A History of Science Technology and Philosophy in the 16 and 17th Centuries (Routledge Revivals)

Published in 1935: This is the first attempt to give a full portrait if the mind of the 16th and 17th centuries. Detailed accounts are given of all that is important in the first two centuries of modern science and philosophy. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Original Title Page Dedication Table of Contents Preface CHAPTER I: Modern Science MODERN SCIENCE AND MEDIAEVAL THOUGHT THE HERITAGE FROM THE PAST THE SECULARIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE THE AID OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS CHAPTER II: The Copernican Revolution THE LIFE OF COPERNICUS COPERNICAN ASTRONOMY THE ORIGINALITY OF COPERNICUS THE SPREAD OF COPERNICANISM CHAPTER III: Galileo Galilei ITALY IN THE AGE OF THE RENAISSANCE THE EARLY LIFE OF GALILEI GALILEI'S ASTRONOMICAL DISCOVERIES THE DIALOGUE ON THE PTOLEMAIC AND THE COPERNICAN WORLD-SYSTEMS GALILEI AND THE CHURCH OF ROME MILTON’S VISIT TO GALILEI DISCOURSES ON TWO NEW SCIENCES THE LAW OF FALLING BODIES PENDULAR OSCILLATIONS THE DYNAMICS OF IMPACT OTHER RESEARCHES IN PHYSICS CHAPTER IV: Scientific Academies THE ORIGIN OF THE SCIENTIFIC ACADEMIES THE ACCADEMIA DEL CIMENTO OF FLORENCE THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON THE ACADÉMIE DES SCIENCES OF PARIS THE BERLIN ACADEMY CHAPTER V: Scientific Instruments THE MICROSCOPE THE TELESCOPE THE THERMOMETER THE BAROMETER THE AIR-PUMP THE PENDULUM CLOCK VARIOUS MARINE INSTRUMENTS CHAPTER VI: The Progress of Astronomy: Tycho Brahe and Kepler THE LIFE OF TYCHO BRAHE HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO ASTRONOMY THE LIFE OF KEPLER KEPLER’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO ASTRONOMY JEREMIAH HORROCKS CHAPTER VII: The Newtonian Synthesis THE LIFE OF NEWTON THE DISCOVERY OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION NEWTON’S “PRINCIPIA” CHAPTER VIII: Astronomers and Observatories in the Age of Newton CHRISTIAN HUYGENS THE PARIS OBSERVATORY PICARD RÖMER AUZOUT CASSINI MICROMETERS THE GREENWICH OBSERVATORY: FLAMSTEED HALLEY AND HEVELIUS CHAPTER IX: Mathematics ANTECEDENTS VIETA TARTAGLIA GIRARD MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS LOGARITHMS NAPIER BÜRGI ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY DESCARTES DESARGUES FERMAT INFINITESIMALS, FLUXIONS, AND THE CALCULUS KEPLER CAVALIERI GULDINUS ROBERVAL PASCAL WALLIS BARROW NEWTON LEIBNIZ CHAPTER X: Mechanics STEVINUS TORRICELLI PASCAL HUYGENS IMPACT WALLIS WREN HUYGENS MARIOTTE NEWTON PNEUMATICS BOYLE'S LAW CHAPTER XI: Physics: I. Light ANTECEDENTS KEPLER SNELL DESCARTES FERMAT GRIMALDI HOOKE RÖMER HUYGENS NEWTON MARIOTTE TSCHIRNHAUS CHAPTER XII: Physics: II. Heat III. Sound HEAT FIRE ATOMS versus MOLECULAR MOTION THERMAL CAPACITY RADIATION OF HEAT AND COLD SOUND: THE PITCH OF SOUNDS SYMPATHETIC VIBRATIONS, OVERTONES, ETC THE VELOCITY OF SOUND THE MEDIUM OF SOUND CHAPTER XIII: Physics: IV. Magnetism and Electricity ANTECEDENTS GILBERT OF COLCHESTER BARLOW MAGNETISM IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY: KIRCHER AND CABEO DESCARTES NEWTON TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM: HALLEY