synge, The Aran Islands, 4 vols. (Dublin: Maunsel, 1912). I, pp. 115–120 84 Joseph Tatlow, Fifty Years of Railway Life in England, Scotland and Ireland (London: The Railway Gazette, 1920), pp. 110–111 85 Padraic Colum, ‘Into Munster: On the Train’, The Road Round Ireland (New York: Macmillan, 1926), pp. 416–419 This 4-volume collection is the first compilation of primary sources to historicize the cultural impact of railways on a global scale from their inception in Great Britain to the Great Depression. Gathered together are over 200 rare out-of-print published and unpublished materials from archival and digital repositories throughout the world. Organized by historical geography, this first volume covers the United Kingdom.