A thousand blunders : the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and Northern British Columbia

## In A Thousand Blunders, Frank Leonard looks at why the 'Road of a Thousand Wonders' failed to live up to the expectations forecast by company president Charles M. Hays and other senior managers. Not only was the railway built through a sparsely settled region, which generated little immediate traffic, but its economic difficulties were also compounded by the numerous mistakes made by managers at all levels: for example, their failure to respond adequately to labour shortages caused serious delays and prevented the company from proving Prince Rupert as an effective alternative harbour before World War I broke out. For this book, Frank Leonard had access to a wealth of original documents, among them the GTP legal department files, providing him with insights into the decisions that formed the basis for policies in townsites and on Indian reserves. A Thousand Blunders is a provocative account of one of the greatest failures in Canadian entrepreneurial history. Richly detailed and thoroughly documented, it makes an important contribution to the fields of railway and business history, as well as to the study of the history of northern British Columbia. During the first two decades of the twentieth century, the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway played an important role in the development of the north-central corridor of British Columbia. Running from Winnipeg via Edmonton and the Yellowhead Pass to Prince Rupert on the northwest coast, the GTP was built to challenge the primacy of the Canadian Pacific Railway. The 1,500-kilometre British Columbia line, built at great cost over some of the country's most rugged terrain, was completed in 1914. But traffic on this line fell far short of company expectations, and this contributed to the collapse of the GTP in 1919. In this book, Frank Leonard looks at the failure of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, focusing on the problems of the BC line. He calls into question traditional interpretations of the company's collapse by arguing that much of it can be attributed to 'a thousand blunders' made by senior and junior GTP managers. His research is based on the meticulous examination of surviving internal company documents, which provide important insights into the routine decisions that formed the basis of GTP policies. A Thousand Blunders is a provocative account of one of the greatest failures in Canadian entrepreneurial history. Richly detailed and thoroughly documented, it makes an important contribution to the fields of railway and business history, as well as to the study of the history of northern British Columbia. A provocative account of one of the greatest entrepreneurial failures in Canadian history, this book documents the downfall of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, which helped develop the north-central corridor of British Columbia – then collapsed dramatically in 1919.