ELECTRICITY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY: THE ACCADEMIA DEL CIMENTO GUERICKE CHAPTER XIV: Meteorology METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS: HYGROSCOPES WIND-GAUGE RAIN-GAUGE WEATHER-CLOCK METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AND THEORIES: RECORDS HEIGHT OF THE ATMOPHERE WINDS EVAPORATION DISTRIBUTION OF SOLAR RADIATION CHAPTER XV: Chemistry IATRO-CHEMISTRY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY: LIBAVIUS VAN HELMONT GLAUBER REY THE BEGINNING OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE: BOYLE HOOKE LOWER THE DISCOVERY OF PHOSPHORUS CHAPTER XVI: Geology GEOGONY DESCARTES KIRCHER BURNET LEIBNIZ WOODWARD NEWTON PHYSICAL GEOLOGY AGRICOLA STENO PERRAULT LISTER WOODWARD PALAEONTOLOGY ANTECEDENTS STENO FRACASTORO AND BRUNO HOOKE LHUYD CRYSTALLOGRAPHY HOOKE AND BARTHOLINUS STENO BOYLE CHAPTER XVII: Geography: I. Exploration II. Cartography III. Treatises EXPLORATION I. GEOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATION II. CARTOGRAPHY APIAN MERCATOR ÖRTAL CLÜVER III. TREATISES ON GEOGRAPHY MÜNSTER CARPENTER VARENIUS CHAPTER XVIII: The Biological Sciences: I. Botany II. Zoology III. Anatomy and Physiology IV. Microscopic Biology BOTANY HERBALS BOTANICAL GARDENS CLUSIUS AND LOBELIUS MATTIOLI BAUHIN CESALPINI JUNGIUS MORISON AND RAY RIVINUS TOURNSFORT ZOOLOGY GESNER ALDROVANDI WOTTON BELON AND RONDELET VESALIUS RAY ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY VESALIUS SERVETUS FABRICIUS HARVEY BORELLI MICROSCOPIC BIOLOGY MALPIGHI SWAMMERDAM LEEUWENHOEK GREW AND CAMERARIUS CHAPTER XIX: Medicine MEDICINE AND SCIENCE THE MEDICAL HERITAGE SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS IN MEDICINE IMPROVED TREATMENT NEW MEDICAMENTS SPECIALIZED STUDY OF DISEASES FAMOUS DOCTORS CHAPTER XX: Technology: I. Science and Technology II. Agriculture III. Textiles SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENTS AND INVENTIONS TEXTILE PROBLEMS SPINNING WEAVING KNITTING CHAPTER XXI: Technology: IV. Building Problems THE STRENGTH OF BUILDING MATERIALS DA VINCI GALILEI WURTZ MARIOTTE HOOKE STRUCTURAL MECHANICS BEFORE THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PALLADIO DERAND THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY WREN HOOKE LA HIRE ELASTICITY PETTY HOOKE NEWTON CHAPTER XXII: Technology: V. Mining and Metallurgy: VI. Mechanical Engineering MINING AND METALLURGY GLASSMAKING MECHANICAL ENGINEERING HAULING MACHINES WATER PUMPS VENTILATION WATERWORKS ENGINEERING SKETCHES ADDENDA CHAPTER XXIII: Technology: VII. The Steam Engine VIII. Mechanical Calculators THE STEAM ENGINE ANTECEDENTS THE MARQUIS OF WORCESTER HUYGENS PAPIN MORLAND SAVERY MECHANICAL CALCULATORS THE ABACUS NAPIER'S BONES THE SLIDE RULE CALCULATING MACHINES CHAPTER XXIV: Psychology PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY HOBBES DESCARTES SPINOZA LOCKE LEIBNIZ CHAPTER XXV: The Social Sciences GEOGRAPHICAL AND CLIMATIC INFLUENCES POLITICAL ARITHMETIC GRAUNT PETTY KING LIFE OR MORTALITY TABLES ECONOMICS NATIONAL WEALTH MONEY AND WEALTH GRESHAM’S LAW VALUE AND PRICE THE VALUE OF LAND WAGES INTEREST REGULARITY IN SOCIAL PHENOMENA CHAPTER XXVI: Philosophy BRUNO BACON HOBBES DESCARTES SPINOZA LOCKE LEIBNIZ MORE BARROW GILBERT BOYLE NEWTON Index